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Chapter 6 - A history of différance

from Part II - Between phenomenology and structuralism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2011

Edward Baring
Affiliation:
Drew University, New Jersey
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Summary

The model of the double séance works above all for Derrida's central concept of différance, a term that, as much as “deconstruction,” has come to represent his philosophy. Derrida introduced différance to the French intellectual public in his 1966 paper “Freud and the Scene of Writing.” But if this paper marked in a sense an origin, it was not a simple one. Already, in the opening pages of the text, Derrida gave a waypoint for a history of the term, referring to a passage in his recently published article “Of Grammatology.” But, significantly, the word différance did not appear in the passage cited, nor indeed in the whole of that article. The passage read:

Coming to recognize…that the meaning of Being is not a transcendental or trans-epochal signified…but already in an unprecedented sense, a determined trace, is to affirm that in the decisive concept of the ontico-ontological difference, everything should not be thought in one go: being and Being, ontic and ontological, ontico-ontological would be, in an original way, derived from difference. The ontico-ontological difference would not be the “foundation” (Vom Wesen des Grundes). Difference tout court would be more “originary,” but one could no longer call it “origin” or “foundation,” (these notions belong essentially to the history of onto-theology).

Drawing out those parts in Heidegger's text where he complicated any understanding of the “truth of Being” as a “transcendental signified” and suggesting that it too was a sign, Derrida argued that the ontico-ontological difference could no longer be primary; the difference between Being and beings appealed to a Being that was itself riven with difference. Because Being and its ontic determinations were both signs, the (structuralist) difference at the heart of signification preceded that between Being and beings.

If the passage asserted a rupture, it was contained within the word “difference,” between the “ontico-ontological difference” and “difference tout court” – repetition without identity – which came into tension with itself over the course of the footnote. The tension was only formally recognized later, in the book form of De la grammatologie, which grew out of the two original articles, when this more “originary” difference was rewritten as “différance.” No longer the temporalization and differing of the ontico-ontological difference, the deferral of Being that could only show itself in hiding itself, Derrida's différance, spacing and temporalization, preceded and constituted Heidegger's.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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References

Derrida, JacquesLa DisséminationParisEditions du Seuil 1972Google Scholar
Derrida, JacquesL’Écriture et la différenceParisEditions du Seuil 1967Google Scholar
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Derrida, Jacques 1965
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Derrida, Jacques 1963
Wood, DavidDerrida & DifféranceCoventryParousia Press 1985Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques 1964
Lacan, JacquesThe Four Fundamental Concepts of PsychoanalysisLondonHogarth Press 1977Google Scholar
Lacan, JacquesEcritsNew YorkW. W. Norton & Co. 2006Google Scholar
Borch-Jacobsen, Mikkel 1991
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Roudinesco, ElisabethJacques LacanParisFayard 1993Google Scholar
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Ey, HenriL’InconscientParisDesclée, De Brouwer 1966Google Scholar
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Green, André 1962
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Peden, KnoxHallward, PeterConcept and Form: The Cahiers pour l’Analyse and Contemporary French ThoughtLondonVerso 2011Google Scholar

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  • A history of différance
  • Edward Baring, Drew University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Young Derrida and French Philosophy, 1945–1968
  • Online publication: 05 November 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511842085.010
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  • A history of différance
  • Edward Baring, Drew University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Young Derrida and French Philosophy, 1945–1968
  • Online publication: 05 November 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511842085.010
Available formats
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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • A history of différance
  • Edward Baring, Drew University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Young Derrida and French Philosophy, 1945–1968
  • Online publication: 05 November 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511842085.010
Available formats
×