Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- List of abbreviations
- Foreword
- Preface
- Introduction
- Part I Scientific basis of pediatric HIV care
- Part II General issues in the care of pediatric HIV patients
- 7 Diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in children
- 8 Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
- 9 Routine pediatric care
- 10 Immunizations
- 11 Prevention of opportunistic infections and other infectious complications of HIV in children
- 12 Emergency evaluation and care
- 13 Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in children and youth
- 14 Adolescents and HIV
- 15 Adolescent reproductive health and HIV
- 16 Growth, nutrition, and metabolism
- 17 Neurobehavioral function and assessment of children and adolescents with HIV-1 infection
- Part III Antiretroviral therapy
- Part IV Clinical manifestations of HIV infection in children
- Part V Infectious problems in pediatric HIV disease
- Part VI Medical, social, and legal issues
- Appendices
- Index
- Plate section
- References
9 - Routine pediatric care
from Part II - General issues in the care of pediatric HIV patients
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 February 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- List of abbreviations
- Foreword
- Preface
- Introduction
- Part I Scientific basis of pediatric HIV care
- Part II General issues in the care of pediatric HIV patients
- 7 Diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in children
- 8 Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
- 9 Routine pediatric care
- 10 Immunizations
- 11 Prevention of opportunistic infections and other infectious complications of HIV in children
- 12 Emergency evaluation and care
- 13 Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in children and youth
- 14 Adolescents and HIV
- 15 Adolescent reproductive health and HIV
- 16 Growth, nutrition, and metabolism
- 17 Neurobehavioral function and assessment of children and adolescents with HIV-1 infection
- Part III Antiretroviral therapy
- Part IV Clinical manifestations of HIV infection in children
- Part V Infectious problems in pediatric HIV disease
- Part VI Medical, social, and legal issues
- Appendices
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Introduction
HIV is a chronic illness with diverse clinical manifestations and psychosocial challenges. The routine care of HIV-infected children demands a dedicated multidisciplinary approach from a variety of health care professionals including medical subspecialists, nurses, psychiatrists, psychologists, dentists, social workers, and case managers. The HIV primary care provider, while ensuring health maintenance and preventing disease, must serve as the coordinator of an array of services crucial to the management of these children in the context of the family. There are important management considerations that are essential to the care of both children who are exposed to HIV but determined to be uninfected and children with HIV infection.
Care of the HIV-exposed infant
Routine care for the infant born to an HIV-infected mother should begin well before the infant's birth. Pediatric providers should collaborate with the mother's primary care providers to minimize the risk of HIV transmission. Care of the infant after birth includes continued interventions to reduce the risk of HIV infection, as well as HIV diagnostic evaluations and routine infant care (Table 9.1). Care of the HIV-exposed newborn in the hospital begins with a thorough maternal history, including HIV disease status (HIV RNA concentration (viral load), CD4+ lymphocyte count, and HIV-related complications), receipt of interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission (e.g. antiretroviral prophylaxis, cesarean section delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes), and history of other infections (e.g. syphilis, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, gonorrhea, or tuberculosis).
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Textbook of Pediatric HIV Care , pp. 134 - 144Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2005