Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-89wxm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T19:58:15.315Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Creating Language and Community in Pidginization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2016

William J. Samarin
William J. Samarin*
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Although “language” and “community” are assumed for all normal, that is, stable, conditions experienced by human beings, both phenomena are problematic in situations where there is no shared means of communication. We should like to know how they emerge, which one takes precedence or is more dominant (if such can be determined) and what factors accompany the predominance of one of these phenomena. In this paper, I approach the problem by examining the origin of jargons and pidgins. I propose, as a modest contribution to the enormous task that has to be addressed, a set of generalizations that might serve as a heuristic for understanding pidginization as a context for the emergence of both language and community.

Type
Research Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , June 1988 , pp. 155 - 165
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Linguistic Association 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bickerton, Derek 1984 The Language Bioprogram Hypothesis. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7:173–188, 212–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouquiaux, Luc, ed. 1978 Dictionnaire sango-français et lexique français-sango. Paris: Société d’Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France.Google Scholar
Brunache, Paul 1894 Le centre de l’Afrique. Autour du Tchad. Paris: Germer Baillière.Google Scholar
Chavannes, Charles de 1889 18 septembre 1889, Archives Nationales Section Outre-Mer, Paris, Bagon-Congo IV.14a.Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael G., ed. 1981 Foreigner Talk. International Journal of the Sociology of Language vol. 28.Google Scholar
Dutton, Tom 1983 Birds of a Feather: A Pair of Rare Pidgins from the Gulf of Papua. Pp. 77–105 in The Social Context of Creolization. Woolford, Ellen and Washabaugh, William, eds. Ann Arbor: Karoma.Google Scholar
Famian, Johannes 1986 Language and Colonial Power. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Goodenough, Ward 1981 Culture, Language, and Society. 2nd ed. Menlow Park, California: Benjamin-Cummings.Google Scholar
Hancock, Ian 1986 The Domestic Hypothesis, Diffusion and Componentiality: An Account of Atlantic Anglophone Creole Origins. Pp. 71–102 in Substrata vs. Universals in Creole Genesis. Muysken, Pieter and Smith, Norval, eds. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jewitt, John R. 1976 A Journal Kept at Nootha Sound. New York: Garland Publishing. [Originally published 1807].Google Scholar
Jewiewicki, Bogumil, and Bawele, Mumbanza mwa 1981 The Social Context of Slavery in Equatorial Africa during the 19th and 20th Centuries. Pp. 73–98 in The Ideology of Slavery in Africa. Lovejoy, Paul E., ed. Beverley Hills: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Joos, Martin 1971 Hypotheses as to the Origin and Modification of Pidgins. Pp. 187 in Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Hymes, Dell, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Le Page, Robert 1977 Processes of Pidginization and Creolization. Pp. 222–255 in Pidgin and Creole Linguistics. Valdman, Albert, ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Mosel, Ulrike, and Mühlhäusler, Peter 1982 New Evidence of a Samoan Origin of New Guinea Tok Pisin (New Guinea Pidgin English). The Journal of Pacific History 17:166–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mühlhäusler, Peter 1983 Samoan Plantation Pidgin English and the Origin of New Guinea Pidgin. Pp. 28–76 in The Social Context of Creolization. Woolford, Ellen and Washabaugh, William, eds. Ann Arbor: Karoma.Google Scholar
Mühlhäusler, Peter 1984 Roots of Language? Review article of Bickerton. Folia Linguistica 18:263–277.Google Scholar
Roquefeuil, Camille de 1823 Journal d’un voyage autour du monde, pendant les années 1816, 1818 et 1819. 2 vols. Paris: Lesage, Gide, et Ponthieu.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1970 Sango, langue de l’Afrique centrale. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1971 Salient and Substantive Pidginization. Pp. 117–140 in Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Hymes, Dell, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1982 Colonization and Pidginization on the Ubangi River. Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 4:1–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1984a Bondjo Ethnicity and Colonial Imagination. Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 18:345–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1984b Socioprogrammed Linguistics: Commentary on “The Language Bio-program Hypothesis” by Derek Bickerton. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7:206–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1985a Plurigenesis in Pidginization. Journal of Historical Linguistics and Philology 2:100–119.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1985b Work and Women in the Emergence of Chinook Jargon. Paper read at the Fifth North American Fur Trade Conference, Montréal.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1986a Chinook Jargon and Pidgin Historiography. Canadian Journal of Anthropology 5:23–34.Google Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1986b The Source of Sango’s ‘be’. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 1:205–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samarin, William J. 1987 Demythologizing Plains Indian Sign Language History. International Journal of American Linguistics 5:23–34.Google Scholar
Thomason, Sarah G. 1983 Chinook Jargon in Areal and Historical Context. Language 59:820–870.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valkhoff, Marius, F. 1972 New Light on Afrikaans and ‘Malayo-Portuguese’. Louvain: Éditions Peeters.Google Scholar
Voorhoeve, Jan 1964 Creole Languages and Communication. Pp. 233–242 in Colloque sur le multilinguisme (Brazzaville, 1962). (CSA/CCTA Publication No. 87). London: Commission de Coopération Technique en Afrique.Google Scholar
Voorhoeve, Jan 1971 Varieties of Creole in Suriname. Pp. 305–315 in Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Hymes, Dell, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wrangell, Ferdinand Petrovich 1980 Russian America: Statistical and Ethnographical Information. Translated from the German edition of 1839 by Sedouski, Mary, ed. by Pierce, Richard A.. Kingston, Ontario: Limestone Press.Google Scholar