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Dietary chenodeoxycholic acid inclusion improves carbohydrate utilisation and inflammation of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) partly mediated by the activation of farnesoid X receptor

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2025

Wenfei Li ,
Nihe Zhang ,
Ning Liu ,
Shiwen Chen ,
Ye Gong ,
Naisong Chen  and
Songlin Li Open the ORCID record for Songlin Li [Opens in a new window]
Wenfei Li
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Nihe Zhang
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Ning Liu
Affiliation:
International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Shiwen Chen
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Ye Gong
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Naisong Chen
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
Songlin Li*
Affiliation:
Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
*
Corresponding author: Songlin Li; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) potential activator, on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, glucose metabolism and inflammation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (initial body weight: 5·45 ± 0·02 g) fed a high-carbohydrate diet. Experimental diets included a positive control (5 % α-starch), a negative control (10 % α-starch) and two diets containing 10 % α-starch supplemented with either 0·05 % or 0·10 % CDCA. After 8 weeks, the high-carbohydrate diet reduced growth performance and increased hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes, which were mitigated by 0·10 % CDCA supplementation. The high-carbohydrate diet also increased hepatic glycogen and crude lipid content, both of which were reduced by 0·10 % CDCA. Furthermore, the high-carbohydrate diet-induced oxidative stress, histopathological changes and reduced liver lysozyme activity, which were ameliorated by CDCA supplementation. Molecular analysis showed that the high-carbohydrate diet suppressed FXR and phosphorylated AKT1 (p-AKT1) protein expression in the liver, downregulated insulin signalling (ira, irs, pi3kr1 and akt1), gluconeogenesis (pepck and g6pc) and glycolysis genes (gk, pk and pfkl). CDCA supplementation upregulated fxr expression, activated shp, enhanced the expression of insulin signalling and glycolytic genes (gk, pk and pfkl) and inhibited gluconeogenesis. Additionally, CDCA reduced inflammatory markers (nf-κb and il-1β) and restored anti-inflammatory mediators (il-10, iκb and tgf-β). In conclusion, 0·10 % CDCA improved carbohydrate metabolism and alleviated liver inflammation in largemouth bass fed a high dietary carbohydrate, partially through FXR activation.

Keywords

Chenodeoxycholic acidGlycogen depositionGlucose metabolismInflammatory responseLargemouth bass
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , First View , pp. 1 - 12
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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Footnotes

Wenfei Li and Nihe Zhang contributed equally to this work.

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