Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-zc66z Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-03-09T17:09:02.763Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

5 - Volcanotectonic Processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2020

Agust Gudmundsson
Agust Gudmundsson
Affiliation:
Royal Holloway, University of London
Get access

Summary

One principal aim of volcanotectonic studies is to provide a theoretical framework that makes it possible to make reliable deterministic or probabilistic forecasts of volcanotectonic events. These events, in turn, depend on volcanotectonic processes inside the volcanoes. In the previous chapters we have discussed some of the main observational aspects of volcanotectonics, both geological and geophysical, and defined several of the basic concepts. In order to bring into focus those field observations that are useful for understanding the main processes leading to eruptions, vertical or lateral collapses, and related events, we need to know the basic physics that controls the processes. Here we provide an overview of some principal processes that control volcanotectonic events, emphasising elementary physics, particularly mechanics, and the quantitative aspects of volcanotectonics. Many of these processes are elaborated in later chapters.

Type
Chapter
Information
Volcanotectonics
Understanding the Structure, Deformation and Dynamics of Volcanoes
 , pp. 224 - 271
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References and Suggested Reading

Amelung, F., Jonsson, S., Zebker, H., Segall, P., 2000. Widespread uplift and ‘trapdoor’ faulting on Galapagos volcanoes observed with radar interferometry. Nature, 407, 993–996.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, E. M., 1942. The Dynamics of Faulting and Dyke Formation with Application to Britain. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Beget, J. E., Kienle, J., 1992. Cyclic formation of debris avalanches at Mount St Augustine Volcano. Nature, 356, 701–704.Google Scholar
Blake, D. H., 1966. The net-veined complex of the Austurhorn intrusion, southeastern Iceland. Journal of Geology, 74, 891–907.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Browning, J., Gudmundsson, A., 2015a. Surface displacements resulting from magma-chamber roof subsidence, with application to the 2014–2015 Bardarbunga-Holuhraun volcanotectonic episode in Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 308, 82–98.Google Scholar
Browning, J., Gudmundsson, A., 2015b. Caldera faults capture and deflect inclined sheets: an alternative mechanism of ring-dike formation. Bulletin of Volcanology, 77, 889, doi:10.1007/s00445-014-0889-4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunger, A. P., Cruden, A. R., 2011. Modeling the growth of laccoliths and large mafic sills: role of magma body forces. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116, B02203, doi:10.1029/2010JB007648.Google Scholar
Carslaw, H., Jaeger, J.C., 1959. Conduction of Heat in Solids. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cruden, A. R., 1998. On the emplacement of tabular granites. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 155, 853–862.Google Scholar
Fagents, S. A., Gregg, T. K. P., Lopes, R. M. C. (eds.), 2013. Modeling Volcanic Processes: The Physics and Mathematics of Volcanism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fedotov, S. A., Chirkov, A. M., Gusev, N. A., Kovalev, G. N., Slezin, Yu. B., 1980. The large fissure eruption in the region of Plosky Tolbachik Volcano in Kamchatka, 1975–1976. Bulletin of Volcanology, 43, 47–60.Google Scholar
Filson, J., Simkin, T., Leu, L. 1973. Seismicity of a caldera collapse: Galapagos Islands 1968. Journal of Geophysical Research, 78, 8591–8622.Google Scholar
Furman, T., Meyer, P. S., Frey, F., 1992. Evolution of Icelandic central volcanoes: evidence from the Austurhorn intrusion, southeastern Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology, 55, 45–62.Google Scholar
Galindo, I., Gudmundsson, A., 2012. Basaltic feeder dykes in rift zones: geometry, emplacement, and effusion rates. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 12, 3683–3700.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galland, O., Scheibert, J., 2013. Analytical model of surface uplift above axisymmetric flat-lying magma intrusions: implications for sill emplacement and geodesy. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 114–130.Google Scholar
Gautneb, H., Gudmundsson, A., Oskarsson, N., 1989. Structure, petrochemistry, and evolution of a sheet swarm in an Icelandic central volcano. Geological Magazine, 126, 659–673.Google Scholar
Geshi, N., Neri, M., 2014. Dynamic feeder dyke systems in basaltic volcanoes: the exceptional example of the 1809 Etna eruption (Italy). Frontiers in Earth Science, 2, doi:10.3389/feart.2014.00013.Google Scholar
Geshi, N., Shimano, T., Chiba, T., Nakada, S., 2002. Caldera collapse during the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima volcano, Japan. Bulletin of Volcanology, 64, 55–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geshi, N., Kusumoto, S., Gudmundsson, A., 2010. The geometric difference between non-feeders and feeder dikes. Geology, 38, 195–198.Google Scholar
Gordon, J. E., 1976. The New Science of Strong Materials. London: Penguin.Google Scholar
Gretener, P. E. 1969. On the mechanics of the intrusion of sills. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 6, 1415–1419.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 1986. Formation of crustal magma chambers in Iceland. Geology, 14, 164–166.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 1990. Emplacement of dikes, sills and crustal magma chambers at divergent plate boundaries. Tectonophysics, 176, 257–275.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2007. Conceptual and numerical models of ring-fault formation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 164, 142–160.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2009. Toughness and failure of volcanic edifices. Tectonophysics, 471, 27–35.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2011a. Rock Fractures in Geological Processes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2011b. Deflection of dykes into sills at discontinuities and magma-chamber formation. Tectonophysics, 500, 50–64.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2012. Magma chambers: formation, local stresses, excess pressures, and compartments. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 237 –238, 19–41 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., 2015. Collapse-driven large eruptions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 304, 1–10.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., Nilsen, K., 2006. Ring-faults in composite volcanoes: structures, models and stress fields associated with their formation. In Troise, C., De Natle, G., Kilburn, C. R. J. (eds.), Mechanism of Activity and Unrest at Large Calderas. Geological Society of London Special Publications, 269. London: Geological Society of London, pp. 83–108.Google Scholar
Gudmundsson, A., Pasquare, F.A., Tibaldi, A., 2018. Dykes, sills, laccoliths, and inclined sheets in Iceland. In Breitkreuz, C., Rocchi, S. (eds), Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems: Dykes, Sills and Laccoliths. Berlin: Springer, pp. 363–376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartley, M. E., Thordarson, T., 2013. Formation of Öskjuvatn caldera at Askja, North Iceland: mechanism of caldera collapse and implications for the lateral flow hypothesis. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 227–228, 85–101.Google Scholar
Hartley, M. E., Thordarson, T., de Joux, A., 2016. Postglacial eruptive history of the Askja region, North Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology, 78, doi:10.1007/s00445-016-1022-7.Google Scholar
Jaeger, J. C., 1964. Thermal effects of intrusions. Reviews of Geophysics, 2, 443–466.Google Scholar
Jakobsdottir, S., 2008. Seismicity in Iceland 1994–2007. Jokull, 58, 75–100.Google Scholar
Lauthold, J., Muntener, O., Baumgartener, L. P., et al., 2014. A detailed geochemical study of a shallow arc-related laccolith: the Torres del Paine Mafic Complex (Patagonia). Journal of Petrology, 54, 273–303.Google Scholar
Martì, J., Gudmundsson, A., 2000. The Las Canadas caldera (Tenerife, Canary Islands): an overlapping collapse caldera generated by magma-chamber migration. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 103, 161–173.Google Scholar
Michel, J., Baumgartner, L., Putlitz, B., Schaltegger, U., Ovtcharova, M., 2008. Incremental growth of the Patagonian Torres del Paine laccolith over 90 k.y. Geology, 36, 459–462, doi:10.1130/G24546A.1.Google Scholar
Moore, J.G., Normark, W. R., Holcomb, R.T., 1994. Giant Hawaiian landslides. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 22, 119–144.Google Scholar
Neal, C. A., Brantley, S. R., Antolik, J. L., et al., 2019. The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kilauea Volcano. Science, 363, 367–374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newhall, C. G., Dzurisin, D., 1988. Historical Unrest of Large Calderas of the World. Reston, VA: US Geological Survey.Google Scholar
Pollard, D. D., Johnson, A. M., 1973. Mechanics of growth of some laccolithic intrusions in the Henry mountains, Utah, II. Bending and failure of overburden layers and sill formation. Tectonophysics, 18, 311–354.Google Scholar
Reddy, J. N., 2002. Energy Principles and Variational Methods in Applied Mechanics, 2nd edn. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar
Reddy, J. N., 2003. Mechanics of Laminated Composite Plates and Shells: Theory and Analysis, 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, D., Gates, A. E., 2001. Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. New York, NY: Facts on File.Google Scholar
Secor, D. T., 1965. Role of fluid pressure in jointing. American Journal of Science, 263, 633–646.Google Scholar
Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B. F., McNutt, S. R., Rymer, H., Stix, J. (eds.), 2000. Encylopedia of Volcanoes. New York, NY: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Tibaldi, A., 2001. Multiple sector collapses at Stromboli volcano, Italy: how they work. Bulletin of Volcanology, 63, 112–125.Google Scholar
Tibaldi, A., Corazzato, C., Apuani, T., Cancelli, A., 2003. Deformation at Stromboli volcano (Italy) revealed by rock mechanics and structural geology. Tectonophysics, 361, 187–204.Google Scholar
Tibaldi, A., Bistacchi, A., Pasquare, F. A., Vezzoli, L., 2006. Extensional tectonics and volcano lateral collapses: insights from Ollague volcano (Chile–Bolivia) and analogue modelling. Terra Nova, 18, 282–289.Google Scholar
Williams, H., McBirney, A. R., 1979. Volcanology. San Francisco, CA: Freeman.Google Scholar
Wright, T. J., Sigmundsson, F., Pagli, C., et al., 2012. Geophysical constraints on the dynamics of spreading centres from rifting episodes on land. Nature Geoscience, 5, 250.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×