The purpose of this appendix is to explain how particular missing endpoint values were estimated in Tables 2.1-2.6.

NOx and SOx

Missing values in 1975 were estimated based on average changes in the other countries in the period 1970–75 or 1975–80 (-1.9% for SOx in 1975 and -15.7% in 1970 and 18.7% for NOx). Missing values for 1970 were not considered for NOx because there were a large number of missing values (six) and no country (with data) experienced a decline in the period.

Waste

Values for Canada, Finland, and the Netherlands in 1975 were estimated based on the per capita growth in private consumption between 1975 and 1980 (Christiansen and Fischer 1999).

Denmark Data reported by the OECD for Danish waste generation in 1995 (560 kg/person) are based on a new estimation methodology and appear higher than the level reported for 1985 (480 kg/person). However, studies based on the new methodology (Andersen 1999a) indicate that waste generation fell considerably between 1987 and 1996 (due in part to a new waste tax enacted in the late 1980s and expanded in the early 1990s). The waste level reported for 1995 in Table 2.3 uses the old series (1985 value) as the base and the index of change (1987–96) calculated by Andersen. This produces a value for 1995 that is consistent with the rest of the series.

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom introduced both a new method of counting waste and a new aggregation unit in 1995.