All submissions will be initially assessed for suitability by the Editor-in-Chief (or Handling Editor, if the Editor-in-Chief has a conflict of interest, or if he has delegated editorial responsibility for certain topic areas). After the initial assessment, submissions are single-blind peer-reviewed by a minimum of two independent, anonymous expert referees and the assigned Handling Editor. Find out more about what to expect during peer review here.

Revised submissions may be subject to the same review process as original submissions. The editors reserve the right to approach additional reviewers as needed. Decisions on revised submissions may also be based entirely on the assessments of the Editor-in-Chief and/or Handling Editor.

Recommended reviewers are treated as suggestions only and there is no guarantee they will be approached.

Authors with grave concerns about potential reviewers should write to the journal to explain why they would like reviewers to be excluded. The journal editors reserve the right to invite excluded reviewers at their discretion.

The author and reviewer should not have any contact without the permission of the journal during the peer review process and before a final decision has been made. The system is set up to blind the reviewer name to the author. If the reviewer includes their name in the review it may be visible to the author.

All articles in this journal are peer-reviewed. No person is permitted to take any role in the peer-review of a paper in which they have an interest, defined as follows: fees or grants from, employment by, consultancy for, shared ownership in, or any close relationship with, an organisation whose interests, financial or otherwise, may be affected by the publication of the paper.

When editorial board members of this journal submit papers, the journal follows the below process:

1. Editorial board members include a declaration of interest statement in their submission stating their role with the journal.
2. Editorial board members submit to the journal via ScholarOne and do not take part in the review or decision-making process regarding their own paper.
3. Editorial board members who have submitted papers to the journal are blinded from accessing information on their paper in the system and are notified of decisions in the usual way.

Appeals & Complaints

If an author believes their manuscript has been incorrectly rejected, an appeal letter can be submitted by responding to the decision email directly or contacting [email protected].

To have an appeal considered, please provide full details regarding your reasoning for the appeal letter. All appeals are reviewed and discussed during the monthly Senior Editorial Committee meeting with a final decision communicated to the author via email. We can consider only one appeal per manuscript.

Please direct all complaints to the Editor-in-Chief or the editorial office at [email protected].