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14 - Impacts of Exotic and Native Species Invading Tidal Marshes

from Part III - Marsh Response to Stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2021

By
David M. Burdick ,
Gregg E. Moore  and
Katharyn E. Boyer
Edited by
Duncan M. FitzGerald  and
Zoe J. Hughes
Duncan M. FitzGerald
Affiliation:
Boston University
Zoe J. Hughes
Affiliation:
Boston University
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Summary

As humans have spread across the globe, travel and trade have deliberately or inadvertently carried and released animals and plants as well as microbes into new geographies. With human populations concentrated along rivers and coasts, it is not surprising that many exotic species have been released in coastal areas and a few can survive and thrive, especially in habitats similar to those where they evolved. In tidal marshes, organisms experience some of the most extreme physical conditions on earth: temperatures from −20 to 40°C, flooding twice a day but only a few times a month at higher elevations, sediments ranging from oxidized to severely reduced (Eh of +700 to −300 mV), soil salinity from hypersaline (40–90 ppt) to fresh depending on floodwater source and precipitation, and erosive forces from waves, currents, and ice at higher latitudes. Despite these harsh and variable conditions, there are many organisms adapted to tidal marshes, and new introductions and hybrids that can thrive given the opportunity.

Keywords

invasive speciesexoticsPhragmitesvertebratesmicro-invaders
Type
Chapter
Information
Salt Marshes
Function, Dynamics, and Stresses
 , pp. 367 - 387
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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