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9 - Important topics in group living

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Jens Krause  and
Graeme Ruxton
Edited by
Tamás Székely ,
Allen J. Moore  and
Jan Komdeur
Jens Krause
Affiliation:
University of Leeds, UK
Graeme Ruxton
Affiliation:
University of Glasgow, UK
Tamás Székely
Affiliation:
University of Bath
Allen J. Moore
Affiliation:
University of Exeter
Jan Komdeur
Affiliation:
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
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Summary

Overview

Given the vast topic of group living, this chapter highlights research areas into group living that continue to attract considerable attention or represent new developments. By these criteria, three topics stood out to us: the selfish herd, social networks and collective behaviour. The selfish herd is the idea that aggregation of prey animals can occur simply through the selfish actions of individuals positioning themselves so as to reduce their risk of attack. This idea is very much at the core of why animals live in groups, and the theory has been influential for a considerable period. The idea of the selfish herd is simple but subtle, and we decided to discuss it carefully, since textbook discussions on this concept often ignore four aspects of complexity: more complex and realistic geometries than are normally considered; the underlying behavioural rules that might lead to selfish herd effects; the predicted outcome of such rules in terms of properties of the group; and the interaction of selfish herd effects with other selective pressures on group size, shape and composition.

The second emerging field we choose is the application of social network analysis (a conceptual and statistical tool from the social sciences) to animal groups and populations. Although this topic is not completely new, recent developments represent an exponential increase in new tools for studying social networks that makes network analysis a powerful method to understand social organisation.

Type
Chapter
Information
Social Behaviour
Genes, Ecology and Evolution
 , pp. 203 - 225
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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