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14 - Comparative structure, pattern, and tree traits of laurel cloud forests in Anaga, northern Tenerife (Canary Islands) and in lauro-fagaceous forests of central Japan

from Part II - Regional floristic and animal diversity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2011

By
M. Ohsawa ,
T. Shumiya ,
I. Nitta ,
W. Wildpret  and
M. del Arco
Edited by
L. A. Bruijnzeel ,
F. N. Scatena  and
L. S. Hamilton
M. Ohsawa
Affiliation:
The University of Tokyo, Japan
T. Shumiya
Affiliation:
The Nature Conservation Society of Japan, Japan
I. Nitta
Affiliation:
The University of Tokyo, Japan
W. Wildpret
Affiliation:
Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
M. del Arco
Affiliation:
University of La Laguna, Spain
L. A. Bruijnzeel
Affiliation:
Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
F. N. Scatena
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
L. S. Hamilton
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

ABSTRACT

The evergreen broad-leaved (laurel) forest of the Canary Islands consists of species that in nearby central and southern Europe are found only as fossil remains. However, most of the evergreen tree species making up this Tertiary relic forest, have vicarious species in (South-) East Asian sub-tropical to warm-temperate rain forests, for example in southern Japan. The present study compares the eco-morphology of trees, species distribution, and community structure of the laurel cloud forests in Anaga, north-eastern Tenerife (Canary Islands), with the sub-tropical to warm-temperate rain forests in Kiyosumi, central Japan. It is shown that the Anaga forests still keep less-specialized morphologic tree traits common to the tropics such as hypsophyllary buds and sylleptic branching, while the East Asian Kiyosumi forests exhibit special adaptations to strong seasonality in temperature (colder and longer winters), such as deciduousness, scaled buds, and proleptic branching.

INTRODUCTION

The sub-tropical/warm-temperate rain forest, which constitutes the latitudinal equivalent of tropical mountain evergreen broad-leaved rain forest at latitudes up to 30–40° in both the northern and southern hemispheres, is fragmented and limited in areal extent to the eastern parts of the major continents (e.g. East Asia, south-eastern USA, Atlantic rain forest in south America, and coastal rain forests in Australia). This pattern is thought to reflect the extinction of these forests in other parts of the continents due to seasonal shortage of soil water under dry sub-tropical conditions, and the location of the critical isotherm of 0 °C (mean temperature of the coldest month; Walter, 1985; Ohsawa, 1995).

Type
Chapter
Information
Tropical Montane Cloud Forests
Science for Conservation and Management
 , pp. 147 - 155
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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