Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T20:48:22.688Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 9 - Substance Misuse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2024

By
Matthew Kelleher
Edited by
Rachel Thomasson ,
Elspeth Guthrie  and
Allan House
Rachel Thomasson
Affiliation:
Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences
Elspeth Guthrie
Affiliation:
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences
Allan House
Affiliation:
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences
Get access

Summary

substances other than alcohol (see Chapter 8). The purpose is to introduce the reader to the wide variety of substances that are abused by explaining why people may use them, why the use can be harmful and broadly how this is managed. Liaison psychiatry is the bridge between inpatient care and community care and this complex relationship is demonstrated herein when discussing the management of these cases that require the input of a variety of clinicians. The substances detailed are further subdivided to cover background information, acute intoxication, toxicity, withdrawal states and other management advice. ‘Top tips’ are included where appropriate, which are practical considerations to make based on day-to-day experience working in the field.

Keywords

drug misusesubstance misuseheroincocaineamphetaminecannabisdrug dependencedrug withdrawal
Type
Chapter
Information
Seminars in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry , pp. 134 - 157
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Caplehorn, J, Dalton, M, Haldar, F, Petrenas, A, Nisbet, J. Methadone maintenance and addicts’ risk of fatal heroin overdose. Subst Use Misuse. 1996;31(2):177–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trescot, A, Datta, S, Lee, M, Hansen, H. Opioid pharmacology. Pain Physician. 2008;11:133–53.Google ScholarPubMed
Walsh, S, Preston, K, Stitzer, M, Cone, E, Bigelow, G. Clinical pharmacology of buprenorphine: Ceiling effects at high doses. Clin Pharm Therap. 1994;55(5):569–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffin, C, Kaye, A, Bueno, F, Kaye, A. Benzodiazepine pharmacology and central nervous system-mediated effects. The Ochsner Journal. 2013;13(2):214–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Kang, M, Galuska, M, Ghassemzadeh, S. Benzodiazepine toxicity. 2021. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482238.Google Scholar
Wilson, K, Reardon, C, Theodore, A, Farber, H. Propylene glycol toxicity: A severe iatrogenic illness in ICU patients receiving IV benzodiazepines – A case series and prospective, observational pilot study. Chest. 2021;128(3):1674–81.Google Scholar
Madah-Amiri, D, Myrmel, L, Brattebø, G. Intoxication with GHB/GBL: Characteristics and trends from ambulance-attended overdoses. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2017;25(1).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abdulrahim, D, Bowden-Jones, O. Guidance on the management of acute and chronic harms of club drugs and novel psychoactive substances. 2015. http://neptune-clinical-guidance.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/NEPTUNE-Guidance-March-2015.pdf.Google Scholar
Hummel, M. D1 dopamine receptor: A putative neurochemical and behavioral link to cocaine action. J Cell Physiol. 2002;191(1):17–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dasgupta, A. Alcohol, Drugs, Genes, and the Clinical Laboratory. Amsterdam; 2017.Google Scholar
Richards, J, Le, J. Cocaine toxicity. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430976.Google Scholar
Havakuk, O, Rezkalla, S, Kloner, R. The cardiovascular effects of cocaine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(1):101–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumar, R, Chambers, W, Pertwee, R. Pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses of cannabis and cannabinoids. Anaesthesia. 2001;56(11):1059–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Resstel, L, Tavares, R, Lisboa, S, Joca, S, Corrêa, F, Guimarães, F. 5-HT1A receptors are involved in the cannabidiol-induced attenuation of behavioural and cardiovascular responses to acute restraint stress in rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2009;156(1):181–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Livne, O, Shmulewitz, D, Lev-Ran, S, Hasin, D. DSM-5 cannabis withdrawal syndrome: Demographic and clinical correlates in U.S. adults. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019;195:170–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Orhurhu, V, Vashisht, R, Claus, L, Cohen, S. Ketamine toxicity. 2021. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541087.Google Scholar
Srirangam, S, Mercer, J. Ketamine bladder syndrome: An important differential diagnosis when assessing a patient with persistent lower urinary tract symptoms. BMJ Case Reports. 2012;1–2.Google Scholar
Thompson, A, Leite, M, Lunn, M, Bennett, D. Whippits, nitrous oxide and the dangers of legal highs. Pract Neurol. 2015;15(3):207–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×