Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T14:46:25.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 4 - Milk of Amnesia

Propofol for TIVA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2019

Michael G. Irwin
Affiliation:
The University of Hong Kong
Gordon T. C. Wong
Affiliation:
The University of Hong Kong
Shuk Wan Lam
Affiliation:
The University of Hong Kong
Get access

Summary

Currently, propofol, while not perfect, has the most suitable PD and PK characteristics suitable for TIVA. Even for the unenlightened the drug is well established as an induction agent, so it is very likely that you will already have some experience of its use – but this chapter will further elucidate this fascinating drug.

Type
Chapter
Information
Taking on TIVA
Debunking Myths and Dispelling Misunderstandings
, pp. 22 - 30
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baker, M.T., Naguib, M.. Propofol: the challenges of formulation. Anesthesiology 2005; 103: 860–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Briggs, L.P., Clarke, R.S., Watkins, J.. An adverse reaction to the administration of disoprofol (Diprivan). Anaesthesia 1982; 37: 1099–101.Google Scholar
Cummings, G.C., Dixon, J., Kay, N.H., et al. Dose requirements of ICI 35,868 (propofol, ‘Diprivan’) in a new formulation for induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1984; 39: 1168–71.Google Scholar
Krasowski, M.D., Jenkins, A., Flood, P., Kung, A.Y., Hopfinger, A.J., Harrison, N.L.. General anesthetic potencies of a series of propofol analogs correlate with potency for potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) current at the GABA(A) receptor but not with lipid solubility. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 297: 338–51.Google Scholar
Ruesch, D., Neumann, E., Wulf, H., Forman, S.A.. An allosteric coagonist model for propofol effects on alpha1beta2gamma2L gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 4755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simon, J., Wakimoto, H., Fujita, N., Lalande, M., Barnard, E.A.. Analysis of the set of GABA(A) receptor genes in the human genome. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 41422–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krasowski, M.D., Nishikawa, K., Nikolaeva, N., Lin, A., Harrison, N.L.. Methionine 286 in transmembrane domain 3 of the GABAA receptor beta subunit controls a binding cavity for propofol and other alkylphenol general anesthetics. Neuropharmacology 2001; 41: 952–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lingamaneni, R., Birch, M.L., Hemmings, H.C. Jr. Widespread inhibition of sodium channel-dependent glutamate release from isolated nerve terminals by isoflurane and propofol. Anesthesiology 2001; 95: 1460–6.Google Scholar
Ying, S.W., Abbas, S.Y., Harrison, N.L., Goldstein, P.A.. Propofol block of I(h) contributes to the suppression of neuronal excitability and rhythmic burst firing in thalamocortical neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 23: 465–80.Google Scholar
Takizawa, D., Hiraoka, H., Goto, F., Yamamoto, K., Horiuchi, R.. Human kidneys play an important role in the elimination of propofol. Anesthesiology 2005; 102: 327–30.Google Scholar
Chen, T.L., Ueng, T.H., Chen, S.H., Lee, P.H., Fan, S.Z., Liu, C.C.. Human cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase system is suppressed by propofol. Br J Anaesth 1995; 74: 558–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, H.B., Choi, S.W., Wong, G.T., Irwin, M.G.. The effect of remifentanil on propofol requirements to achieve loss of response to command vs. loss of response to pain. Anaesthesia 2017; 72: 479–87.Google Scholar
Schuttler, J., Ihmsen, H.. Population pharmacokinetics of propofol: a multicenter study. Anesthesiology 2000; 92: 727–38.Google Scholar
Hughes, M.A., Glass, P.S., Jacobs, J.R.. Context-sensitive half-time in multicompartment pharmacokinetic models for intravenous anesthetic drugs. Anesthesiology 1992; 76: 334–41.Google Scholar
Kirkpatrick, T., Cockshott, I.D., Douglas, E.J., Nimmo, W.S.. Pharmacokinetics of propofol (diprivan) in elderly patients. Br J Anaesth 1988; 60: 146–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murat, I., Billard, V., Vernois, J., et al. Pharmacokinetics of propofol after a single dose in children aged 1–3 years with minor burns. Comparison of three data analysis approaches. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 526–32.Google Scholar
Servin, F., Desmonts, J.M., Haberer, J.P., Cockshott, I.D., Plummer, G.F., Farinotti, R.. Pharmacokinetics and protein binding of propofol in patients with cirrhosis. Anesthesiology 1988; 69: 887–91.Google Scholar
Ickx, B., Cockshott, I.D., Barvais, L., et al. Propofol infusion for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in patients with end-stage renal disease. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81: 854–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dong, D., Peng, X., Liu, J., Qian, H., Li, J., Wu, B.. Morbid obesity alters both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol: dosing recommendation for anesthesia induction. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44: 1579–83.Google Scholar
Liu, X., Lauer, K.K., Ward, B.D., Li, S.J., Hudetz, A.G.. Differential effects of deep sedation with propofol on the specific and nonspecific thalamocortical systems: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Anesthesiology 2013; 118: 5969.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, U., Ku, S., Noh, G., Baek, S., Choi, B., Mashour, G.A.. Disruption of frontal-parietal communication by ketamine, propofol, and sevoflurane. Anesthesiology 2013; 118: 1264–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, M., Scheinost, D., Ramani, R., Constable, R.T.. Multi-modal analysis of functional connectivity and cerebral blood flow reveals shared and unique effects of propofol in large-scale brain networks. Neuroimage 2017; 148: 130–40.Google Scholar
Pryor, K.O., Reinsel, R.A., Mehta, M., Li, Y., Wixted, J.T., Veselis, R.A.. Visual P2-N2 complex and arousal at the time of encoding predict the time domain characteristics of amnesia for multiple intravenous anesthetic drugs in humans. Anesthesiology 2010; 113: 313–26.Google Scholar
Pryor, K.O., Root, J.C., Mehta, M., et al. Effect of propofol on the medial temporal lobe emotional memory system: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in human subjects. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115 Suppl 1: i104i13.Google Scholar
Kaisti, K.K., Langsjo, J.W., Aalto, S., et al. Effects of sevoflurane, propofol, and adjunct nitrous oxide on regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and blood volume in humans. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 603–13.Google Scholar
Petersen, K.D., Landsfeldt, U., Cold, G.E., et al. Intracranial pressure and cerebral hemodynamic in patients with cerebral tumors: a randomized prospective study of patients subjected to craniotomy in propofol-fentanyl, isoflurane-fentanyl, or sevoflurane-fentanyl anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2003; 98: 329–36.Google Scholar
Liu, E.H., Wong, H.K., Chia, C.P., Lim, H.J., Chen, Z.Y., Lee, T.L.. Effects of isoflurane and propofol on cortical somatosensory evoked potentials during comparable depth of anaesthesia as guided by bispectral index. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94: 193–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Macdonald, D.B., Skinner, S., Shils, J., Yingling, C.. Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring: a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. Clin Neurophysiol 2013; 124: 2291–316.Google Scholar
San-juan, D., Chiappa, K.H., Cole, A.J.. Propofol and the electroencephalogram. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 121: 9981006.Google Scholar
Engelhard, K., Werner, C., Eberspacher, E., et al. Influence of propofol on neuronal damage and apoptotic factors after incomplete cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats: a long-term observation. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: 912–17.Google Scholar
Roach, G.W., Newman, M.F., Murkin, J.M., et al. Ineffectiveness of burst suppression therapy in mitigating perioperative cerebrovascular dysfunction. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. Anesthesiology 1999; 90: 1255–64.Google Scholar
Boer, F., Ros, P., Bovill, J.G., van Brummelen, P., van der Krogt, J.. Effect of propofol on peripheral vascular resistance during cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Anaesth 1990; 65: 184–9.Google Scholar
Green, D.W.. Cardiac output decrease and propofol: what is the mechanism? Br J Anaesth 2015; 114: 163–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sato, M., Tanaka, M., Umehara, S., Nishikawa, T.. Baroreflex control of heart rate during and after propofol infusion in humans. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94: 577–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Larsen, R., Rathgeber, J., Bagdahn, A., Lange, H., Rieke, H.. Effects of propofol on cardiovascular dynamics and coronary blood flow in geriatric patients. A comparison with etomidate. Anaesthesia 1988; 43 Suppl: 2531.Google Scholar
Xia, Z., Huang, Z., Ansley, D.M.. Large-dose propofol during cardiopulmonary bypass decreases biochemical markers of myocardial injury in coronary surgery patients: a comparison with isoflurane. Anesth Analg 2006; 103: 527–32.Google Scholar
Ansley, D.M., Raedschelders, K., Choi, P.T., Wang, B., Cook, R.C., Chen, D.D.. Propofol cardioprotection for on-pump aortocoronary bypass surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (PRO-TECT II): a phase 2 randomized-controlled trial. Can J Anaesth 2016; 63: 442–53.Google Scholar
Sayed, S., Idriss, N.K., Sayyedf, H.G., et al. Effects of propofol and isoflurane on haemodynamics and the inflammatory response in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Br J Biomed Sci 2015; 72: 93101.Google Scholar
Jakobsen, C.J., Berg, H., Hindsholm, K.B., Faddy, N., Sloth, E.. The influence of propofol versus sevoflurane anesthesia on outcome in 10,535 cardiac surgical procedures. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2007; 21: 664–71.Google Scholar
Nieuwenhuijs, D., Sarton, E., Teppema, L., Dahan, A.. Propofol for monitored anesthesia care: implications on hypoxic control of cardiorespiratory responses. Anesthesiology 2000; 92: 4654.Google Scholar
Nieuwenhuijs, D., Sarton, E., Teppema, L.J., et al. Respiratory sites of action of propofol: absence of depression of peripheral chemoreflex loop by low-dose propofol. Anesthesiology 2001; 95: 889–95.Google Scholar
Goodman, N.W., Black, A.M., Carter, J.A.. Some ventilatory effects of propofol as sole anaesthetic agent. Br J Anaesth 1987; 59: 1497–503.Google Scholar
Gupta, A., Stierer, T., Zuckerman, R., Sakima, N., Parker, S.D., Fleisher, L.A.. Comparison of recovery profile after ambulatory anesthesia with propofol, isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane: a systematic review. Anesth Analg 2004; 98: 632–41, table of contents.Google Scholar
Unlugenc, H., Guler, T., Gunes, Y., Isik, G.. Comparative study of the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron, propofol and midazolam in the early postoperative period. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2004; 21: 60–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bennett, S.N., McNeil, M.M., Bland, L.A., et al. Postoperative infections traced to contamination of an intravenous anesthetic, propofol. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 147–54.Google Scholar
Wachowski, I., Jolly, D.T., Hrazdil, J., Galbraith, J.C., Greacen, M., Clanachan, A.S.. The growth of microorganisms in propofol and mixtures of propofol and lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1999; 88: 209–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, I.T., Hannallah, R.S., Goodale, D.B.. The clinical and biochemical effects of propofol infusion with and without EDTA for maintenance anesthesia in healthy children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg 2001; 93: 106–11.Google Scholar
FDA. Information for Healthcare Professionals: Propofol (marketed as Diprivan and as generic products). www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm125817.htm [Accessed 20 January 2016].Google Scholar
Asserhoj, L.L., Mosbech, H., Kroigaard, M., Garvey, L.H.. No evidence for contraindications to the use of propofol in adults allergic to egg, soy or peanut. Br J Anaesth 2016; 116: 7782.Google Scholar
Molina-Infante, J., Arias, A., Vara-Brenes, D., et al. Propofol administration is safe in adult eosinophilic esophagitis patients sensitized to egg, soy, or peanut. Allergy 2014; 69: 388–94.Google Scholar
Murphy, A., Campbell, D.E., Baines, D., Mehr, S.. Allergic reactions to propofol in egg-allergic children. Anesth Analg 2011; 113: 140–4.Google Scholar
Devlin, J.W., Lau, A.K., Tanios, M.A.. Propofol-associated hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis in the intensive care unit: an analysis of frequency and risk factors. Pharmacotherapy 2005; 25: 1348–52.Google Scholar
Devaud, J.C., Berger, M.M., Pannatier, A., et al. Hypertriglyceridemia: a potential side effect of propofol sedation in critical illness. Intensive Care Med 2012; 38: 1990–8.Google Scholar
Myles, P.S., Buckland, M.R., Morgan, D.J., Weeks, A.M.. Serum lipid and glucose concentrations with a propofol infusion for cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1995; 9: 373–8.Google Scholar
Leisure, G.S., O’Flaherty, J., Green, L., Jones, D.R.. Propofol and postoperative pancreatitis. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 224–7.Google Scholar
Li, N., Tieng, A., Novak, S., et al. Effects of medications on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2010; 10: 238–42.Google Scholar
Cremer, O.L., Moons, K.G., Bouman, E.A., Kruijswijk, J.E., de Smet, A.M., Kalkman, C.J.. Long-term propofol infusion and cardiac failure in adult head-injured patients. Lancet 2001; 357: 117–18.Google Scholar
Krajcova, A., Waldauf, P., Andel, M., Duska, F.. Propofol infusion syndrome: a structured review of experimental studies and 153 published case reports. Crit Care 2015; 19: 398.Google Scholar
Vanlander, A.V., Okun, J.G., de Jaeger, A., et al. Possible pathogenic mechanism of propofol infusion syndrome involves coenzyme q. Anesthesiology 2015; 122: 343–52.Google Scholar
Wolf, A., Weir, P., Segar, P., Stone, J., Shield, J.. Impaired fatty acid oxidation in propofol infusion syndrome. Lancet 2001; 357: 606–7.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×