This chapter documents the transferral of Ferrara’s musical legacy to Mantua, after the devolution of Ferrara to the Papal States in 1597. It details Margherita Gonzaga d’Este’s return to the city of her birth, and the establishment of the convent of Sant’Orsola, that became her home in 1603. The chapter considers Alessandro Grandi’s Motetti a cinque voci, dedicated to Margherita in 1614, in the light of convent performance practice. The chapter also reveals a series of letters written by Count Giulio Thiene, Duke Vincenzo Gonzaga’s agent in Ferrara, that reveal the Duke’s secret negotiations to obtain the private library of Luzzasco Luzzaschi. The composer eventually sent eleven volumes of music, apparently written in a short score format, to the Duke in March 1606. This music would then be in the care of Vincenzo’s maestro, Claudio Monteverdi. The relationship between Monteverdi’s subsequent dramatic output, particularly that for the wedding of Vincenzo’s son in 1608 - including the Lamento d’Arianna - and that for the Este weddings of previous decades is explored.