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6 - The epidemiology of pediatric HIV disease

from Part I - Scientific basis of pediatric HIV care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 February 2010

By
Mary Lou Lindegren ,
Teresa Hammett  and
Marc Bulterys
Edited by
Steven L. Zeichner  and
Jennifer S. Read
Mary Lou Lindegren
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Teresa Hammett
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Marc Bulterys
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Steven L. Zeichner
Affiliation:
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Jennifer S. Read
Affiliation:
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Summary

Introduction

Worldwide, an estimated 2.1 million children were living with HIV infection, and an estimated 2000 new infections in children occurred each day, during 2003 [1]. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV represents the most common means by which children become infected with HIV. In the new millennium, the challenge is to reduce missed opportunities for prevention of transmission of HIV to children in the US and other resource-rich settings, and at the same time to extend the benefits of recent advances in prevention of pediatric HIV infection to resource-poor settings. This chapter will review the current epidemiology of HIV infection in children in the US, and briefly review the growing worldwide impact of HIV on children.

HIV/AIDS among children in the USA

HIV infection and AIDS reporting

Through June 2001, 8994 US children with AIDS were reported to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from all 50 states, Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and the US Virgin Islands (Table 6.1) [2]. Fifty-six percent of all cases were reported from only four states: New York (25%), Florida (16%), New Jersey (8%), and California (7%). The majority of AIDS cases (91%) and virtually all new HIV infections resulted from MTCT. Seven percent (7%) of children with AIDS acquired their infection through receipt of contaminated blood or blood products.

Type
Chapter
Information
Textbook of Pediatric HIV Care , pp. 84 - 102
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

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Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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