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13 - Babesiosis of cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 August 2009

By
R. E. Bock ,
L. A. Jackson ,
A. J. De Vos  and
W. K. Jorgensen
Edited by
Alan S. Bowman  and
Patricia A. Nuttall
R. E. Bock
Affiliation:
Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia
L. A. Jackson
Affiliation:
Animal Research Institute Biosecurity Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia
A. J. De Vos
Affiliation:
Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia
W. K. Jorgensen
Affiliation:
Animal Research Institute Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia
Alan S. Bowman
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen
Patricia A. Nuttall
Affiliation:
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Swindon
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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Babesiosis (also known as tick fever or cattle fever) is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites of the genus Babesia that infect a wide range of domestic and wild animals, and occasionally humans. The disease is tick-transmitted and distributed worldwide. Economically, tick fever is the most important arthropod-borne disease of cattle, with vast areas of Australia, Africa, South and Central America and the United States continuously under threat. Tick fever was the first disease for which transmission by an arthropod to a mammal was implicated at the turn of the twentieth century, and is the first disease to be eradicated from a continent (North America). This review describes the biology of Babesia spp. in the host and the tick, the scale of the problem to the cattle industry, the various components of control programmes, epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunity, vaccination and future research. The emphasis is on Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina, the two most important species infecting cattle.

Babes (1888) investigated disease outbreaks causing haemoglobinuria in cattle in Romania in 1888 and was the first to describe piroplasms in the blood of cattle. He believed it to be a bacterium and named it Haematococcus bovis (Angus, 1996). Shortly afterwards investigations by Smith and Kilborne (1893) in the United States of America demonstrated the causative organism of ‘Texas Fever’ (babesiosis), which they called Pyrosoma bigeminum (= Babesia bigemina).

Type
Chapter
Information
Ticks
Biology, Disease and Control
 , pp. 281 - 307
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Babesiosis of cattle
    • By R. E. Bock, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, L. A. Jackson, Animal Research Institute Biosecurity Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia, A. J. De Vos, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, W. K. Jorgensen, Animal Research Institute Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia
  • Edited by Alan S. Bowman, University of Aberdeen, Patricia A. Nuttall
  • Book: Ticks
  • Online publication: 21 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551802.014
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  • Babesiosis of cattle
    • By R. E. Bock, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, L. A. Jackson, Animal Research Institute Biosecurity Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia, A. J. De Vos, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, W. K. Jorgensen, Animal Research Institute Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia
  • Edited by Alan S. Bowman, University of Aberdeen, Patricia A. Nuttall
  • Book: Ticks
  • Online publication: 21 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551802.014
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  • Babesiosis of cattle
    • By R. E. Bock, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, L. A. Jackson, Animal Research Institute Biosecurity Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia, A. J. De Vos, Tick Fever Centre Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Department of Primary Industries Fisheries 280 Grindle Road Wacol Qld 4076 Australia, W. K. Jorgensen, Animal Research Institute Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Locked Mail Bag No. 4 Moorooka Qld 4105 Australia
  • Edited by Alan S. Bowman, University of Aberdeen, Patricia A. Nuttall
  • Book: Ticks
  • Online publication: 21 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551802.014
Available formats
×