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7 - Behavioral and psychiatric disorder in velo-cardio-facial syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2009

By
Angela F. Stevens  and
Kieran C. Murphy
Edited by
Kieran C. Murphy  and
Peter J. Scambler
Angela F. Stevens
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
Kieran C. Murphy
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Kieran C. Murphy
Affiliation:
Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland
Peter J. Scambler
Affiliation:
Institute of Child Health, University College London
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Summary

In their earliest description of velo-cardio-facial syndrome, Shprintzen et al. (1978) reported “A new syndrome involving cleft palate, cardiac anomalies, typical facies and learning disabilities.” Therefore, in addition to the physical abnormalities described in previous chapters, the brain is also very commonly involved in VCFS and this involvement was recognized in some of the earliest descriptions of this syndrome. In Chapter 8, Campbell and Swillen discuss how such involvement leads to characteristic cognitive profiles in VCFS while in Chapter 9, Eliez and van Amelsvoort discuss the brain structural abnormalities observed using magnetic resonance imaging in children and adults with VCFS. In this chapter, we will discuss another component of the behavioral phenotype in VCFS, namely, the high rates of behavioral and psychiatric disorder seen in VCFS children and adults.

Behavioral and psychiatric disorder in children with VCFS

There have been relatively few studies of behavioral and psychiatric disorder in children or adults with VCFS. Moreover, many are confounded by methodological constraints including lack of operational criteria for psychiatric diagnosis, sample heterogeneity (with children and adults included in the same sample), small sample size, and lack of control groups. Nevertheless, several common behavioral and temperamental features have been reported in studies of children and adolescents with VCFS. These include a stereotypic personality with poor social interaction (quantitatively and qualitatively), a bland affect with minimal facial expression and extremes of behavior, notably uninhibited and impulsive or serious and shy (Golding-Kushner et al., 1985; Swillen et al., 1997).

Keywords

behavioral disorderbehavioral modification techniquebehavioral phenotypepsychiatric disorderschizophreniavelo-cardio-facial syndrome
Type
Chapter
Information
Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome
A Model for Understanding Microdeletion Disorders
 , pp. 135 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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