This chapter provides a very brief sketch of the patterns of culture, lifestyle, and social organization of the Turkic-speaking groups. No single cultural framework unites the whole of Turcia. The groups represent highly different stages of cultural and economic development, modernization, urbanization, dependency on dominant societies, etc. Elements of a common cultural heritage can, however, be found in traditional oral literature and certain folk traditions (Johanson 1988b, 2006a).