Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century The Influence and Effects of the Politics, Information and Communication Mix
Book contents
- Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century
- Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- 1 Introduction: Motivation, Purpose and Structure of the Book
- 2 Informational Warfare: A Theoretical Approach
- 3 Understanding Political and Intangible Elements in Modern Wars
- 4 The Fourth Generation of Informational Warfare
- 5 The Culture and Language of Contemporary Armed Conflict
- 6 Different Shades of Information and Communication in Armed Conflict: White, Grey and Black
- 7 The Effects of Technological Evolution and Social Media on the Individual, Society and Politics
- 8 Western Hybrid Warfare: Crisis and Subversion in Regime Change
- 9 Geopolitics in the Age of Social Media: The Struggle for Influence on Ukraine
- 10 The Ukrainian and Syrian Conflicts: Civil Wars or Geopolitical Shatterbelts?
- 11 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Humankind, Society, and Politics
- 12 Conclusion: Summing Up the Knowledge and Answering the Questions
- Index
- References
11 - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Humankind, Society, and Politics
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 June 2023
Book contents
- Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century
- Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- 1 Introduction: Motivation, Purpose and Structure of the Book
- 2 Informational Warfare: A Theoretical Approach
- 3 Understanding Political and Intangible Elements in Modern Wars
- 4 The Fourth Generation of Informational Warfare
- 5 The Culture and Language of Contemporary Armed Conflict
- 6 Different Shades of Information and Communication in Armed Conflict: White, Grey and Black
- 7 The Effects of Technological Evolution and Social Media on the Individual, Society and Politics
- 8 Western Hybrid Warfare: Crisis and Subversion in Regime Change
- 9 Geopolitics in the Age of Social Media: The Struggle for Influence on Ukraine
- 10 The Ukrainian and Syrian Conflicts: Civil Wars or Geopolitical Shatterbelts?
- 11 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Humankind, Society, and Politics
- 12 Conclusion: Summing Up the Knowledge and Answering the Questions
- Index
- References
Summary
The Coronavirus pandemic brought a lot of disruption to all aspects of modern society, including social, economic, political and international aspects. The resulting crisis presented various risks and hazards globally, but where there are threats for some actors, others sense opportunities for attaining their goals. Consequently, around the virus pandemic was an infodemic that tested individual, organisational and governmental responses to COVID-19.
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Rethinking Warfare in the 21st CenturyThe Influence and Effects of the Politics, Information and Communication Mix, pp. 308 - 340Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023
References
Ambrose, J. (2020), OPEC Poised to Slash Oil Output as Coronavirus Cuts Demand, The Guardian, 5 March 2020, www.theguardian.com/business/2020/mar/05/opec-poised-to-slash-oil-output-as-coronavirus-cuts-demand.Google Scholar
Aron, L. (24 April 2020), The Coronavirus Could Imperil Putin’s Presidency, in Wall Street Journal, at www.wsj.com/articles/the-coronavirus-could-imperil-putins-presidency-11587682524.Google Scholar
Baker, J. (2020), Europe’s Disinformation Epidemic: Who’s Checking the Facts? https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/05/06/disinfo-reaches-epidemic-proportions-and-needs-serious-eu-response.Google Scholar
Balmforth, T. (26 March 2020), Poll Finds Russians Split Over Allowing Putin to Extend Rule, REUTERS, www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-putin-poll/poll-finds-russians-split-over-allowing-putin-to-extend-rule-idUSKBN21E1T2.Google Scholar
Bodenheimer, M. & Leidenberger, J. (2020), COVID-19 as a Window of Opportunity for Sustainability Transitions? Narratives and Communication Strategies Beyond the Pandemic, Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16(1), pp. 61–66, DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2020.1766318.Google Scholar
Chapelan, A. (2021), “Swallowing the Red Pill”: The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Political Imaginary of Stigmatized Knowledge in the Discourse of the Far-right, Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 19, pp. 282–312. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42738–021-00073-2.Google Scholar
Chifu, I. (2020a), Sfârșitul coșmarului: scenariile prospective pentru criza de coronavirus – pauza de 3 luni, îngheț un an sau amenințare eternă a omenirii, Adevărul, 3 May, at https://adevarul.ro/international/in-lume/sfarsitul-cosmarului-scenariile-prospective-criza-coronavirus-pauza-3-luni-inghet-an-amenintare-eterna-omenirii-1_5e86bdb55163ec427167438b/index.html.Google Scholar
Chifu, I. (2020b), Coronavirusul. Lecții pentru decidenți în vremuri de criză, March 13, Adevărul, at https://adevarul.ro/news/eveniment/coronavirusul-lectii-pentrudecidenti-in-vremuri-criza-1_5e6b5fd25163ec4271e89459/index.html.Google Scholar
Chifu, I. & Șaranuța, D. (2020), Coronavirus Pandemic and the Changes of the World, Bucharest: Publishing House of the Institute of Political Sciences and International Relations “Ion I. C. Brătianu” of the Romanian Academy.Google Scholar
Collinson, S. (2020), Trump Predicts “This Is Going to Be Bad” but Vows to Reopen America, CNN, 24 March, https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/24/politics/donald-trump-coronavirus-strategy/index.html.Google Scholar
Connock, A. (2020), The Coronavirus Infowar: What Went Wrong?, https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:55e22eea-047d-4a8c-a7a5-653e69a23399.Google Scholar
Cordell, J. (2020), Explainer: What Happened to Oil Prices and What Does It Mean for Russia?, The Moscow Times, 21 April, www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/04/21/explainer-what-happened-to-wti-oil-prices-and-what-does-it-mean-for-russia-a70055.Google Scholar
DiGeorgia, J. (2020), Russian President Vladimir Putin Will End Up Assassinated Because of the Oil Market Crash, Wall Street Rebel, 29 April, https://wallstreetrebel.com/wsr/articles/russian_president_vladimir_putin_will_end_up_assassinated_because_of_the_oil_mar/2020-04-29-18-13-54.html.Google Scholar
Dubow, B., Lucas, E. & Morris, J. (2021), Jabbed in the Back: Mapping Russian and Chinese Information Operations During the COVID-19 Pandemic, CEPA, 2 December, https://cepa.org/comprehensive-reports/jabbed-in-the-back-mapping-russian-and-chinese-information-operations-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/.Google Scholar
Egan, M. (2020), Oil Prices Keep Tumbling, With No Sign of Stopping, CNN Business, 12 March, https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/12/investing/oil-prices-trump-europe-travel-ban-coronavirus/index.html.Google Scholar
Financial Times (2020), Russia’s Economic Woes Will Clip Vladimir Putin’s Wings, April 27, www.ft.com/content/d000617c-8620-11ea-b872-8db45d5f6714.Google Scholar
Freckelton, I. (2020), COVID-19: Fear, Quackery, False Representations and the Law, International Journal of Law Psychiatry, September–October, 72:101611. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101611.Google Scholar
France24 (2020), Trump and Macron Urge Increased Cooperation on Coronavirus at the UN, 4 April, www.france24.com/en/20200404-trump-and-macron-urge-for-increased-cooperation-on-coronavirus-from-the-un.Google Scholar
Foxall, A. (29 April 2020), COVID-19 Is Testing Putin’s Regime, The Spectator, at www.spectator.co.uk/article/COVID-19-is-testing-putin-s-regime.Google Scholar
Foy, H. & Seddon, M. (23 April 2020), Economic Woes Undermine Putin’s Pledge Pandemic Is “Under Control,’” Financial Times, at www.ft.com/content/63ea4134-ce5c-48dc-a0e0-0fde43948d86.Google Scholar
Fukuyama, F. (2019), Identity: Contemporary Identity Politics and the Struggle for Recognition, London: Profile Books.Google Scholar
Griffiths, J. (2020), China’s Model of Control Has Been Blamed for the Coronavirus Crisis, but for Some It’s Looking Increasingly Attractive, CNN, 29 April, https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/28/asia/china-coronavirus-model-democracy-intl-hnk/index.html.Google Scholar
Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, (2020), Russia Analytical Report, 20–27 April, at www.russiamatters.org/news/russia-analytical-report/russia-analytical-report-april-20-27-2020.Google Scholar
Higgins, A. (30 April 2020), Putin, Russia’s Man of Action, Is Passive, Even Bored, in the Coronavirus Era, New York Times, at www.nytimes.com/2020/04/30/world/europe/russia-putin-coronavirus.html.Google Scholar
Jones, A. (2020), The Great Reset Conspiracy Flourishes Amid Continued Pandemic, www.adl.org/resources/blog/great-reset-conspiracy-flourishes-amid-continued-pandemic.Google Scholar
Kirillova, K. (2020), Russia Tries to Capitalize on the Coronavirus Pandemic, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 17 (49), 13 April, https://jamestown.org/program/russia-tries-to-capitalize-on-the-coronavirus-pandemic/.Google Scholar
Mshvidobadze, M. (2020), Trio Pandemic Propaganda: How China, Russia and Iran Are Targeting the West, GFSIS, 23 April, www.gfsis.org/blog/view/1067.Google Scholar
Oil Price.com (2020), Oil Crisis Challenges Putin’s Power, 18 April, https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/Oil-Crisis-Challenges-Putins-Power.html.Google Scholar
Pifer, S. (2020), Putin’s Not-So-Excellent Spring, Brookings Institution/ Stanford CISAC, 23 April, www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/04/23/putins-not-so-excellent-spring/.Google Scholar
Pismennaya, E., Arkhipov, I. & Meyer, H. (2020), Russia Paid a Heavy Price to End the Oil Price War, World Oil, 13 April, www.worldoil.com/news/2020/4/13/russia-paid-a-heavy-price-to-end-the-oil-price-war.Google Scholar
RFE/RL (28 April 2020), Poll Finds Russians’ Trust In Putin Dips To Lowest Point In 14 Years, at www.rferl.org/a/poll-finds-russians-trust-in-putin-dips-to-lowest-point-in-14-years/30581727.html.Google Scholar
Roger, J. (January 2019), Audit of Geopolitical Capability. An Assessment of 20 Major Powers, Henry Jackson Society, ISBN: 978-1-909035-50-8, 64 pp, at https://henryjacksonsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/HJS-2019-Audit-of-Geopolitical-Capability-Report-web.pdf.Google Scholar
Reed, S. (2020), Oil Prices Nose-Dive as OPEC and Russia Fail to Reach a Deal, The New York Times, 6 March, at www.nytimes.com/2020/03/06/business/opec-oil-prices-russia.html.Google Scholar
Ruvinsky, V. & Aptekar, P. (2021), The Coronavirus Gave Europe’s Leaders a Popularity Boost. Putin Hasn’t Fared As Well, The Moscow Times, 1 May at www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/04/30/the-coronavirus-gave-europes-leaders-a-popularity-boost-putin-hasnt-fared-as-well-a70157.Google Scholar
Sturm, T. & Albrecht, T. (2021), Constituent COVID-19 Apocalypses: Contagious Conspiracism, 5G, and Viral Vaccinations, Anthropology & Medicine, 28(1), pp. 122–139, DOI: 10.1080/13648470.2020.1833684.Google Scholar
The Moscow Times (2020a), Russians’ Trust in Putin Hits 14-Year Low – State Poll, Updated: April 28, www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/04/28/russians-trust-in-putin-hits-14-year-low-state-poll-a70128.Google Scholar
The Moscow Times (2020b), Coronavirus Hits Russian Markets | May 1, The Moscow Times, 1 May, www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/05/01/russia-coronavirus-ruble-stock-market-reaction-live-updates-a69640.Google Scholar
Theron, M. (2020), Oil Plunges 11%, the Most Since 2014, After Russia Refuses Saudi Arabia’s Request to Cut Output, Business Insider, 6 March, at https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/oil-price-plunges-coronavirus-fears-opec-russia-clash-cuts-2020-3-1028971722.Google Scholar
Thompson, M. & Defterios, J. (2020), Oil Just Had Its Worst Day in 11 Years As OPEC and Russia Fall Out Over the Coronavirus Crisis, CNN Business, 6 March, at https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/06/business/oil-prices-opec-disarray/index.html.Google Scholar
Vedomosti (2020), Levada Opinion Poll: Trust Level and Rating of Vladimir Putin, at www.vedomosti.ru/society/articles/2020/03/26/826370-konstitutsionnaya-popravka.Google Scholar
Wolf, Z. B. (2020), Dollars vs. Deaths Is the Sickening Choice Created by Coronavirus, CNN, 23 March, at https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/23/politics/what-matters-march-23/index.html.Google Scholar
Zlobin, A. (27 April 2020), Уровень доверия к Путину упал до минимума за 14 лет, Forbes Russia, at www.forbes.ru/newsroom/obshchestvo/399199-uroven-doveriya-k-putinu-upal-do-minimuma-za-14-let.Google Scholar