Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 January 2022
Ultimate limit states (ULS) are one of four types of limit states (described in Section 5.1), and represent a condition in which a particular structural member or an entire structure fails to perform its designated function as a result of progressive collapse due to a loss of structural stiffness and strength caused by buckling, plasticity and fracture (Paik 2018, 2020). If ULS are reached on a ship-shaped offshore installation, catastrophic failures may occur, leading to human casualties, structural collapse and environmental damage.
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