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5 - To Provide and to Protect

A Dual-Process Model of Foreign Policy Ideology for a Dangerous or Competitive World

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2023

Brian C. Rathbun
Affiliation:
University of Southern California
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Summary

Recent advances in moral and social psychology have made clear that political ideology has moorings in the same moral foundations thought to have evolutionary roots. A number of different scholars have converged on what Duckitt has labeled a “dual-process model” of political ideology, a two-dimensional framework for explaining the fundamental cleavages in politics. The first dimension captures binding morality, driven by a motivation to protect from threats. The second dimension captures a motivation to provide for others’ welfare, which defines virtue as taking care of others. Since there is no autonomous political sphere, however, we project these same cleavages onto foreign policy. I present evidence from two American and one Russian surveys showing that the two-dimensional models of foreign policy belief systems found to structure foreign policy attitudes in the United States and other countries have moral roots. Militant internationalism, our beliefs about the necessity of carrying a big stick and being willing to use it, are strongly associated with binding moral values, our motivation to protect. Cooperative internationalism, our beliefs about the gains to be had from cooperation and our obligations to others outside our own borders, is strongly associated with the moral motivation to provide.

Type
Chapter
Information
Right and Wronged in International Relations
Evolutionary Ethics, Moral Revolutions, and the Nature of Power Politics
, pp. 128 - 148
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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  • To Provide and to Protect
  • Brian C. Rathbun, University of Southern California
  • Book: Right and Wronged in International Relations
  • Online publication: 29 July 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009344722.005
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  • To Provide and to Protect
  • Brian C. Rathbun, University of Southern California
  • Book: Right and Wronged in International Relations
  • Online publication: 29 July 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009344722.005
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • To Provide and to Protect
  • Brian C. Rathbun, University of Southern California
  • Book: Right and Wronged in International Relations
  • Online publication: 29 July 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009344722.005
Available formats
×