Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T19:31:15.593Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Disorders of Ovulation and Reproductive Endocrine Disorders Associated with Infertility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2021

By
Sesh K. Sunkara
Edited by
Siladitya Bhattacharya  and
Mark Hamilton
Siladitya Bhattacharya
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen
Mark Hamilton
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen
Get access

Summary

Anovulation represents one of the main causes of female infertility, and establishing the underlying cause is critical to ensure effective treatment. This chapter details the various disorders of ovulation, including polycystic ovary syndrome, which is the most common cause. It discusses the systematic approaches to treating disorders of ovulation and reproductive endocrine disorders associated with infertility.

Keywords

female infertilityovulatory disordersWHO group 1WHO group 2WHO group 3polycystic ovary syndromehypothalamic hypogonadotrphismpremature ovarian insufficiency
Type
Chapter
Information
Reproductive Medicine for the MRCOG , pp. 13 - 21
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM‐Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long‐term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2003;81:19–25.Google Scholar
Huber-Buchholz, MM, Carey, DG, Norman, RJ. Restoration of reproductive potential by lifestyle modification in obese polycystic ovary syndrome: role of insulin sensitivity and luteinizing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:1470–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Kiddy, DS, Hamilton-Fairley, D, Bush, A, Short, F, Anyaoku, V, Reed, MJ, Franks, S. Improvement in endocrine and ovarian function during dietary treatment of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1992;36:105–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moran, LJ, Hutchison, SK, Norman, RJ, Teede, HJ. Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jul 6;7:CD007506.Google Scholar
Greenblatt, RB, Barfield, WE, Jungck, EC, Ray, AW. Induction of ovulation with MRL/41: preliminary report. JAMA. 1961;178:101–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, J, Farquhar, C. Clomiphene and other antioestrogens for ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Dec 15;12:CD002249.Google Scholar
Wang, R, Kim, BV, van Wely, M, et al. Treatment strategies for women with WHO group II anovulation: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2017;31:356:j138.Google Scholar
Homburg, R. Clomiphene citrate: End of an era? A mini-review. Hum Reprod. 2005;20:2043–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Messinis, IE. Ovulation induction: a mini review. Hum Reprod. 2005;20:2688–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kousta, E, White, DM, Franks, S. Modern use of clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation. Hum Reprod Update. 1997;3:359–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NICE Clinical Guideline 156. Assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems. www.nice.org.uk//guidance//cg156Google Scholar
Gadalla, MA, Huang, S, Wang, R, et al. Effect of clomiphene citrate on endometrial thickness, ovulation, pregnancy and live birth in anovulatory women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018;51:64–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morley, LC, Tang, T, Yasmin, E, Norman, RJ, Balen, AH. Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Nov 29;11:CD003053.Google Scholar
Balen, AH, Morley, LC, Misso, M, et al. The management of anovulatory infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance. Hum Reprod Update. 2016;22:687–708.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitwally, MF, Casper, RF. Use of an aromatase inhibitor for induction of ovulation in patients with an inadequate response to clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril. 2001;75:305–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teede, HJ, Misso, ML, Costello, MF, et al.; International PCOS Network. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2018;33:1602–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balen, A, Tan, SL, Jacobs, H. Hypersecretion of luteinising hormone: a significant cause of infertility and miscarriage. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993;100:1082–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farquhar, C, Brown, J, Marjoribanks, J. Laparoscopic drilling by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Jun 13;6:CD001122.Google Scholar
White, DM, Polson, DW, Kiddy, D, et al. Induction of ovulation with low-dose gonadotropins in polycystic ovary syndrome: an analysis of 109 pregnancies in 225 women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3821–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Veltman-Verhulst, SM, van Haeften, TW, Eijkemans, MJ, de Valk, HW, Fauser, BC, Goverde, AJ. Sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations before conception as a predictor for gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2010;25:3123–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kasum, M, Pavičić-Baldani, D, Stanić, P, Orešković, S, Sarić, JM, Blajić, J, Juras, J. Importance of macroprolactinemia in hyperprolactinemia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014 Dec;183:28–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cortet-Rudelli, C, Sapin, R, Bonnecille, JF, Brune, T. Etiological diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2007;68:98–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robin, G, Catteau-Jonard, S, Young, J. Physiopathological link between polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperprolactinemia: myth or reality? Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2011;39:141–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Verhelst, J, Abs, R. Hyperprolactinemia: pathophysiology and management. Treat Endocrinol. 2003;2:23–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Capozzi, A, Scambia, G, Pontecorvi, A, Lello, S. Hyperprolactinemia: pathophysiology and therapeutic approach. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:506–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mikhael, S, Punjala-Patel, A, Gavrilova-Jordan, L. Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis disorders impacting female fertility. Biomedicines. 2019;7. pii: E5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Guideline Group on POI, Webber, L, Davies, M, et al. ESHRE Guideline: management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod. 2016;31:926–37.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×