Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:30:46.451Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of increasing the salt intake of pregnant dairy cows on the salt appetite and growth of their calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

M. O. Mohamed  and
C. J. C. Phillips
M. O. Mohamed
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
C. J. C. Phillips*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
*
†Present address: Gatton Campus, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia. E-mail:[email protected]
Get access

Abstract

An increased sodium appetite has been demonstrated in cattle following supplementation with sodium in the neonatal period, but it is unclear whether the sodium appetite of calves can be influenced in utero by the dam’s sodium intake during pregnancy. Twenty-two non-lactating, pregnant dairy cows received either a diet of silage and concentrates or the same diet with 70 g NaCl per day added to it for the last 2 months of pregnancy. The sodium supplement increased the birth weight of their calves but after 6 weeks there was no difference between treatments in calf weight. In addition to milk, calves in both treatments were offered a choice of concentrates with normal or high sodium concentrations (5·8 and 10·8 g/kg dry matter, respectively). Calves from the cows that had received supplementary sodium during pregnancy ate more of the high sodium concentrate than calves from cows without the sodium supplement, demonstrating that sodium appetite could be entrained by the sodium intake of the dam during late pregnancy.

Keywords

calvesdairy cowspregnancysaltsodium chloride
Type
Ruminant nutrition, behaviour and production
Information
Animal Science , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , August 2003 , pp. 181 - 185
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bare, J. K. 1949. The specific hunger for sodium chloride in normal and adrenalectomized white rats. Journal of Comparative Physiology and Psychology 42: 242–253.Google Scholar
Bell, F. R. 1995. Perception of sodium and sodium appetite in farm animals. In Sodium in agriculture (ed. Phillips, C. J. C. and Chiy, P. C.), pp. 82–90. Chalcombe Publications, Canterbury.Google Scholar
Bell, F. R. and Sly, J. 1977. Correlation of behavioural activity and biochemical status of sodium-deficient calves assessed by operant conditioning. Proceedings of an international symposium on olfaction and taste, vol. 6, p. 274.Google Scholar
Chiy, P. C. and Phillips, C. J. C. 1991. The effects of sodium chloride application to pasture, or its direct supplementation, on dairy cow production and grazing preference. Grass and Forage Science 46: 325–331.Google Scholar
Chiy, P. C. and Phillips, C. J. C. 1993a. Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 1. Direct and residual effects on pasture production and composition. Grass and Forage Science 48: 189–202.Google Scholar
Chiy, P. C. and Phillips, C. J. C. 1993b. Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 4. Effects on mineral uptake and the sodium and potassium status of steers. Grass and Forage Science 48: 260–270.Google Scholar
Chiy, P. C., Phillips, C. J. C. and Omed, H. M. 1993. Sodium fertilizer application to pasture. 3. Rumen dynamics. Grass and Forage Science 48: 249–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Contreras, R. J. and Kosten, T. 1983. Prenatal and early postnatal sodium chloride intake modifies the solution preferences of adult rats. Journal of Nutrition 113: 1051–1062.Google Scholar
Dancis, J. and Springer, D. 1970. Fetal homeostasis in maternal malnutrition: potassium and sodium deficiency in rats. Pediatric Research 4: 345–351.Google Scholar
Denton, D. 1982. Hunger for salt. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Denton, D. A. 1967. Salt appetite. In Handbook of physiology (ed. Code, C. F.), pp. 453–459. American Physiology Society, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Fregly, M. S. 1980. Salt and social behaviour. In Biological and behavioural aspects of salt intake (ed. M. R. Kare, ,M. J. Fregly, and Bernard, R. A.), pp. 3–11, Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Ganguli, M. C., Smith, J. D. and Hanson, L. E. 1969. Sodium metabolism and its requirement during reproduction in female rats. Journal of Nutrition 99: 225–234.Google Scholar
Gupta, S. C., Gupta, N. and Nivsarkar, A. E. 1999. Mithun – a bovine of Indian origin. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Hemingway, R. G. 1995. Requirements for sodium by livestock and dietary allowances. In Sodium in agriculture (ed. Phillips, C. J. C. and Chiy, P. C.), pp. 145–161. Chalcombe Publications, Canterbury.Google Scholar
Hill, D. L. 1988. Influence of dietary sodium on functional taste receptor development: a sensitive period. Science 241: 1826–1828.Google Scholar
Kaunitz, H. 1956. Causes and consequences of salt consumption. Nature, London 178: 1141–1144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirksay, A., Pike, R. L. and Callahan, J. A. 1962. Some effects of high and low sodium intakes during pregnancy in the rat. II. Food consumption, weight gain, reproductive performance, electrolyte balances, plasma total protein and protein fractions in normal pregnancy. Journal of Nutrition 77: 33–42.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food/Agricultural Development and Advisory Service. 1986. The analysis of agricultural materials, third edition. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Mulvaney, P. M. 1977. Dairy cow condition scoring. National Institute of Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading, paper no. 446.Google Scholar
Nicoladis, S., Galaverna, O. and Meltzer, C. G. 1990. Extracellular dehydration during pregnancy increases salt intake of offspring. American Journal of Physiology 27: R281-R283.Google Scholar
Phillips, C. J. C., Chiy, P. C., Arney, D. R. and Kärt, O. 2000. Effects of sodium fertilizers and supplements on milk production and mammary gland health. Journal of Dairy Research 67: 1–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phillips, C. J. C., Youssef, M. Y. I., Chiy, P. C. and Arney, D. R. 1999. Sodium chloride supplements increase the salt appetite and reduce sterotypies in confined cattle. Animal Science 68: 741–747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, C. P. 1936. Increased sodium appetite in adrenalectomized rats. American Journal of Physiology 115: 151–161.Google Scholar
Schneider, P. L., Beede, D. K. and Wilcox, C. J. 1986. Response of lactating dairy cows to dietary sodium source and quantity during heat stress. Journal of Dairy Science 69: 99–110.Google Scholar
Speilman, W. S. and Davis, J. O. 1974. The renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion during sodium depletion in the rat. Circulation Research 35: 615–624.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1987. SAS/STAT users’s guide, release 6·04. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar