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15 - Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

By
S. Guimond ,
A. Chatard ,
N. R. Branscombe ,
S. Brunot ,
A. P. Buunk ,
M. A. Conway ,
R. J. Crisp ,
M. Dambrun ,
M. Désert  and
D. M. Garcia
...Show all authors
Edited by
Serge Guimond
S. Guimond
Affiliation:
Professor of Psychology Université Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand France
A. Chatard
Affiliation:
Université de Genève Genève Switzerland
N. R. Branscombe
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA
S. Brunot
Affiliation:
Département de Psychologie Université Rennes 2 France
A. P. Buunk
Affiliation:
Unit of Social and Organisational Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands
M. A. Conway
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychological Sciences The University of Leeds England
R. J. Crisp
Affiliation:
School of Psychology The University of Birmingham England
M. Dambrun
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France
M. Désert
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France
D. M. Garcia
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA
S. Haque
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Malaysia
J.-P. Leyens
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
F. Lorenzi-Cioldi
Affiliation:
Université de Genève, FPSE Genève Switzerland
D. Martinot
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France
S. Redersdorff
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France
V. Yzerbyt
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
Serge Guimond
Affiliation:
Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
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Summary

This chapter reports on the results of a cross-cultural study of the effects of social comparison on self-construal among eight nations/cultures. It follows a previous report on five of these cultures (Guimond, Branscombe, Brunot, Buunk, Chatard, Désert, Garcia, Haque, Martinot, and Yzerbyt, 2005) and is linked to the previous chapter outlining some findings of the study in terms of gender stereotyping.

Past research and the specific contributions found in this volume indicate that social comparison processes are involved in many different attitudes and social behaviors. At the most general level, social comparison is a fundamental process by which knowledge is acquired. Indeed, most social psychologists would agree that social comparison is perhaps first and foremost critical for the creation of self-knowledge. To know who we are, we compare ourselves with others, or with ourselves in the past (see Part One, this volume). Some major developments in personality and social psychology have occurred by studying the self across cultures (see Berry, Poortinga, Segall, and Dasen, 1992; Markus and Kitayama, 1991; Shweder and Bourne, 1984; Triandis, 1989; see also Lorenzi-Cioldi and Chatard, this volume). For example, in their influential paper, Markus and Kitayama (1991) reviewed evidence suggesting that the self is defined in fundamentally different ways in western as opposed to eastern cultures. The western conception of self, and for several decades the only conception as far as social and personality psychologists were concerned, is that of an individual who is separate, autonomous, and composed of a set of discrete traits, abilities, and motives.

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Social Comparison and Social Psychology
Understanding Cognition, Intergroup Relations, and Culture
 , pp. 318 - 344
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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  • Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence
    • By S. Guimond, Professor of Psychology Université Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand France, A. Chatard, Université de Genève Genève Switzerland, N. R. Branscombe, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Brunot, Département de Psychologie Université Rennes 2 France, A. P. Buunk, Unit of Social and Organisational Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, M. A. Conway, Institute of Psychological Sciences The University of Leeds England, R. J. Crisp, School of Psychology The University of Birmingham England, M. Dambrun, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, M. Désert, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, D. M. Garcia, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Haque, Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Malaysia, J.-P. Leyens, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, F. Lorenzi-Cioldi, Université de Genève, FPSE Genève Switzerland, D. Martinot, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, S. Redersdorff, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, V. Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.017
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  • Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence
    • By S. Guimond, Professor of Psychology Université Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand France, A. Chatard, Université de Genève Genève Switzerland, N. R. Branscombe, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Brunot, Département de Psychologie Université Rennes 2 France, A. P. Buunk, Unit of Social and Organisational Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, M. A. Conway, Institute of Psychological Sciences The University of Leeds England, R. J. Crisp, School of Psychology The University of Birmingham England, M. Dambrun, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, M. Désert, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, D. M. Garcia, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Haque, Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Malaysia, J.-P. Leyens, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, F. Lorenzi-Cioldi, Université de Genève, FPSE Genève Switzerland, D. Martinot, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, S. Redersdorff, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, V. Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.017
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  • Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence
    • By S. Guimond, Professor of Psychology Université Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand France, A. Chatard, Université de Genève Genève Switzerland, N. R. Branscombe, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Brunot, Département de Psychologie Université Rennes 2 France, A. P. Buunk, Unit of Social and Organisational Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, M. A. Conway, Institute of Psychological Sciences The University of Leeds England, R. J. Crisp, School of Psychology The University of Birmingham England, M. Dambrun, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, M. Désert, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, D. M. Garcia, Department of Psychology University of Kansas USA, S. Haque, Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Malaysia, J.-P. Leyens, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, F. Lorenzi-Cioldi, Université de Genève, FPSE Genève Switzerland, D. Martinot, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, S. Redersdorff, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal France, V. Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.017
Available formats
×