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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 May 2025
In a minor skirmish in the history wars, or what might be called “ashes diplomacy,” Chinese authorities finally allowed the ashes of America's last ambassador to China before 1949, John Leighton Stuart (1876-1964), to be interred next to the graves of his parents in Hangzhou, the southern Chinese city where he was born.
Earlier this fall, local authorities in Zhenjiang, a city on the Yangzi known for its vinegar, opened a Pearl Buck Museum in the house where Buck (1892-1973) spent most of her first eighteen years. The ashes of another historic figure, Edgar Snow (1905-1971), are divided between the Hudson River and a spot by the Nameless Lake on the campus of Beijing University, which had been the campus of Yenching University. Leighton Stuart was president when Snow taught there in the 1930s.
[1] “The Open Door Raj: Chinese-American Cultural Relations, 1900-1945,” in Warren I. Cohen, ed., Pacific Passages (Columbia University Press, 1995): 139-162; William T. Rowe, “Owen, Lattimore, Asia, and Comparative History,” Journal of Asian Studies 66.3 (2007): 759-786.
[2] Quoted in Philip West, Yenching University and Sino-Western Relations, 1916-1972 (Harvard University Press 1976): 24, from John Leighton Stuart, Fifty Years in China: The Memoirs of John Leighton Stuart, Missionary and Ambassador (New York: Random House, 1954).
[3] Charles W. Hayford, “What's So Bad About The Good Earth?” Education About Asia 3.3 (December 1998): 4-7. www.aasianst.org/EAA/hayford.htm
[4] Pearl S. Buck, “Is There a Case for Foreign Missions?” Harper's 166 (1933): 144.
[5] Fighting Angel (New York: John Day, 1936; reprinted, Norwalk, CT: EastBridge, 2008): 76, 302.
[6] “Farewell, Leighton Stuart!” Selected Works Volume IV (Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1969): 433-440
[7] Pearl S. Buck, My Several Worlds (John Day, 1954): 199-200.
[8] Peter Conn, Pearl S. Buck: A Cultural Biography (Cambridge University Press, 1996): 373