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Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2025

Edited by
Jorge L. Contreras
Jorge L. Contreras
Affiliation:
University of Utah
Type
Chapter
Information
Sub-patent Innovation Rights
Utility Models, Petty Patents and Innovation Patents Around the World
 , pp. 447 - 450
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NC
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Index

abolition, 190–191, 193–198, 212, 226, 331
African Intellectual Property Assn (OAPI), 6
African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO), 6, 256, 260–261, 393, 397
AI-generated inventions, 401
Andean Community, 5
anti-commons, 272–273
Apple, 192
Argentina, 28
ASEAN, 21, 393
Australia, xv, 3, 8–10, 12, 14, 16, 18–19, 21–22, 25, 28, 78, 146, 171–199, 319–320, 331, 341–342, 359, 388, 392, 394–395, 398
Austria, 28, 153, 286, 292, 320, 333–334, 348, 351, 356, 358, 377, 379, 383–384
Belgium, 3, 286, 295, 331, 348, 379, 384, 386
Biotechnology Directive, EU, 287, 292, 295
Brazil, 18, 22, 28, 241, 243, 245–246, 248–249, 251–253, 320, 377, 384
Bulgaria, 28, 286, 320, 348, 354, 377, 384
Canada, 19–20, 172, 183, 396
Chile, 28
China, 1, 3, 9, 11, 14, 16–17, 21–23, 25–27, 103, 146, 151, 160, 200–216, 236, 246, 266, 313, 315, 317–322, 334, 336–337, 339, 377, 379–383, 385–386, 395–398, 401
Colombia, 28, 320, 377
compulsory licensing, 225
copyright, 265–266, 348, 371
Costa Rica, 28
Croatia, 286
Czech Republic, 22, 28, 292, 334
database protection, 16
Denmark, 7, 9, 12, 16, 18, 28, 86–98, 148, 153, 286, 292, 299, 317, 320, 333, 348, 356
design patents, 262–265, 270, 310, 341
drawings, 50
Estonia, 28, 286
EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO), 285–286
EU IP Enforcement Directive, 17, 295, 351–352, 366–367
European Patent Convention (EPC), 112, 123–124, 126, 128, 148, 151, 153–155, 166, 170, 282–285, 287–289, 293, 296–297, 355, 357, 359
European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO), 148, 150, 285–286, 305, 362
evergreening, 277
Finland, 3, 11, 18, 27, 144–170, 286, 315, 317, 319–320, 333–334, 348, 356, 379, 382–383
Ford Motor Company, 14, 26, 328
France, 3, 9, 18, 21–22, 28, 78, 99–108, 132, 142, 246, 266, 286–287, 292, 301, 314, 317, 319–320, 332–334, 348–349, 351, 356, 379, 381–384, 392
Germany, 1–3, 7, 9–10, 13–14, 16, 18, 21–23, 25–27, 31, 78–79, 107, 109–116, 119–120, 129–131, 142, 146, 148, 151–152, 160, 175, 180, 224–227, 233, 236, 246, 258, 266–267, 286–287, 292, 299–302, 313, 317–324, 332–334, 339, 347, 349, 351–352, 356–358, 368, 377, 379, 381–383, 392–398
Greece, 28, 286
harmonization of laws, xvii, 3, 5, 16, 124, 167, 175, 325–326, 329–343, 347–372
Hong Kong, 22–23, 26, 28
Huawei, 315–316
Hungary, 28, 286, 317, 320, 348
Iceland, 148
India, 3, 19, 331, 399
Indonesia, 22–23
innovation, incremental, 137–138, 389
Intel, 315–317
Interdigital, 14, 316
InterDigital, 314–317, 321, 328
Ireland, 286
Italy, 3, 9, 16, 18, 21–23, 26, 28, 78, 117–128, 286–287, 292, 295, 301–302, 320, 324, 332–334, 349, 377, 379, 382–385, 392
Japan, 2–3, 9, 11, 15, 18, 21–23, 25–28, 78, 130, 138, 142, 146, 175–176, 180, 212, 217–232, 234, 236, 246, 266, 289, 313, 315, 317–319, 326, 332, 377, 391–393, 396
Kenya, 255–261, 397
Korea, 3, 11, 15, 18, 21–23, 25–27, 138, 146, 212, 232–235, 237–238, 266, 313, 315, 317–319, 377, 384, 392–393, 396
legal transplants, 202, 393, 398
liability rules, 268–269, 390
local industry, 11, 14–15, 259, 391, 397, 399–400
low-income economies, 15, 359, 399, 401–402
Luxembourg, xiii, 20, 150, 286, 348
Malaysia, 21
Mexico, 20–22, 28
Microsoft, 192
Moldova, 28
national treatment, 4, 17, 138, 203, 226, 288, 393
Netherlands, 3, 9, 27, 146, 151, 286, 319, 331, 348, 379, 384, 386
New Zealand, 331
non-practicing entities (NPEs), 276
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 20
Norway, 148
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, xv, xvii, 3–4, 14, 17, 20, 75, 94, 97, 138, 203, 223, 226, 240, 284, 288–289, 348, 392–393, 399
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), 5, 93–94, 112, 134, 240, 255, 259, 284, 288–289, 336, 343
patent quality, 381
Patent Strength, 378
patent thicket, 48, 139, 143, 194, 273
Peru, 28
Philippines, 22–23, 28
plant breeder rights, 12
plant protection, 265, 268
Poland, xviii, 2, 4–5, 11, 18, 22–23, 28, 129–143, 286–287, 320, 333, 348, 351, 377, 384
Portugal, 28, 286, 377
registered design, xv
Reichman, Jerome, 12–13, 267–268, 371
Romania, 28, 286
Russia, 14, 22, 25, 27, 151, 319, 377, 396
Samsung, 14, 315–317, 321, 328
Segway, 28
semiconductor topographies, 16, 246, 264, 268
Siemens, 14, 26
Singapore, xiii, 21, 172, 396
Slovakia, 28, 286
Slovenia, 286
small and medium enterprises (SMEs), 1, 7, 11, 13–14, 87, 133–136, 143–145, 147, 160, 174, 179, 190, 193–198, 227–228, 246, 266, 269, 274–277, 299, 348, 350, 355–356, 358, 362, 369–371, 388, 390–391, 394–396, 400
Spain, 22–23, 28, 286–287, 320, 333, 348–349, 361, 377, 400
standards essential patents, utility models as, 16, 352
Suthersanen, Uma, 4, 13, 15, 17, 21
Sweden, 14, 21, 148, 150–151, 286, 300, 315, 348, 396
Switzerland, 116, 246
Taiwan, 11, 19, 21–22, 25–26, 28, 103, 236, 313, 315, 317–318, 320, 377
Technovation, 256
Thailand, 22–23, 28
Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) Agreement, 4, 14, 17, 20, 138, 145, 151, 203, 209, 240, 255, 330, 343, 348, 353, 377, 389, 392
trade secrets, 12, 241, 281, 307, 331, 347
traditional knowledge, 400
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), 283–284, 288, 347, 360–362, 364, 371
Turkey, 22–23, 28
Ukraine, 22–23, 25, 28, 314, 320, 377, 396
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), 6, 401–402
Unified Patent Court (UPC), 125–126, 150, 281–307, 351
United Kingdom, 2, 5, 13, 17, 19, 31–85, 109, 150, 172, 174, 246, 255, 300, 303–304, 326, 349–351, 357, 388, 395–396
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), 15
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 6
United States, 3, 12–13, 16, 18–21, 25–26, 78, 151, 183, 185, 202, 211, 236, 238, 260–278, 334, 336, 341, 371, 389, 396
US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), 20
utility models
abolition, 3, 124
branching off, 9–10, 16, 86, 97–98, 112–113, 283, 298–300, 306, 356
challenges to validity, 376, 379
conversion to patents, 9, 106–107, 123, 208–209, 221, 224, 226, 236, 245, 258, 298, 300
converstion to patents, 289
cost to obtain, 1, 15–16, 36, 87, 102, 113, 115, 166, 179, 195, 204, 219, 235, 249, 263, 266–267, 270, 274, 283, 299–300, 327, 341, 348, 355–356, 362, 376, 385
criminal penalties, 222, 252–253
duration, 95, 102, 131, 151, 177, 179, 181, 204, 218, 222, 225, 228–229, 231, 245, 257, 270, 299, 377
enforcement, 9–10, 103–106, 114–115, 187–188, 218, 222, 238–239, 251–253, 260, 322, 324–325, 337
examination, 8, 93–94, 102, 111, 131–133, 141–142, 151, 179, 181, 203, 205, 213–214, 218–219, 221, 224, 228, 231, 234–235, 257, 270, 375–376, 379, 383–384
fees, 94, 102, 113, 219, 235, 244, 299, 373, 376, 385–386
grace period, 112
industrial application, 88, 100, 103, 116, 131–132, 140–142, 234, 243, 375
injunctions, 96–97, 106, 114, 222, 238
inventiveness, 88, 110–111, 119, 132, 141, 151, 181, 186–187, 203–204, 207, 213–215, 218, 221, 224, 226, 231, 234, 243–245, 257, 357–359, 375, 379, 381–383
key performance indicators (KPIs), 21, 146–147
licensing, 104, 135, 223
litigation of, 26
methods, 89
nonobviousness, 8, 88–89, 100, 107, 119, 132, 152, 193, 214–215, 233, 235, 238, 243, 245, 270–272, 274, 277, 358, 375, 389
novelty, 8, 88, 119, 131–132, 136–137, 140, 205, 218, 224, 234, 244, 257, 270, 375, 379, 381
presumption of validity, 8, 257, 269–270
prior use, 187
research report, 100, 375, 383
royalties, 14, 16, 68, 105, 139, 238, 323, 325–327, 368, 371, 394
speed to obtain, 1, 36, 77, 328, 335, 337, 356–357
subject matter, 12, 88, 90–93, 110, 118, 137, 140, 162–165, 180, 182–186, 199, 218–219, 230–231, 233, 257–258, 320, 333, 339, 394
utility, 141
validity challenges, 8, 104, 113–114, 222, 225, 237–238, 249–251, 258, 320–322
vessel hull protection, 16, 265, 268
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), 21

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  • Index
  • Edited by Jorge L. Contreras, University of Utah
  • Book: Sub-patent Innovation Rights
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009478113.029
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  • Index
  • Edited by Jorge L. Contreras, University of Utah
  • Book: Sub-patent Innovation Rights
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009478113.029
Available formats
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  • Index
  • Edited by Jorge L. Contreras, University of Utah
  • Book: Sub-patent Innovation Rights
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009478113.029
Available formats
×