Anderson, S. E., & Williams, L. J. (1992). Assumptions about unmeasured variables with studies of reciprocal relationships: The case of employee attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 638–650.Google Scholar

Aymerich-Franch, L. (2010). Presence and emotions in playing a group game in a virtual environment: The influence of body participation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13, 649–654.Google Scholar

Ayoko, O. (2007). Communication openness, conflict events and reactions to conflict in culturally diverse workgroups. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 14, 105–124.Google Scholar

Beldad, A., de Jong, M., & Steehouder, M. (2010). How shall I trust the faceless and the intangible? A literature review on the antecedents of online trust. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 857–869.Google Scholar

Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–606.Google Scholar

Biocca, F., Kim, J., & Choi, Y. (2001). Visual touch in virtual environments: An exploratory study of presence, multimodal interfaces, and cross-modal sensory illusions. Presence, 10, 247–265.Google Scholar

Brandon, D. P., & Hollingshead, A. B. (2004). Transactive memory systems in organizations: Matching tasks, expertise, and people. Organization Science, 15, 633–644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bubas, G., Radosevic, D., & Hutinski, Z. (2003). Assessment of computer mediated communication competence: Theory and application in an online environment. Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, 27, 53–71.Google Scholar

Charara, S. (2016, January 20). Virtual worlds reborn: Can Second Life's second life democratise VR? Retrieved from: www.wareable.com/vr/second-life-project-sansar-beta-2016Google Scholar

Cheek, J., & Briggs, S. (1982). Self-consciousness and aspects of identity. Journal of Research in Personality, 16, 401–408.Google Scholar

Cheng, X., & Macaulay, L. (2013). Exploring individual trust factors in computer mediated group collaboration: A case study approach. Group Decision and Negotiation, 23, 533–560.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Daft, R., & Lengel, R. (1986). Organizational information requirements, media richness, and structural design. Management Science, 32, 554–571.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

DeGrove, F., Courtois, C., & Van Looy, J. (2015). How to be a gamer! Exploring personal and social indicators of gamer identity. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20, 346–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

DeRosa, D. M., Hantula, D. A., Kock, N., & D'Arcy, J. (2004). Trust and leadership in virtual teamwork: A media naturalness perspective. Human Resource Management, 43, 219–232.Google Scholar

Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55, 34–43.Google Scholar

Downs, C., & Hazen, M. (1977). A factor analytic study of communication satisfaction. The Journal of Business Communication, 14, 64–73.Google Scholar

Erhardt, N., Martin-Rios, C., Gibbs, J., & Sherblom, J. (2016). Exploring affordances of email for team learning over time. Small Group Research, 47, 243–278.Google Scholar

Feng, J., Lazar, J., & Preece, J. (2004). Empathy and online interpersonal trust: A fragile relationship. Behaviour & Information Technology, 23, 97–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flowers, A., Gregson, K., & Trigilio, J. (2009, April). Web interaction from 2D to 3D: New dimensions in company-stakeholder communications in Second Life. Paper presented at the Eastern Communication Association convention, Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar

Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. New York, NY: Anchor.Google Scholar

Gottschalk, S. (2010). The presentation of avatars in Second Life: Self and interaction in social virtual spaces. Symbolic Interaction, 33, 501–525.Google Scholar

Green-Hamann, S., Eichhorn, K. C., & Sherblom, J. C. (2011). An exploration of why people participate in Second Life social support groups. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 16, 465–491.Google Scholar

Green-Hamann, S., & Sherblom, J. C. (2014). The influences of optimal matching and social capital on communicating support. Journal of Health Communication, 19, 1130–1144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hains, R. (2014). Group development in virtual teams: An experimental reexamination. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 213–222.Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.Google Scholar

Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76, 408–420.Google Scholar

Hayes, A. F., Slater, M. D., & Snyder, L. B. (2008). The SAGE sourcebook of advanced data analysis methods for communication research. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Hazel, M., Crandall, H. & Caputo, J. (2015). The influence of instructor social presence and student academic entitlement on teacher misbehaviors in online courses. Southern Communication Journal, 79, 311–326.Google Scholar

Hecht, M. (1978). The conceptualization and measurement of interpersonal communication satisfaction. Human Communication Research, 4, 253–264.Google Scholar

Henderson, S., & Gilding, M. ( 2004). “I've never clicked this much with anyone in my life”: Trust and hyperpersonal communication in online friendships. New Media & Society, 6, 487–506.Google Scholar

Hiltz, S., & Johnson, K. (1990). User satisfaction with computer-mediated communication systems. Management Science, 36, 739–764.Google Scholar

Himelboim, I., Lariscy, R. W., Tinkham, S. F., Kaye, D., & Sweetser, K. D. (2012). Social media and online political communication: The role of interpersonal informational trust and openness. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 56, 92–115.Google Scholar

Hollingshead, A. B. (2001). Cognitive interdependence and convergent expectations in transactive memory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 1080–1089.Google Scholar

Houtman, E., Makos, A., & Meacock, H. L. (2014). The intersection of social presence and impression management in online learning environments. E-Learning and Digital Media, 11, 419–430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

International Society for Presence Research. (2000). The concept of presence: Explication statement. Retrieved from: https://smcsites.com/ispr/Google Scholar

Jarvenpaa, S. L., & Leidner, D. E. (1998). Communication and trust in global virtual teams. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3, 791–815.Google Scholar

Jin, S. A., & Bolebruch, J. (2009). Avatar-based advertising in second life: The role of presence and attractiveness of virtual spokespersons. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 10, 51–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jin, S. A., & Bolebruch, J. (2010). Virtual commerce (v-commerce) in Second Life: The roles of physical presence and brand-self connection. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 2. Retrieved from: http://journals.tdl.org/jvwr/article/view/867Google Scholar

Jourard, S. M. (1971). The transparent self (rev. edn.). New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar

Karimi, F., Ramenzoni, V. C., & Holme, P. (2014). Structural differences between open and direct communication in an online community. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 414, 263–273.Google Scholar

Kehrwald, B. (2008). Understanding social presence in text-based online learning environments. Distance Education, 29, 89–106.Google Scholar

Kelly, L., Keaten, J. A., Hazel, M., & Williams, J. A. (2010). Effects of reticence, affect for communication channels, and self-perceived competence on usage of instant messaging. Communication Research Reports, 27, 131–142.Google Scholar

Kingsley, J., & Wankel, C. (2009). Introduction. In Wankel, C. & Kingsley, J. (eds.), Higher education in virtual worlds: Teaching and learning in Second Life (pp. 1–9). Bingley, UK: Emerald.Google Scholar

Kock, N. (2004). The psychobiological model: Towards a new theory of computer-mediated communication based on Darwinian evolution. Organization Science, 15, 327–348.Google Scholar

Kock, N. (2005). Media richness or media naturalness? The evolution of our biological communication apparatus and its influence on our behavior toward e-communication tools. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 48, 117–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kock, N. (2008). Media naturalness theory: Human evolution and behavior towards electronic communication technologies. In Roberts, S. C. (ed.), Applied evolutionary psychology (pp. 381–398). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Kock, N., Verville, J., & Garza, V. (2007). Media naturalness and online learning: Findings supporting both the significant and no-significant difference perspectives. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 5, 333–355.Google Scholar

Leary, M., Wheeler, D., & Jenkins, T. (1986). Aspects of identity and behavioral preference: Studies of occupational and recreational choice. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49, 11–18.Google Scholar

Lee, K. M. (2004). Presence, explicated. Communication Theory, 14, 27–50.Google Scholar

Lengel, R. H., & Daft, R. L. (1988). The selection of communication media as an executive skill. Executive, 2, 225–232.Google Scholar

Leonard, L. G., Sherblom, J. C., Withers, L. A., & Smith, J. S. (2015). Training effective virtual teams: Presence, identity, communication openness, and conversational interactivity. Connexions: International Professional Communication Journal, 3, 11–45.Google Scholar

Leonard, L. G., & Toller, P. (2012). Speaking ill of the dead: Anonymity and communication about suicide on MyDeathSpace.com. Communication Studies, 63, 387–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Leonard, L. G., & Withers, L. A. (2009, November 14). The role of place in virtual environments. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.Google Scholar

Leonard, L. G., Withers, L. A., & Sherblom, J. C. (2010). The paradox of computer-mediated communication and identity: Peril, promise and Second Life. In Park, J. & Abel, E. (eds.), Interpersonal relations and social patterns in communication technologies: Discourse norms, language structures and cultural variables (pp. 1–17). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.Google Scholar

Marsh, H. W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First- and higher-order factor models and their invariance across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 562–582.Google Scholar

Morrison, R., Cegielski, C., & Rainer, R. K. (2012). Trust, avatars, and electronic communications: Implications for e-learning. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 53, 80–89.Google Scholar

Morry, M. (2005). Allocentrism and friendship satisfaction: The mediating roles of disclosure and closeness. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 37, 211–222.Google Scholar

Nagy, P., & Koles, B. (2014). The digital transformation of human identity: Towards a conceptual model of virtual identity in virtual worlds. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 20, 276–292.Google Scholar

Nam, C. W. (2014). The effects of trust and constructive controversy on student achievement and attitude in online cooperative learning environments. Computers in Human Behavior, 37, 237–248.Google Scholar

Nowak, K. (2001). Defining and differentiating copresence, social presence and presence as transportation. Paper presented at Presence, Philadelphia, PA. Retrieved from: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?Google Scholar

Nowak, K., Watt, J., & Walther, J. (2009). Computer mediated teamwork and the efficiency framework: Exploring the influence of synchrony and cues on media satisfaction and outcome success. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 1108–1119.Google Scholar

Oztok, M., & Brett, C. (2011). Social presence and online learning: A review of research. International Journal of E-learning & Distance Education, 25. Retrieved from: www.ijede.ca/index.php/jde/article/view/758/1299Google Scholar

Sarker, S., Ahuja, M., Sarker, S., & Kirkeby, S. (2011). The role of communication and trust in global virtual teams: A social network perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 28, 273–310.Google Scholar

Schiller, S., Mennecke, B., Nah, F., & Luse, A. (2014). Institutional boundaries and trust of virtual teams in collaborative design: An experimental study in a virtual world environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 565–577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Seung-A., A. J. (2012). The virtual malleable self and the virtual identity discrepancy model: Investigative frameworks for virtual possible selves and others in avatar-based identity construction and social interaction. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 2160–2168.Google Scholar

Sherblom, J. (2010). The computer-mediated communication (CMC) classroom: A challenge of medium, presence, interaction, identity, and relationship. Communication Education, 59, 497–523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sherblom, J. C., & Green-Hamann, S. (2013). Public relations in a virtual world: A Second Life case study. In Al-Deen, H. N. & Hendricks, J. A. (eds.), Social media and strategic communications (pp. 137–155). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Sherblom, J. C., Withers, L. A., & Leonard, L. G. (2009). Communication challenges and opportunities for educators using Second Life. In Wankel, C. & Kingsley, J. (eds.), Higher education in virtual worlds: Teaching and learning in Second Life (pp. 29–46). Bingley: Emerald.Google Scholar

Sherblom, J. C., Withers, L. A., & Leonard, L. G. (2013). The influence of computer-mediated communication (CMC) competence on computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) in online classroom discussions. Human Communication, 16, 31–39.Google Scholar

Simon, A. (2010). Computer-mediated communication: Task performance and satisfaction. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146, 349–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sivunen, A. & Nordbäck, E. (2015). Social presence as a multi-dimensional group construct in 3D virtual environments. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20, 19–36.Google Scholar

Spitzberg, B. H. (2006). Preliminary development of a model and measure of computer-mediated communication (CMC) competence. Journal of Computer–Mediated Communication, 11, 629–666.Google Scholar

Sueng-A, A. (2012). The virtual malleable self and the virtual identity discrepancy model: Investigative frameworks for virtual possible selves and others in avatar-based identity construction and social interaction. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 2160–2168.Google Scholar

Sundararajan, B. (2009). Impact of communication patterns, network positions and social dynamics factors on learning among students in a CSCL environment. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 7, 71–84.Google Scholar

Sundararajan, B. (2010). Emergence of the most knowledgeable other (MKO): Social network analysis of chat and bulletin board conversations in a CSCL system. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 8, 191–208.Google Scholar

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson.Google Scholar

Trevino, L. K., Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1990). Understanding manager's media choices: A symbolic interactionist perspective. In Fulk, J. & Steinfield, C. (eds.), Organizations and communication technology (pp. 71–94). Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Tu, C. H., & McIsaac, M. (2002). The relationship of social presence and interaction in online classes. American Journal of Distance Education, 16, 131–150.Google Scholar

Turilli, M., Vaccaro, A., & Taddeo, M. (2010). The case of online trust. Knowledge, Technology & Policy, 23, 333–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Veit, C. T., & Ware, J. E. (1983). The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 730–742.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Walther, J. B. (2004). Language and communication technology. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 23, 384–396.Google Scholar

Walther, J. B. (2009). Theories, boundaries, and all of the above. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 748–752.Google Scholar

Walther, J. B. (2010). Computer-mediated communication. In Berger, C. R., Roloff, M. E., & Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R. (eds.), The handbook of communication science, 2nd edn. (pp. 489–505). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Walther, J., & Bazarova, N. (2008). Validation and application of electronic propinquity theory to computer-mediated communication in groups. Communication Research, 35, 622–645.Google Scholar

Walther, J. B., Loh, T., & Granka, L. (2005). Let me count the ways: The interchange of verbal and nonverbal cues in computer-mediated and face-to-face affinity. Journal of Language & Social Psychology, 24, 36–65.Google Scholar

Walther, J. B., & Parks, M. R. (2002). Cues filtered out, cues filtered in: Computer-mediated communication and relationships. In Knapp, M. L. and Daly, J. A. (eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication, 3rd edn. (pp. 529–563). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Willson, M. A. (2006 ). Technically together: Rethinking community within techno-society. New York, NY: Peter Lang.Google Scholar

Wrench, J. S., & Punyanunt-Carter, N. M. (2007). The relationship between computer-mediated-communication competence, apprehension, self-efficacy, perceived confidence, and social presence. Southern Communication Journal, 72, 355–378.Google Scholar

Chandler, Daniel. (1995). Technological or media determinism. Retrieved from: http://visual-memory.co.uk/daniel/Documents/tecdet/tecdet.html (accessed July 11, 2016).Google Scholar

Cobley, Paul, & Randvir, Anti (2009). Introduction: What is sociosemiotics? Semiotica, 2009(173,).Google Scholar

Corneliussen, Hilde-G., & Rettberg, Jill Walker (eds.) (2008). Digital culture, play, and identity: A World of Warcraft reader. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

De Certeau, Michel. (1980). L'Invention du quotidien. 2 tomes. Paris: Gallimard, Folio essais #146.Google Scholar

Ducheneaut, Nick, Yee, Nick, Nickell, Eric, et al. (2006). Building an MMO with mass appeal: A look at gameplay in World of Warcraft, games and culture. Games and Culture, 1(4), 281–317.Google Scholar

Eco, Umberto. (1988). Sémiotique et philosophie du langage. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France,Google Scholar

Ellul, Jacques. (1954). La technique ou l'enjeu du siècle. Paris: Armand Colin.Google Scholar

Ensslin, Astrid, & Muse, Eben (eds.). (2011). Creating second lives: Community, identity and spatiality as constructions of the virtual. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Finnemore, Martha, & Sikkink, Kathryn. (1998). International norm dynamics and political change. International Organization, 52 (4), 887–917.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. (2001 [1971]). Dits et écrits I, 1954–1975. Paris: Gallimard, Quarto.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. (1976). Histoire de la sexualité I. La volonté de savoir. Paris: Gallimard.Google Scholar

Kou, Yubo. (2014). Governance in League of Legends: An hybrid system. In Foundation of Digital Games 2014, April 3–7, Fort Lauderdale, FL.Google Scholar

Kou, Yubo, & Gui, Xinning. (2014). Playing with strangers: Understanding temporary teams in League of Legends. CHI PLAY ’14. New York, NY: ACM Publications.Google Scholar

Kwak, Haewoon, & Blackburn, Jeremy. (2014). Linguistic analysis of toxic behaviour in an online video game (pp. 209–217). Social Informatics, Vol. 8852. Barcelona: Springer.Google Scholar

Landowski, Éric. (1993). L'esprit de la société. Liège: Margada, Philosophie et Langage.Google Scholar

Leroi-Gourhan, André. (1964, 1965). Le geste et la parole. 2 tomes. Paris: Albin Michel.Google Scholar

Maigret, Éric. (2003). Sociologie de la communication et des medias. Paris: Armand Colin.Google Scholar

Mumford, Lewis. (1967, 1970). The myth of the machine. 2 vols. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.Google Scholar

Pearce, Celia, & Artemesia, (2009). Communities of play. Emergent cultures in multiplayer, games and virtual worlds. Game Studies. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Peirce, Charles Sanders. (1878). How to make our ideas clear. Popular Science Monthly, 12, 286–302. Essential Peirce, Vol. 1, p. 131.Google Scholar

Scott, Michael. (2012). A monument to the player: Preserving a landscape of socio-cultural capital in the transitional MMORPG. In New review of hypermedia and multimedia, Vol. 18(4), pp. 295–320. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar

Sicart, Miguel. (2009). The ethics of computer games. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Simondon, Gilbert. (1958). Du mode d'existence des objets techniques. Paris: Aubier.Google Scholar

Smith, Merritt Roe, & Marx, Leo. (1994). Does technology drive history? The dilemma of technological determinism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Stiegler, Bernard. (1994, 1996, 2001). La technique et le temps. 3 tomes. Paris: Éditions Galilée, La Philosophie en Effet.Google Scholar

Taylor, T. L. (2006). Play between worlds: Exploring online game culture. Game Studies. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Veron, Eliseo. (1987). La sémiosis sociale: Fragments d'une théorie de la discursivité. Saint-Denis: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, Sciences du Langage.Google Scholar

Winner, Langdon. (1986). The whale and the reactor: A search for limits in an age of high technology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Ancona, D., Malone, T. W., Orlikowski, W. J., & Senge, P. (2007). In praise of the incomplete leader. Harvard Business Review, February 2007 (n.p.).Google Scholar

Avolio, B. J., Kahai, S. S., & Dodge, G. E. (2001). E-leadership: Implications for theory, research, and practice. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(4), 615–668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J., Kahai, S. S., & Baker, B. (2014). E-leadership: Re-examining transformations in leadership source and transmission. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 105–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bardzell, S., Bardzell, J., Pace, T., & Reed, K. (2008). Blissfully productive: Grouping and cooperation in World of Warcraft instance runs. CSCW’08, November 8–12, San Diego, CA.Google Scholar

Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance. New York, NY: Free Press.Google Scholar

Bidwell, M. J., & Briscoe, F. (2009). Who contracts? Determinants of the decision to work as an independent contractor among information technology workers. Academy of Management Journal, 52(6), 1148–1168.Google Scholar

Carte, T., Chidambaram, L., & Becker, A. (2006). Emergent leadership in self-managed virtual teams. Group Decision and Negotiation, 15(4), 323–343.Google Scholar

Chen, M. (2009.) Communication, coordination, and camaraderie in World of Warcraft. Games and Culture, 4(1), 47–73.Google Scholar

Contractor, N. S., DeChurch, L. A., Carson, J., Carter, D. R., & Keegan, B. (2012). The topology of collective leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 23(6), 994–1011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Day, D. V., Gronn, P., & Salas, E. (2004). Leadership capacity in teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 15 (6), 857–880.Google Scholar

de Castell, S., Boschman, L., & Jenson, J. (2008). In and out of control: Learning games differently. Loading, 2(3), 1–16.Google Scholar

de Castell, S., Jenson, J., Taylor, N., & Thumiert, K. (2014). Re-thinking foundations: Theoretical and methodological challenges (and opportunities) in virtual worlds research. Journal of Gaming and Virtual Worlds, 6(1), 3–20.Google Scholar

Dyer-Witheford, N. (2015). Cyber-proletariat: Global labour in the digital vortex. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Ee, A., & Cho, H. (2012). What makes an MMORPG leader? A social cognitive theory-based approach to understanding the formation of leadership capabilities in massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Eludamos. Journal for Computer Game Culture, 6(1), 25–37.Google Scholar

Engeström, Y. (1987). Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research. Helsinki: Orienta-Konsultit.Google Scholar

Engeström, Y. (1990). When is a tool? Multiple meanings of artifacts in human activity. In Engeström, Y. (ed.), Learning, working and imagining: Twelve studies in activity theory. Helsinki: Orienta-Konsultit, 171–195.Google Scholar

Giddings, S. (2008). Events and collusions: A glossary for the microethnography of video game play. Games and Culture, 4(2), 144–157.Google Scholar

Giddings, S., & Kennedy, H. (2008). Little Jesuses and ^*@#?-off robots: On cybernetics, aesthetics, and not being very good at Lego Star, Wars. In Swalwell, M. & Wilson, J. (eds.), The pleasures of computer gaming: Essays on cultural history, theory and aesthetics (pp. 13–32). Jefferson, NC: McFarland.Google Scholar

Goh, S., & Wasko, M. (2009). Where's the leader? Identifying leadership candidates within virtual worlds. MG 2009 Proceedings. Paper 9.Google Scholar

Goh, S., & Wasko, M. (2011). Leader-member relationships in virtual world teams. In 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Kauai, HI.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gronn, P. (2002). Distributed leadership. In Leithwood, K., Hallinger, P., Seashore-Louis, K., Furman-Brown, G., Gronn, P., Mulford, W., & Riley, K. (eds.), Second international handbook of educational leadership and administration. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar

Guthrie, K. L., Phelps, K., & Downey, S. (2011). Virtual worlds: A developmental tool for leadership education. Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(2), 6–13.Google Scholar

Hambley, L. A., O'Neill, T. A., & Kline, T. J. B. (2007). Virtual team leadership: The effects of leadership style and communication medium on team interaction styles and outcomes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 103(1), 1–20.Google Scholar

Hiller, N. J., Day, D. V., & Vance, R. J. (2006). Collective enactment of leadership roles and team effectiveness: A field study. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(4), 387–397.Google Scholar

Karmali, L. (October 23, 2015). Guild Wars 2 hits 7 million players as expansion launches. IGN. Retrieved from: www.ign.com/articles/2015/10/23/guild-wars-2-hits-7-million-players-as-expansion-launches (accessed January 12, 2016).Google Scholar

Kollar, P. (November 16, 2015). World of Warcraft team responds to shrinking subscriber numbers. Polygon. Retrieved from: www.polygon.com/2015/11/16/9731672/world-of-warcraft-legion-subscription-numbers-expansion-speed (accessed January 12, 2016).Google Scholar

Lankshear, C. (1997). Changing literacies. Bristol, PA: Open University Press.Google Scholar

Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Lehdonvirta, M., Nagashima, Y., Lehdonvirta, V., & Baba, A. (2012.) The Stoic male: How avatar gender affects help-seeking behavior in an online game. Games and Culture, 7(1), 29–47.Google Scholar

Li, W-D., Arvey, R. D., & Song, Z. (2011). The influence of general mental ability, self-esteem and family socioeconomic status on leadership role occupancy and leader advancement: The moderating role of gender. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(3), 520–534.Google Scholar

Linderoth, J., Björk, S., & Olsson, C. (2014). Should I stay or should I go? A study of pickup groups in Left 4 Dead 2. ToDIGRA: Transactions of the Digital Games Research Association, 2(1), 117–145.Google Scholar

Lisk, T. C., Kaplancali, U. T., & Riggio, R. E. (2012). Leadership in multiplayer online gamingenvironments. Simulation and Gaming, 43(1), 133–149.Google Scholar

Lu, L., Shen, C., & Williams, D. (2014). Friending your way up the ladder: Connecting massive multiplayer online game behaviors with offline leadership. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 54–60.Google Scholar

Muethel, M., & Hoegl, M. (2013). Shared leadership effectiveness in independent professional teams. European Management Journal, 31(4), 423–432.Google Scholar

Mysirlaki, S., & Paraskeva, F. (2012). Leadership in MMOGs: A field of research on virtual teams. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 10(2), 223–234.Google Scholar

Nardi, B. (1995). Context and consciousness: Activity theory and human-computer interaction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Pagliery, J. (June 19, 2014). Why I put World of Warcraft on my resume. CNN: Money. Retrieved from: http://money.cnn.com/2014/06/19/technology/world-of-warcraft-resume/ (accessed May 31, 2016).Google Scholar

Purvana, R. K., & Bono, J. E. (2009). Transformational leadership in context: Face-to-face and virtual teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 343–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ratan, R., Taylor, N., Hogan, J., Kennedy, T. L. M., & Williams, D. (2015). Stand by your man: An examination of gender disparity in League of Legends. Games and Culture. doi: 10.1177/1555412014567228.Google Scholar

Reeves, B., & Malone, T. (2007). Leadership in games and at work: Implications for the enterprise of massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Report prepared for IBM.Google Scholar

Reeves, B., Malone, T. W., & O'Driscoll, T. (2008). Leadership's online labs. Harvard Business Review, May 2008 (n.p.).Google Scholar

Rubenfire, A. (August 12, 2014). Can ‘World of Warcraft’ game skills help land a job? Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from: www.wsj.com/articles/can-warcraft-game-skills-help-land-a-job-1407885660 (accessed January 13, 2016).Google Scholar

Ruggieri, S. (2009). Leadership in virtual teams: A comparison of transformational and transactional leaders. Social Behavior and Personality, 37(8), 1017–1022.Google Scholar

Schrader, P. G., & McCreery, M. (2008). The acquisition of skill and expertise in massively multiplayer online games. Educational Technology Research & Development, 56(5–6), 557–574.Google Scholar

Siewiorek, A., & Lehtinen, E. (2011). Exploring leadership profiles from collaborative computer gaming. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 6(3), 357–374.Google Scholar

Siitonen, M. (2009). Conflict management and leadership communication in multiplayer communities. In Kennedy, H. (ed.), Proceedings of DiGRA 2009: Breaking new ground: Innovation in games, play, practice and theory, Brunel University, London.Google Scholar

Silverman, M., & Simon, B. (2009). Discipline and dragon kill points in the online power game. Games and Culture, 4(4), 353–378.Google Scholar

Sorden, C. (May 12, 2008). Player vs. Everything: Putting raiding on your resume. Massively. Retrieved from: www.engadget.com/2008/05/12/player-vs-everything-putting-raiding-on-your-resume/ (accessed January 12, 2016).Google Scholar

Sunden, J. (2009). Play as transgression: An ethnographic approach to queer game cultures. In Proceedings of DiGRA 2009: Breaking new ground: Innovation in games, play, practice and theory. London: Brunel University.Google Scholar

Taylor, N., Kampe, C., & Bell, K. (2015). Me and Lee: Identification and the play of attraction in The Walking Dead. Game Studies, 15(1). Retrieved from: http://gamestudies.org/1501/articles/taylor (accessed January 12, 2016).Google Scholar

Taylor, T. L. (2006). Play between worlds: Exploring online game culture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Taylor, T. L. (2012). Raising the stakes: The professionalization of computer gaming. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Uhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., & McKelvey, B. (2007). Complexity leadership theory: Shifting leadership from the Industrial Age to the Knowledge Era. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 298–318.Google Scholar

van Dijk, N., & Broekens, J. (2010). Virtual team performance depends on distributed leadership. In 9th International Conference on Entertainment Computing. Seoul, South Korea, September 8–11.Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind and society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Wertsch, J. (1998). Mind as action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Williams, D., Ducheneaut, N., Xiong, L., Zhang, Y., Yee, N., & Nickell, E. (2006). From tree house to barracks: The social life of guilds in World of Warcraft. Games & Culture, 1(4), 338–361.Google Scholar

Williams, J. P., Kirschner, D., & Suhaimi-Broder, Z. (2014). Structural roles in massively multiplayer online games: A case study of guild and raid leaders in World of Warcraft. In Johns, M. D., Chen, S-L. S., & Terlip, L. A. (eds.), Symbolic interaction and new social media (pp. 121–142). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Xanthopoulou, D., & Papagiannidis, S. (2012). Play online, work better? Examining the spillover of active learning and transformational leadership. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79(7), 1328–1339.Google Scholar

Yee, N. (2006). The demographics, motivations and derived experiences of users of massively-multiuser online graphical environments. PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 15, 309–329.Google Scholar

Abel, M. (1990). Experiences in an exploratory distributed organization. In Galegher, J., Kraut, R. E., & Egido, C. (eds.), Intellectual teamwork. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Adhikari, R. (1998, May 4). Groupware to the next level. InformationWeek, 106–111.Google Scholar

Allen, T. J. (1977). Managing the flow of technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Bainbridge, W. S. (2007). The scientific research potential of virtual worlds. Science, 317 (5837), 472–476.Google Scholar

Bainbridge, W. S. (ed.). (2009). Online worlds: Convergence of the real and the virtual. London: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar

Baker, W. E. (1992). The network organization in theory and practice. In Nohria, N. & Eccles, R. G. (eds.), Networks and organizations: Structure, form, and action (pp. 397–429). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar

Bandow, D. (1997). Geographically distributed work groups and IT: A case study of working relationships and IS professionals. In SIGCPR ’97 Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGCPR Conference on Computer Personnel Research (pp. 87–92). San Francisco: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Barnatt, C. (1995). Office space, cyberspace and virtual organization. Journal of General Management, 20 (4), 78–91.Google Scholar

Beck, J. C., & Wade, M. (2004). Got game: How the gamer generation is reshaping business forever. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar

Bélanger, F., & Watson-Manheim, M. (2006). Virtual teams and multiple media: Structuring media use to attain strategic goals. Group Decision & Negotiation, 15 (4), 299–321.Google Scholar

Bell, B. S., & Kozlowski, S. W. J. (2002). A typology of virtual teams: Implications for effective leadership. Group & Organization Management, 27 (1), 14.Google Scholar

Bell, M. (2008). Toward a definition of “Virtual Worlds.” Journal of Virtual World Research, 1 (1), 1–5.Google Scholar

Benjamin, R., & Wigand, R. T. (1995). Electronic markets and virtual value chains on the Information Superhighway. Sloan Management Review, 2, 62–72.Google Scholar

Bly, S. A., Harrison, S. R., & Irwin, S. (1993). Media spaces: Bringing people together in a video, audio, and computing environment. Communications of the ACM, 36(1), 28–47.Google Scholar

Boellstorff, T. (2008). Coming of age in Second Life: An anthropologist explores the virtually human. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Bughin, J. (2008). The rise of enterprise 2.0. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 9 (3), 251–259.Google Scholar

Castronova, E., & Falk, M. (2008). Virtual worlds as Petri dishes for the social and behavioral sciences (December 2008). RatSWD Working Paper No. 47. Retrieved from: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1445340 (accessed November 7, 2017).Google Scholar

Chesbrough, H. W., & Teece, D. J. (1996). Organizing for innovation. Harvard Business Review, January–February, 65–73.Google Scholar

Churchill, E. F., & Bly, S. (1999). Virtual environments at work: Ongoing use of MUDs in the workplace. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Work Activities Coordination and Collaboration, San Francisco, CA (pp. 99–108). New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), WACC ’99.Google Scholar

Churchill, E. F., & Snowdon, D. (1998). Collaborative virtual environments: An introductory review of issues and systems. Virtual Reality: Research, Development and Applications, 3(1), 3–15.Google Scholar

Coleman, D. (1996). Electronic collaboration on the Internet and Intranets. San Francisco: Collaborative Strategies. Retrieved from: www.collaborate.com/intranet.html (accessed January 5, 2017).Google Scholar

Curtis, P. (1995). Mudding: Social phenomenon in text-based virtual realities. In Stefik, M. (ed.), Internet dreams: Archetypes, myths, and metaphors (pp. 265–292). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Davenport, T. H., Eccles, R. G., & Prusak, L. (1992). Information politics. Sloan Management Review, Fall 1992, 53–65.Google Scholar

Davidow, W. (1992). Virtual corporation. Forbes, December 7, 102–107.Google Scholar

Dawes, R. M. (1980). Social dilemmas. Annual Review of Psychology, 31, 169–193.Google Scholar

DeSanctis, G., & Gallupe, R. B. (1987). A foundation for the study of group decision support systems. Management Science, 33(5), 589–609.Google Scholar

DeSanctis, G., Poole, M. S., Desharnais, G., & Lewis, H. (1991). Using computing to facilitate the quality improvement process: The IRS-Minnesota project. Interfaces, 21(6), 23–36.Google Scholar

DeSanctis, G., Poole, M. S., Dickson, G. W., & Jackson, B. M. (1993). Interpretive analysis of team use of group technologies. Journal of Organizational Computing, 3(1), 1–30.Google Scholar

DiMartino, V., & Wirth, L. (1990). Telework: A new way of working and living. International Labour Review, 129(5), 529–554.Google Scholar

Drescher, M. A., Korsgaard, M. A., Wigand, R. T., Welpe, I. S., & Picot, A. (2014). The dynamics of shared leadership: Building trust and enhancing performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99(5), 771–783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0036474 (accessed November 7, 2017).Google Scholar

Dyson, E. (1990). Why groupware is gaining ground. Datamation, March 1, 52–56.Google Scholar

Englberger, H. (2000). Kommunikation von Innovationsbarrieren in telekooperativen Reorganisationsprozessen. Wiesbaden: Gabler.engleberger.Google Scholar

Finn, K. E., Sellen, A. J., & Wilbur, S. B. (eds.). (1997). Video mediated communication: Computer, cognition and work series. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar

Fowler, G. D., & Wackerbarth, M. E. (1980). Audio teleconferencing versus face-to-face conferencing: A synthesis of the literature. Western Journal of Speech Communication, 44 (Summer), 236–252.Google Scholar

Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: The social virtues and the creation of prosperity. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar

Grantham, C. E. (1996). Working in a virtual place: A case study of distributed work. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPR/SIGMIS Special Interest Group Conference on Computer Personnel Research, San Francisco, CA (pp. 68–84). New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Grohowski, R., McGoff, C., Vogel, D., Martz, B., & Nunamaker, J. (1990). Implementing electronic meeting systems at IBM: Lessons learned and success factors. MIS Quarterly, 14(4), 369–383.Google Scholar

Handy, C. (1995). Trust and virtual organization: How do you manage people whom you do not see. Harvard Business Review, 73(3), 40–50.Google Scholar

Harasim, L. (1993). Global networks: Computers and international communications. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Hart, P. (1999). Understanding colocation requirements and refining expectations about computer network use: A field study of engineering design environments. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS ’99, Charlotte, NC (pp. 484–488). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Heninger, W. G., Dennis, A. R., & Hilmer, K. M. (2006). Individual cognition and dual-task interference in group support systems. Information Systems Research, 17(4), 415–424.Google Scholar

Hertel, G., Konradt, U., & Orlikowski, B. (2004). Managing distance by interdependence: Goal setting, task interdependence, and team-based rewards in virtual teams. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 13 (1), 1–28.Google Scholar

Hiltz, S. R., & Turoff, M. (1992). Virtual meetings: Computer conferencing and distributed group support. In Bostrom, R. P., Waston, R. T., & Kinney, S. (eds.), Computer augmented teamwork (pp. 67–85). New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar

Hoffman, D. L., Novak, T. P., & Peralta, M. (1999). Building consumer trust on-line. Communications of the ACM, 42(4), 80–85.Google Scholar

Hossain, L., & Wigand, R. T. (2003). Understanding virtual collaboration through structuration. In Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Knowledge Management (pp. 475–484).Google Scholar

Hossain, L., & Wigand, R. T. (2004). Trust for e-business management. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Electronic Business: Shaping Business Strategy in a Networked World, December 5–9, 2004 (pp. 893–900). Beijing, China: Tsinghua University, International Academic Publishers.Google Scholar

Huh, S., & Williams, D. (2009). Dude looks like a lady: Online game gender swapping. In Bainbridge, W. S. (ed.), Online worlds: Convergence of the real and the virtual (pp. 161–174). Guildford: Springer.Google Scholar

Igbaria, M., Shayo, C., & Olfman, L. (1999). On becoming virtual: The driving forces and arrangements. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPR Special Interest Group Conference on Computer Personnel Research, New Orleans, LA (pp. 27–41). New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Jarvenpaa, S., & Ives, B. (1994). The global network organization of the future: Information management opportunities and challenges. Journal of Management Information Systems, 10(4), 25–57.Google Scholar

Jarvenpaa, S. L., Knoll, K., & Leidner, D. E. (1998). Is anybody out there? Antecedents of trust in global virtual teams. Journal of Management Information Systems, 14(4), 29–64.Google Scholar

Jarvenpaa, S. L., Shaw, T. R., & Staples, D. S. (2004). Toward contextualized theories of trust: The role of trust in global virtual teams. Information Systems Research, 15 (3), 250–264.Google Scholar

Jirotka, M., Gilbert, N., & Luff, P. (1992). On the social organization of organizations. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 1(1), 95–118.Google Scholar

Jones, S., Wilikens, M., Morris, P., & Masera, M. (2000). Trust requirements in e-business. Communications of the ACM, 43(12), 81–87.Google Scholar

Joshi, A., Lazarova, M. B., & Liao, H. (2009). Getting everyone on board: The role of inspirational leadership in geographically dispersed teams. Organization Science, 20(1), 240–252.Google Scholar

Jude-York, D. (1998). Technology enhanced teamwork: Aligning individual contributions for superior team performance. Organization Development Journal, 16(3), 73–80.Google Scholar

Kanawattanachai, P., & Yoo, Y. (2007). The impact of knowledge coordination on virtual team performance over time. MIS Quarterly, 31(4), 783–808.Google Scholar

Kasper-Fuehrer, E. C., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Neal, M. (2001). Communicating trustworthiness and building trust in interorganizational virtual organizations. Journal of Management, 27(3), 235–254.Google Scholar

Kendall, L. (2002). Hanging out in the virtual pub: Masculinities and relationships online. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Kiely, T. (1993). Learning to share. CIO, July, 38–44.Google Scholar

Kirkman, B. L., & Mathieu, J. E. (2005). The dimensions and antecedents of team virtuality. Journal of Management, 31(5), 700–718.Google Scholar

Kock, N. (2000). Benefits for virtual organizations from distributed groups. Communications of the ACM, 43(11), 107–112.Google Scholar

Korsgaard, M. A., Picot, A., Wigand, R. T., Welpe, I. A., & Assmann, J. (2009). Cooperation, coordination and trust in virtual teams: Insights from virtual games (with). In Bainbridge, William Sims (ed.), Online worlds: Convergence of the real and the virtual (pp. 251–262). London: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar

Kramer, R. M., & Tyler, T. R. (eds.) (1996). Trust in organizations: Frontiers of strategy and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Kraut, R., Egido, C., & Galegher, J. (1988). Patterns of contact and communication in scientific research collaboration. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW ’88, Portland, OR (pp. 1–12). New York: Association for Computing Machinery.Google Scholar

Lucas, H. C, & Olson, M. (1994). The impact of information technology on organizational flexibility. Journal of Organizational Computing, 4 (2), 155–176.Google Scholar

Ludwig, G. S. (1999). Virtual geographic research teams: A case study. Journal of Geography, 98(3), 149–154.Google Scholar

Luhmann, N. (1986). Persöniches Vertrauen. In Vertrauen: Ein Mechanismus der Reduktion sozialer Komplexität, 3rd ed. (pp. 165–185). Stuttgart: Enke Verlag.Google Scholar

Luhmann, N. (1989). Ecological communication. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press and Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Luhmann, N. (2000). The reality of the mass media. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press and Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Luhmann, N. (1994). Die Wirtschaft der Gesellschaft. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag.Google Scholar

Majchrzak, A., Malhotra, A., & John, R. (2005). Perceived individual collaboration know-how development through information technology-enabled contextualization: Evidence from distributed teams. Information Systems Research, 16, 1, 9–27.Google Scholar

Majchrzak, A., Rice, R. E., Malhotra, A., King, N., & Ba, S. (2000). Technology adaptation: The case of a computer-supported inter-organizational virtual team. MIS Quarterly, 24(4), 569–600.Google Scholar

Malhotra, Y., Galletta, D. F., & Kirsch, L. J. (2008). How endogenous motivations influence user intentions: Beyond the dichotomy of extrinsic and intrinsic user motivations. Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(1), 267–299.Google Scholar

Malone, T. W., & Rockart, J. F. (1993). How will information technology reshape organizations? Computers as coordination technology. In Bradley, S. P., Hausman, J. A., & Nolan, R. L. (eds.), Globalization, technology, and competition: The fusion of computer and telecommunications in the 1990s (pp. 37–55). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar

Martins, L. L., Gilson, L. L., & Maynard, M. T. (2004). Virtual teams: What do we know and where do we go from here? Journal of Management, 30(6), 805–835.Google Scholar

McLeod, P. L. (1992). An assessment of the experimental literature on electronic support of group work: Results of a meta-analysis. Human-Computer Interaction, 7, 257–280.Google Scholar

Nakamura, L. (2009). Digitizing race: Visual cultures of the internet. Visual Studies, 24(1), 90–91.Google Scholar

Nayak, N., Bhaskaran, K., & Das, R. (2001). Virtual enterprises: Building blocks for dynamic e-business. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Information Technology for Virtual Enterprises, Goldcoast, Queensland, Australia (pp. 80–87). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society.Google Scholar

Niederman, F., & Beise, C. M. (1999). Defining the “virtualness” of groups, teams, and meetings. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPR Conference on Computer Personnel Research, New Orleans, LA (pp. 14–18). New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Ono, C., Paulson, B. C., Kanetomo, D., Cutkosky, M., Kim, K., & Petrie, C. J. (2001). Trust-based facilitator for e-partnerships. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Autonomous Agents, Montréal, Canada (pp. 108–109). New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Overby, E. (2008). Process virtualization theory and the impact of information technology. Organization Science, 19(2), 277–291.Google Scholar

Palmer, J. W. (1996). Supporting the virtual organization through information technology in a new venture: The RETEX experience. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPR/SIGMIS Special Interest Group Annual Conference on Computer Personnel Research, Denver, CO (pp. 223–233). New York, NY: Association for Computing Systems (ACM).Google Scholar

Papows, J. (1998). The rapid evolution of collaborative tools: A paradigm shift. Telecommunications, 32(1), 31–32.Google Scholar

Paré, G., & Dubé, L. (1999). Virtual teams: An exploratory study of key challenges and strategies. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Information Systems, Charlotte, NC (pp. 479–483). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Peterson, R. A. (2001). On the use of college students in social science research: Insights from a second-order meta-analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(3), 450–461.Google Scholar

Piccoli, G., & Ives, B. (2000). Virtual teams: Managerial behavior control's impact on team effectiveness. In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Systems, Brisbane, Australia (pp. 575–580). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Piccoli, G., & Ives, B. (2003). Trust and the unintended effects of behavior control in virtual teams. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 365–395.Google Scholar

Picot, A., Assmann, J. J., Korsgaard, M. A., Welpe, I. M., Gallenkamp, J. V., & Wigand, R. T. (2009). A multi-level view of the antecedents and consequences of trust in virtual leaders. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, San Francisco, CA (pp. 11–21). Atlanta, GA: Association of Information Systems.Google Scholar

Picot, A., Reichwald, R., & Wigand, R. (2008). Information, organization and management. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar

Raghuram, S., Gamd, R., Wiesenfeld, B., & Gupta, V. (2001). Factors contributing to virtual work adjustment. Journal of Management, 27(3), 383–405.Google Scholar

Ratnasingham, P., & Kumar, K. (2000). Trading partner trust in electronic commerce participation. In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Systems, Brisbane, Australia (pp. 544–552). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Reeves, B., Malone, T. W., & O'Driscoll, T. (2008). Leadership's online labs. Harvard Business Review, 86(5), 59–66.Google Scholar

Reips, U.-D. (2000). The Web experiment method: Advantages, disadvantages, and solutions. In Birnbaum, M. H. (ed.), Psychological experiments on the Internet (pp. 89–117). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Ripperger, T. (1998). Oekonomik des Verrauens. Analyse eines Organisationsprinzips. Tübingen: Mohr.Google Scholar

Rittenbruch, M., Kahler, H., & Cremers, A. B. (1998). Supporting cooperation in a virtual organization. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems, Helsinki, Finland (pp. 30–38). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Sarker, S., & Sahay, S. (2003). Understanding virtual team development: An interpretive study. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 4, 1–36.Google Scholar

Schmidt, J. B., Montoya-Weiss, M. M., & Massey, A. P. (2001). New product development decision-making effectiveness: Comparing individuals, face-to-face teams, and virtual teams. Decision Sciences, 32(4), 575–600.Google Scholar

Shekbar, S. (2016). Managing the reality of virtual organizations. Chennai, TN, India: Springer India.Google Scholar

Sheridan, J. H. (1996). The agile web: A model for the future? Industry Week, March 4, pp. 31–35.Google Scholar

Speier, Cheri, & Palmer, Jonathan. (1998). A definition of virtualness. AMCIS 1998 Proceedings (p. 191). Retrieved from: http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis1998/191 (accessed November 7, 2017).Google Scholar

Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1991). Connections: New ways of working in the networked organization. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Tapscott, D. (1996). The digital economy: Promise and peril in the age of networked intelligence. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Townsend, A. M., DeMarie, S. M., & Hendrickson, A. (1998). Virtual teams: Technology and the workplace of the future. The Academy of Management Executive, 12(3), 17–29.Google Scholar

Venkatraman, N., & Henderson, C. (1998). Real strategies for virtual organizing. Sloan Management Review, 40(1), 33–48.Google Scholar

Wakefield, R. L., Leidner, D. E., & Garrison, G. (2008). A model of conflict, leadership, and performance in virtual teams. Information Systems Research, 19(4), 434–455.Google Scholar

Warkentin, M. E., Sayeed, L., & Hightower, R. (1997). Virtual teams versus face-to-face teams: An exploratory study of a web-based conference systems. Decision Sciences, 28(4), 975–996.Google Scholar

Watson-Manheim, M. B., & Bélanger, F. (2007). Communication media repertoires: Dealing with the multiplicity of media choices. MIS Quarterly, 31( 2), 267–293.Google Scholar

Webb, E. J., Campbell, D. T., Schwartz, R. D., & Sechrest, L. (1966). Unobtrusive measures: Nonreactive research in the social sciences (p. 237). Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.Google Scholar

Webster, J., & Wong, W. K. P. (2008). Comparing traditional and virtual group forms: Identity, communication and trust in naturally occurring project teams. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1), 41–62.Google Scholar

Whittaker, S. (1996). Talking to strangers: An evaluation of the factors affecting electronic collaboration. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW ’96), Boston, MA (pp. 409–418). New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).Google Scholar

Wigand, R. T. (1997) Electronic commerce: Definition, theory and context. The Information Society, 13, 1–16.Google Scholar

Wigand, R. T., & Imamura, T. (1997). Virtual organization: Enablers and boundaries of an emerging organizational form. In Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems, Indianapolis, IN (pp. 423–425). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems.Google Scholar

Wigand, R. T., Picot, A., & Reichwald, R. (1997). Information, organization and management: Expanding markets and corporate boundaries. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar

Williams, D., Ducheneaut, N., Xiong, L., Zhang, Y., Yee, N., & Nickell, E. (2006). From tree house to barracks: The social life of guilds in World of Warcraft. Games and Culture, 1(4), 338–361.Google Scholar

Williams, D., Yee, N., & Caplan, S. E. (2008). Who plays, how much, and why? Debunking the stereotypical gamer profile. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(4), 993–1018.Google Scholar

Wise, T. P. (2016). Trust in virtual teams. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Yee, N. (2006). The labor of fun: How video games blur the boundaries of work and play. Games and Culture, 1(1), 68–71.Google Scholar

Zhang, D., Lowry, P. B., Zhou, L., & Fu, X. (2007). The impact of individualism: Collectivism, social presence, and group diversity on group decision making under majority influence. Journal of Management Information Systems, 23(4), 53–80.Google Scholar

Abele, S., & Stasser, G. (2008). Coordination success and interpersonal perceptions: Matching versus mismatching. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(3), 576–592.Google Scholar

Ajzen, I. (2012). Attitudes and persuasion (pp. 367–393). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Akerlof, G., & Shiller, R. (2009). Animal spirits: How human psychology drives the economy, and why it matters for global capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Anderhub, V., Muller, R., & Schmidt, C. (2001). Design and evaluation of an economic experiment via the Internet. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 46(2), 227–247.Google Scholar

Andreoni, J., & Petrie, R. (2008). Beauty, gender and stereotypes: Evidence from laboratory experiments. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29(1), 73–93.Google Scholar

Angner, E., & Loewenstein, G. (2006). Behavioral economics. In Handbook of the philosophy of science, Vol. 5. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Argyle, M., & Dean, J. (1965). Eye contact, distance and affiliation. Sociometry, 28(3), 289–304.Google Scholar

Ariely, D., & Norton, M. I. (2007). Psychology and experimental economics: A gap in abstraction. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(6), 336–339.Google Scholar

Ariely, Dan. (2008). Predictably irrational. New York, NY: HarperCollins.Google Scholar

Atlas, S., & Putterman, L. (2011). Trust among the avatars: A virtual world experiment, with and without textual and visual cues. Southern Economic Association, 78(1), 63–86.Google Scholar

Atlas, S.A. (2008). Inductive metanomics: Economic experiments in virtual worlds. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 1(1), 1–15.Google Scholar

Bainbridge, W. S. (2007). The scientific research potential of virtual worlds. Science, 317, 472–476.Google Scholar

Barry, B., Fulmer, I. S., & Van Kleef, G. A. (2004). I laughed, I cried, I settled: The role of emotions in negotiations. In Gelfand, M. J, & Brett, J. M. (eds.), The handbook of negotiation and culture (pp. 71–94). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Batson, C. D., & Moran, T. (1999). Empathy-induced altruism in a prisoner's dilemma. European Journal of Social Psychology, 29, 909–924.Google Scholar

Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2001). Do people mean what they say? Implications for subjective survey data. American Economic Review (Papers and Proceedings), 91(2), 67–72.Google Scholar

Bloomfield, Robert J. (2007). Worlds for study: Invitation – virtual worlds for studying real-world business (and law, and politics, and sociology, and….). SSRN eLibrary.Google Scholar

Bonetti, S. (1998). Experimental economics and deception. Journal of Economic Psychology, 19(3), 377–395.Google Scholar

Camerer, C. (2003a). Behavioral game theory: Experiments in strategic interaction. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Camerer, C. F. (2003b). Behavioral game theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Camerer, C. F., & Loewenstein, G. (2003). Behavioral economics: Past, present, future. In Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, G., & Rabin, M. (eds.), Advances in behavioral economics (pp. 3–51). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. (2005). Neuroeconomics: Why economics needs brains. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 106(3), 555–579.Google Scholar

Carpenter, J. P., Harrison, G. W., & List, J. A. (2005). Field experiments in economics: An introduction. In Carpenter, J. P., Harrison, G. W., & List, J. A. (eds.), Field experiments in economics (pp. 1–15). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Castronova, E. (2001). Virtual worlds: A first-hand account of market and society on the cyberian frontier. Gruter Institute Working Papers on Law, Economics, and Evolutionary Biology. Berkeley Electronic Press.Google Scholar

Castronova, E., Bell, M. W., Cornell, R., et al. (2009). A test of the law of demand in a virtual world: Exploring the petri dish approach to social science. International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations, 1(2), 1–16.Google Scholar

Chaiken, S., & Trope, Y. (1999). Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar

Chandon, P., Morwitz, V. G., & Reinartz, W. J. (2005). Do intentions really predict behavior? Self-generated validity effects in survey research. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 1–14.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Coyne, I., Logan, B., & Madden, N. (2009a). Griefing in virtual worlds: causes, casualties and coping strategies. Information Systems Journal, 19(6), 525–548.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S.H., & Hoffmann, R. (2009b). Virtual trust: An experimental approach. International Centre for Behavioural Business Research Working Papers.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., & Hoffmann, R. (2009c). Virtual world experimentation: An exploratory study. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 72(1), 618–635.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., & Larner, J. (2014a). Determinants of friendship in social networking virtual worlds. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 34(72), 1379–1416.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., Hui, W., & Larner, J. (2014b). Skilled players cooperate less in multi-player games. Journal of Gaming and Virtual Worlds, 6(1), 21–31.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., Hui, W., & Larner, J. (2014c). A study of gamer experience and virtual world behaviour. Interacting with Computers, 26(1), 1–11.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., Hui, W., & Larner, J. (2015). How user personality and social value orientation influence avatar mediated friendship. Information Technology & People, forthcoming.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Dobele, A., & Hoffmann, R. (2016a). Avatars: Combining the benefits of e-commerce with the benefits of brick-and-mortar retails spaces. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar

Chesney, T., Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., & Larner, J. (2016b). Social identity and socialisation in cross-national negotiation. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar

Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., & Larner, J. (2013). Elicitation effects in a multistage bargaining experiment. Experimental Economics, 17, 335–345.Google Scholar

Chuah, S. H., Hoffmann, R., & Larner, J. (2014). Chinese values and negotiation behaviour: A bargaining experiment. International Business Review, 23, 1203–1211.Google Scholar

Cialdini, . (1988). Influence: Science and practice. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Co.Google Scholar

Cragan, J. F., & Wright, D. W. (1980). Small group communication research of the 1970's: A synthesis and critique. Central States Speech Journal, 31(3), 197–213.Google Scholar

Croson, R. (2005). The method of experimental economics. International Negotiation, 10, 131–148.Google Scholar

Croson, R., & Gӓchter, S. (2010). The science of experimental economics. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 73, 122–131.Google Scholar

Crump, M. J. C., McDonnell, J. V., & Gureckis, T. M. (2013). Evaluating Amazon's mechanical Turk as a tool for experimental behavioral research. PLoS ONE, 8(3), 1–18.Google Scholar

Cunningham, W. A., Preacher, K. J., & Banaji, M. R. (2001). Implicit attitude measures: Consistency, stability, and convergent validity. Psychological Science, 12(2), 163–170.Google Scholar

De Sousa, Y. F., & Munro, A. (2012). Truck, Barter and exchange versus the endowment effect: Virtual field experiments in an online game environment. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(3), 482–493.Google Scholar

Dieterle, E., & Murray, J. (2010). Virtual environment real user study (VERUS): Design and methodological considerations and implications. Journal ofApplied Learning Technology, 1(1), 19–25.Google Scholar

Duffy, J. (2006). Agent-based models and human subject experiments. In Tesfatsion, L. & Judd, K. L. (eds.), Handbook of computational economics, Vol. 2. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Duffy, J. (2011). Trust in second life. Southern Economic Journal, 78(1), 53–62.Google Scholar

Eckel, C. C., & Grossman, P. J. (1996). Altruism in anonymous dictator games. Games and Economic Behavior, 16, 181–191.Google Scholar

Eckel, C. C., & Wilson, R. K. (2004). Is trust a risky decision? Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 55, 447–465.Google Scholar

Fiedler, M. (2009). Cooperation in virtual worlds. Schmalenbach Business Review, 61, 173–194.Google Scholar

Fiedler, M. (2011). Experience and confidence in an internet-based asset market experiment. Southern Economic Journal, 78(1), 30–52.Google Scholar

Fiedler, M., & Haruvy, E. (2009). The lab versus the virtual lab and virtual field: An experimental investigation of trust games with communication. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 72, 716–724.Google Scholar

Fiedler, M., Haruvy, E., & Li, S. X. (2011). Social distance in a virtual world experiment. Games and Economic Behavior, 72, 400–426.Google Scholar

Fiore, S. M., Harrison, G. W., Hughes, C. E., & Rutström, E. E. (2008). Virtual experiments and environmental policy. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 57, 65–86.Google Scholar

Fischbacher, Urs. (2007). z-Tree: Zurich toolbox for ready-made economic experiments. Experimental Economics, 10(2), 171–178.Google Scholar

Fisher, R. J. J. (1993). Social desirability bias and the validity of indirect questioning. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 303–315.Google Scholar

Foster, F. D., & Warren, G. J. (2016). Interviews with institutional investors: The how and why of active investing. Journal of Behavioral Finance, forthcoming.Google Scholar

Füllbrunn, K., Richwien, K., & Sadrieh, A. (2011). Trust and trustworthiness in anonymous virtual worlds. Journal of Media Economics, 24(1), 48–63.Google Scholar

Greiner, B., Caravella, M., & Roth, A. E. (2014). Is avatar-to-avatar communication as effective as face-to-face communication? An ultimatum game experiment in first and second life. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 108, 374–382.Google Scholar

Guala, F. (2005). The methodology of experimental economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Harrison, G. W., & List, J. A. (2004). Field experiments. Journal of Economic Literature, 42(4), 1009–1055.Google Scholar

Harrison, G. W., Haruvy, E., & Rutström, E. E. (2011). Remarks on virtual world and virtual reality experiments. Southern Economic Journal, 78(1), 87–94.Google Scholar

Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., et al. (2001). In search of Homo economicus: Experiments in 15 small-scale societies. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 91(2), 73–79.Google Scholar

Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E., & Gintis, H. (eds). 2004. Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2–3), 61–135.Google Scholar

Hertwig, R., & Ortmann, A. (2001). Experimental practices in economics: A methodological challenge for psychologists? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24(03), 383–403.Google Scholar

Hoffmann, R. (2008). The cognitive origins of social stratification. Computational Economics, 28(3), 233–249.Google Scholar

Holt, C. A., & Laury, S. K. (2002). Risk aversion and incentive effects. American Economic Review, 92(5), 1644–1655.Google Scholar

Horton, J. J., Rand, D. G., & Zeckhauser, R. J. (2008). The online laboratory: Conducting experiments in a real labor market. Experimental Economics, 14(399–425).Google Scholar

Jamison, J., Karlan, D., & Schechter, L. (2008). To deceive or not to deceive: The effect of deception on behavior in future laboratory experiments. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 68(3–4), 477–488.Google Scholar

Jiménez-Buedo, M., & Miller, L. M. (2010). Why a trade-off? The relationship between the external and internal validity of experiment. Theoria, 69, 301–321.Google Scholar

Kagel, J. H., & Roth, A. E. (1995). The handbook of experimental economics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar

Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L., & Thaler, R. H. (1991). Anomalies: The endowment effect, loss aversion, and status quo bias. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 115(1), 193–206.Google Scholar

Kimball, M. (2015). Cognitive economics. The Japanese Economic Review, 66(2), 167–181.Google Scholar

Laibson, D., & List, J. A. (2015). Behavioural economics in the classroom: Principles of (behavioral) economics. American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings, 105(5), 385–390.Google Scholar

Lazear, E. P. (2000). Economic imperialism. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(1).Google Scholar

Ledyard, J. O. (1995). Public goods: A survey of experimental research. In Kagel, J. H. & Roth, A. E. (eds.), The handbook of experimental economics (pp. 111–194). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

List, J. A., & Reiley, D. (2008). Field experiments. In Durlauf, S. N. & Blume, L. E. (eds.), The new Palgrave dictionary of economics and the law, 2nd edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave.Google Scholar

Loewenstein, G. (1999). Experimental economics from the vantage-point of behavioural economics. The Economic Journal, 109, F25–F34.Google Scholar

Lübbe, I., & Bolle, F. (2011). Who helps whom? Risk taking and solidarity in a virtual world experiment. European University Viadrina Department of Business Administration and Economics Discussion Paper.Google Scholar

Mehta, J., Starmer, C., & Sugden, R. (1994). The nature of salience: An experimental investigation of pure coordination games. American Economic Review, 84(3), 658–673.Google Scholar

Mennecke, B., Konsynski, B., Townsend, A., Bray, D., Lester, J., Roche, E., & Rowe, M. (2007). Second Life and other virtual worlds: A roadmap for Research. In: ICIS 2007 Proceedings. Paper 4.Google Scholar

Mishra, R. C. (2001). Cognition across cultures. In Matsumoto, D. (ed.), The handbook of culture and psychology (pp. 119–136). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Mullainathan, S., & Thaler, R. H. (2000). Behavioral economics. NBER Working Paper, 7948.Google Scholar

Nicklisch, A., & Salz, T. (2008). Reciprocity and status in a virtual field experiment. Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.Google Scholar

Nisbett, R. (2003). The geography of thought: How Asians and Westerners think differently…and why. London: The Free Press.Google Scholar

O'Keefe, D. J. (2002). Persuasion: Theory and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Orbell, J. M., van de Kragt, A. J. C., & Dawes, R. M. (1988). Explaining discussion-induced cooperation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 811–819.Google Scholar

Ortmann, A. (2005). Field experiments in economics: Some methodological caveats. In Carpenter, J. P., Harrison, G. W., & List, J. A. (eds.), Field experiments in economics (pp. 51–70). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Ortmann, A., & Hertwig, R. (2002). The costs of deception: Evidence from psychology. Experimental Economics, 5, 111–131.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E., Gardner, R., & Walker, J. (1994). Rules, games and common-pool resources. Ann Arbor, MI University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar

Rabin, M. (1993). Incorporating fairness into game theory and economics. American Economic Review, 83(5), 1281–1302.Google Scholar

Rai, T. S., & Fiske, A. (2010). ODD (observation- and description-deprived) psychological research. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2–3), 106–107.Google Scholar

Reips, U. D., & Krantz, J. H. (2010). Conducting true experiments on the web. In Gosling, S. & Johnson, J. (eds.), Advanced methods for conducting online behavioral research (pp. 193–216). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Reis, H. T., & Gosling, S. D. (2010). Social psychological methods outside the laboratory. In Fiske, S. T., Gilbert, D. T., & Lindzey, G. (eds.), Handbook of social psychology, 5th edn., Vol. 1 (pp. 82–114). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar

Roth, A. E. (1995). Bargaining Experiments. In Kagel, J. H., & Roth, A. E. (eds.), The handbook of experimental economics (pp. 253–348). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Sally, D. (1995). Conversation and cooperation in social dilemmas: A meta-analysis of experiments from 1958 to 1992. Rationality and Society, 7, 58–92.Google Scholar

Schelling, T. (1960). The strategy of conflict. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Schwarz, N. (2007). Attitude construction: Evaluation in context. Social Cognition, 25(5), 638–656.Google Scholar

Shweder, R. A. (2010). Donald Campbell's doubt: Cultural difference or failure of communication? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2–3), 109–110.Google Scholar

Sloman, S. A. (1996). The empirical case for two systems of reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 119(1), 3–22.Google Scholar

Smith, V. L. (1982). Microeconomic systems as an experimental science. The American Economic Review, 72(5), 923–955.Google Scholar

Spann, M., Hinz, O., Hann, I. H., & Skiera, B. (2010). Decision making in virtual worlds: An experimental test of altruism, fairness and presence. In European Conference on Information Systems.Google Scholar

Sprecher, S. (1998). Insiders’ perspectives on reasons for attraction to a close other. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61(4), 287–300.Google Scholar

Thaler, R. H., & Sunstein, C. R. (2008). Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Twieg, P. B., & McCabe, K. A. (2014). The determinants of territorial property rights in a spatial commons experiment. GMU Working Paper No. 14–40.Google Scholar

Weber, R., & Dawes, R. M. (2005). Behavioral economics. The handbook of economic sociology (pp. 90–108). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar

Weber, R. A., & Camerer, C. F. (2006). “Behavioral experiments” in economics. Experimental Economics, 9, 187–192.Google Scholar

Wheelan, S. A. (2005). The handbook of group research and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar

Yee, N. (2006). The demographics, motivations and derived experiences of users of massively-multiuser online graphical environments. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 15, 309–329.Google Scholar

Zajonc, R. B. (1965). Social facilitation. Science, 149(3681), 269–274.Google Scholar