Ordinary people’s intuitive thinking about readers of journal articles typically focuses on the scientific community. The four real-life cases, Seth, Tim, and Chris, Singer and Willett, suggest that readers are important, diverse, complex, and broad. Among various types of readers, peer reviewers and science journalists are two special and critical groups of readers. To publish our manuscripts successfully, four practical suggestions are offered: understanding readers and always have our readers in mind before or after we prepare our manuscripts; understandingreviewers and always have peer reviewers in mind before we write a manuscript; and understanding journalists and always have scientific reporters in mind after we publish a journal article.