In this chapter we introduce concepts in dental development, microanatomy of the tooth germ and mineralizing crowns, and terminology relating to dental morphology. Subsequently, tooth morphology in newborn hominoids (apes and humans) is discussed based on the literature, followed by accounts of the extent of crown mineralization at birth in a newly described sample of tarsiers, Old World monkeys, New World monkeys, and strepsirrhines (lemurs and lorises). Morphology of crowns is described in all species in which the crown is completely formed at birth. The chapter ends with a brief discussion of the “perinatal” trajectory of dental development in selected primate species based on a comparison of species at different stages (fetal, neonatal, and older infant), including some at similar known ages.