The Epilogue suggests that slavery was still a reality for thousands of people at the start of the eighteenth century. However, the Afro-Poblano families of the seventeenth century eroded the pillars of slaveholder power in an irreversible manner by 1700. Through free birth, multiracial alliances, and investment in the local parish and market, Afro-Poblanos effectively contested the boundaries of their enslavement in the city. However, far more research needs to be done to properly understand African and Asian participation in the city's confraternities. Future research is also needed to properly link the urban families with their rural counterparts in Izúcar, Chietla, Tehuacán and Córdoba.