There is a moment in Michel Foucault's The Will to Knowledge (1976) that describes the creation of the homosexual in 1869:

This is not to say that men had not had sex with men prior to the late nineteenth century, but Foucault argued that such acts were not then seen as defining an individual's personal identity as homosexual, a term coined by Karl Maria Kertbeny in 1869. A number of sexual identities were described, defined and pathologised in the psychological, scientific and sociological press of the last third of the nineteenth century: a third sex (Karl Heinrich Ulrichs); an inborn constitutional abnormality (Henry Havelock Ellis); an inherited degeneracy, or a degeneracy caused by debauchery (Richard Krafft-Ebing); an intermediate sex (Magnus Hirschfeld and Edward Carpenter); a female psyche in a male body (Ulrichs); the next stage of evolution (Carpenter); or a failure to successfully navigate the Oedipus complex (Sigmund Freud).