This chapter discusses corruption in Brazil. I provide a comprehensive overview of relevant facts, with a focus on the economy and the distribution of economic resources. This understanding will be crucial in examining the role of corruption in the political landscape of Brazilian society, which is marked by pronounced inequality. Brazil shares similarities and differences with Russia. In both countries, there is a close, often corrupt relationship between political power and state-controlled enterprises. In contrast to Brazil, the anti-corruption movement in Russia has not only failed to seriously challenge the government, but also has been confronted by brutal repression. Unlike in Russia, Brazil’s judiciary has been highly proactive. Moreover, the Brazilian government participated actively to the anti-corruption global regime, while Russia mostly pays lip service to it.