Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T20:32:16.942Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 September 2009

John S. Dryzek
Affiliation:
Australian National University, Canberra
Leslie Templeman Holmes
Affiliation:
University of Melbourne
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Post-Communist Democratization
Political Discourses Across Thirteen Countries
, pp. 274 - 290
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ágh, Attila. 1993. The “Comparative Revolution” and the Transition in Central and Southern Europe. Journal of Theoretical Politics, 5 (2): 231–52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ágh, Attila 1999. Processes of Democratization in the East Central European and Balkan States: Sovereignty-Related Conflicts in the Context of Europeanization. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (3): 263–79CrossRef
Alker, Hayward R. Jr., and David Sylvan. 1986. Political Discourse Analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC
Anonymous. 1999. Constitution Watch: Belarus. East European Constitutional Review Online, 8 (4) online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol8num4/constitutionwatch/belarus.html
Anonymous. 2000. Constitution Watch: Moldova. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2) online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/constitutionwatch/moldova.html
Arato, Andrew. 1993. Interpreting 1989. Social Research, 60: 609–46Google Scholar
Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Ascherson, Neal. 1982. The Polish August: The Self-Limiting Revolution. New York: Viking
Auer, Stefan. 2000. Nationalism in Central Europe: A Chance or a Threat for the Emerging Liberal Democratic Order?East European Politics and Societies, 14 (2): 213–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avineri, Shlomo. 1997. State Weakness as an Obstacle to Democratization. East European Constitutional Review, 6 (1): 94–9Google Scholar
Bankowicz, Marek. 1994a. Bulgaria: The Continuing Revolution. 219–37 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Bankowicz, Marek. 1994b. Czechoslovakia: From Masaryk to Havel. 142–68 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London: Sage
Beck, Ulrich, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash. 1994. Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Cambridge: Polity
Bell, John D. 1991. Modernization through Secularization in Bulgaria. 15–32 in Gerasimos Augustinos (ed.), Diverse Paths to Modernity in Southeastern Europe. New York: Greenwood
Bell-Fialkoff, Andrew. 1993. A Brief History of Ethnic Cleansing. Foreign Affairs, 72 (3): 110–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berglund, Sten, and Jan Åke Dellenbrant (eds.). 1994. The New Democracies in Eastern Europe: Party Systems and Political Cleavages, 2nd edn. Aldershot: Edward Elgar
Berglund, Sten, Tomas Hellén, and Frank Aarebrot (eds.). 1998. The Handbook of Political Change in Eastern Europe. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Bernhard, Michael. 1996. Civil Society after the First Transition: Dilemmas of Post-Communist Democratization in Poland and beyond. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 29 (3): 309–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertsch, Gary. 1973. The Revival of Nationalisms. Problems of Communism, 22 (6): 1–15Google Scholar
Bielasiak, Jack. 1997. Substance and Process in the Development of Party Systems in East Central Europe. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30 (1): 23–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binder, Leonard, et al. 1971. Crises and Sequences in Political Development. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Birch, Sarah, and Wilson, Andrew. 1999. The Ukrainian Parliamentary Elections of 1998. Electoral Studies, 18 (2): 276–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Block, Fred. 1977. The Ruling Class Does Not Rule: Notes on the Marxist Theory of the State. Socialist Revolution, 7: 6–28Google Scholar
Bollen, Kenneth. 1980. Issues in the Comparative Measurement of Political Democracy. American Sociological Review, 45 (3): 370–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1990. In Other Words. Cambridge: Polity
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1993. The Field of Cultural Production. New York: Columbia University Press
Bowles, Paul, and Dong, Xiao-yuan. 1994. Current Success and Future Challenge in China's Economic Reforms. New Left Review, 208: 49-76Google Scholar
Bremmer, Ian, and Ray Taras (eds.). 1993. Nations and Politics in the Soviet Successor States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Bremmer, Ian, and Ray Taras (eds.). 1997. New States, New Politics: Building the Post-Soviet Nations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
, Breslauer, , George, Brada, Josef, Gaddy, Clifford, Ericson, Richard, Saivetz, Carol, and Winston, Victor. 2000. Russia at the End of Yel'tsin's Presidency. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (1): 1–32Google Scholar
Brown, Archie. 1999. Russia and Democratization. Problems of Post-Communism, 46 (5): 3–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Archie 2000. Transnational Influences in the Transition from Communism. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (2): 177–200
Brown, James F. 1994. Hopes and Shadows: Eastern Europe After Communism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
Brown, Steven R. 1980. Political Subjectivity: Applications of Q Methodology in Political Science. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Brown, Steven R. 1986. Q Technique and Method: Principles and Procedures. 57–76 in William D. Berry and Michael S. Lewis-Beck (eds.), New Tools for Social Scientists. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
Brubaker, Rogers. 1996. Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Brucan, Silviu. 1992. Democracy at Odds with the Market in Post-Communist Societies. 19–25 in Michael Keren and Gur Ofer (eds.), Trials of Transition: Economic Reform in the Former Soviet Bloc. Boulder, CO: Westview
Bryant, Christopher, and Edmund Mokrzycki. 1994. Introduction: Theorizing the Changes in East-Central Europe. 1–13 in Christopher Bryant and Edmund Mokrzycki (eds.), The New Great Transformation? Change and Continuity in East-Central Europe. London: Routledge
Brzezinski, Zbigniew. 1993. The Great Transformation. National Interest, 33: 3–13Google Scholar
Bunce, Valerie. 1995a. Paper Curtains and Paper Tigers. Slavic Review, 54 (4): 979–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunce, Valerie 1995b. Should Transitologists be Grounded?Slavic Review, 54 (1): 111–27CrossRef
Bunce, Valerie 1999a. The Political Economy of Postsocialism. Slavic Review, 58 (4): 756–93CrossRef
Bunce, Valerie 1999b. Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destruction of Socialism and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Bútora, Martin. 1999. The Present State of Democracy in Slovakia. 93–104 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Campbell, Adrian. 1996. Local Government and the Centre in Romania and Moldova. 73–112 in Gibson and Hanson, 1996
Canovan, Margaret E. 1987. Republicanism. 433–6 in David Miller (ed.), The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Carassava, Anthee. 2000. A Greek Tragedy. Time Europe. April 10
Carpenter, Michael. 1997. Slovakia and the Triumph of Nationalistic Populism. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30: 205–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CCTV (China Central TV). 1988. He shang [River elegy]. June
Chirot, Daniel (ed.). 1989a. Causes and Consequences of Backwardness. 1–14 in Chirot 1989b
Chirot, Daniel 1989b. The Origins of Backwardness in Eastern Europe: Economics and Politics from the Middle Ages until the Early Twentieth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press
Cohen, Lenard. 1995. Broken Bonds. Boulder, CO: Westview
Commisso, Ellen. 1997. Is the Glass Half Full or Half Empty? Reflections on Five Years of Competitive Politics in Eastern Europe. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30: 1–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crampton, Richard. 1997. A Concise History of Bulgaria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Crowther, William. 1997a. Moldova: Caught between Nation and Empire. 316–49 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Crowther, William. 1997b. The Politics of Democratization in Postcommunist Moldova. 282–329 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Cumings, Bruce. 1999. Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American–East Asian Relations at the End of the Century. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997a. The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997b. Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997c. Politics, Power, and the Struggle for Democracy in South-East Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
de Winter, Lieven, and Huri Türsan (eds.). 1998. Regionalist Parties in Western Europe. London: Routledge
Dellenbrant, Jan Åke. 1994. Romania: The Slow Revolution. 203–18 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Di Palma, Giuseppe. 1990. To Craft Democracies. Berkeley: University of California Press
Di Palma, Giuseppe. 1993. Why Democracy Can Work in Eastern Europe. 257–67 in Larry Diamond and Marc Plattner (eds.), The Global Resurgence of Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Dimitrijevic, Vojin. 1994. The 1974 Constitution as a Factor in the Collapse of Yugoslavia or as a Sign of Decaying Totalitarianism. Working Paper, RSC No. 94/9. Florence: European University Institute
Dimitrijevic, Vojin. 1996. Sukobi oko ustava iz 1974 [Conflicts over the 1974 Constitution]. 447–71 in Popov, 1996
Dimitrov, Georgi, Petya Kabakchieva, and Zheko Kiossev. 1996. Russia and Bulgaria: Farewell Democracy. Sofia: LIK Publishing House
Dinkic, Mladjen. 1995. Ekonomija destrukcije: velika pljacka naroda [The economy of destruction: great robbery of the nation]. Belgrade: Vin
Dittmer, Lowell. 1987. Public and Private Interests and the Participatory Ethic in China. 18–27 in Victor C. Falkenheim (ed.), Citizens and Groups in Contemporary China. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan
Djordjevich, Dusan. 1999. Report on South-Eastern Europe: Concepts, Histories, Boundaries. Report on a conference held at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London, June 19. Online at http://www.ssees.ac.uk/concrept.htm
Dryzek, John S. 1994. Australian Discourses of Democracy. Australian Journal of Political Science, 29: 221–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dryzek, John S. 1996a. Democracy in Capitalist Times: Ideals, Limits and Struggles. New York: Oxford University Press
Dryzek, John S. 1996b. Political Inclusion and the Dynamics of Democratization. American Political Science Review, 90 (3): 475–87CrossRef
Dryzek, John S., and Berejikian, Jeffrey. 1993. Reconstructive Democratic Theory. American Political Science Review, 87 (1): 48–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dryzek, John S., and Holmes, Leslie. 2000. The Real World of Civic Republicanism: Making Democracy Work in Poland and the Czech Republic. Europe–Asia Studies, 52 (6): 1043–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudwick, Nora. 1997. Armenia: Paradise Lost? 471–504 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Dunlop, John. 1993. Russia: Confronting a Loss of Empire. 43–72 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Elster, Jon, Claus Offe, and Ulrich Preuss (with others). 1998. Institutional Design in Post-Communist Societies: Rebuilding the Ship at Sea. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Encarnación, Omar. 2000. Beyond Transition: The Politics of Democratic Consolidation. Comparative Politics, 32 (4): 479–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
European Commission. 1997. Agenda 2000: Commission Opinion on Slovakia's Application for Membership of the European Union. Brussels: European Union
Evans, Geoffrey, and Stephen Whitefield. 1996. Cleavage Formation in Transitional Societies: Russia, Ukraine and Estonia. Unpublished paper presented at the 1996 Annual Conference of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco
Fischer-Galati, Stephen. 1991. Twentieth-Century Romania. New York: Columbia University Press
Fish, M. Steven. 1998. Democratization's Requisites: The Postcommunist Experience. Post-Soviet Affairs, 14 (3): 212–47Google Scholar
Fish, M. Steven. 1999. Postcommunist Subversion: Social Science and Democratization in East Europe and Eurasia. Slavic Review, 58 (4): 794–823CrossRef
Fitzmaurice, John. 1998. Politics and Government in the Visegrad Countries. London: Macmillan
Flers, René. 1984. Socialism in One Family. Survey, 28 (4): 165–75Google Scholar
Frentzel-Zagorska, Janina. 1989. Semi-Free Elections in Poland. Unpublished paper presented at the Australasian Political Studies Association Annual Conference, Sydney
Fukuyama, Francis. 1989. The End of History? National Interest, Summer: 3–18
Fukuyama, Francis. 1992. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: Free Press
Gallagher, Tom. 1995a. Democratization in the Balkans: Challenges and Prospects. Democratization, 2 (3): 337–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallagher, Tom. 1995b. Romania after Ceauşescu: The Politics of Intolerance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Ganev, Venelin I. 1997. Bulgaria's Symphony of Hope. Journal of Democracy, 8 (4): 125–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnett, , Sherman, , and Lebenson, Rachel. 1998. Ukraine Joins the Fray: Will Peace Come to Trans-Dniestria?Problems of Post-Communism, 45 (6): 22–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasiorowski, Mark J. 2000. Democracy and Macroeconomic Performance in Underdeveloped Countries. Comparative Political Studies, 33 (3): 319–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gati, Charles. 1990. East-Central Europe: The Morning After. Foreign Affairs, 69 (5): 129–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gati, Charles. 1996. If Not Democracy, What? Leaders, Laggards and Losers in the Post-Communist World. 168–98 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Gibson, John, and Philip Hanson (eds.). 1996. Transformation from Below: Local Power and the Political Economy of Post-Communist Transition. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Gilberg, Trond. 1990. Nationalism and Communism in Romania: The Rise and Fall of Ceauşescu's Personal Dictatorship. Boulder, CO: Westview
Gitelman, Zvi. 1994. Nationality and Ethnicity in Russia and the Post-Soviet Republics. 237–65 in White, Pravda, and Gitelman, 1994
Glenny, Misha. 1993. The Fall of Yugoslavia. London: Penguin
Green, A. T., and , C. Skalnik Leff. 1997. The Quality of Democracy: Mass–Elite Linkages in the Czech Republic. Democratization, 4: 63-87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grzybowski, Marian. 1994. Poland: Towards Overdeveloped Pluralism. 36–73 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Habermas, Jürgen. 1979. Communication and the Evolution of Society. Boston: Beacon Press
Hadzhiiski, Ivan. 1997. Optimistichna teoria za nashya narod. Sofia: Otechestvo
Halbach, Uwe. 1997. Präkare Transformation: Reform und Stabilitätswahrung in Kaukasien und Zentralasien. 105–15 in Höhmann, 1997
Havel, Václav, et al. 1985. The Power of the Powerless: Citizens against the State. Armonk, NY: Sharpe
Held, Joseph (ed.). 1992. Columbia History of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. New York: Columbia University Press
Hellén, Tomas, Berglund, Sten, and Aarebrot, Frank. 1998. From Transition to Consolidation. 365–77 in Berglund, Hellén, and Aarebrot, 1998
Hill, Ronald J. 1994. Parties and the Party System. 88–108 in White, Pravda, and Gitelman, 1994
Hindess, Barry. 2000. Representation Ingrafted upon Democracy. Democratization, 7 (2): 1–18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Höhmann, Hans-Hermann (chief ed.). 1997. Der Osten Europas im Prozeß der Differenzierung: Fortschritte und Miß erfolge der Transformation. Munich: Carl Hanser Verlag
Holmes, Leslie. 1993. The End of Communist Power: Anti-Corruption Campaigns and Legitimation Crisis. New York: Oxford University Press
Holmes, Leslie. 1996. Poland and Hungary: Two Approaches to Post-Communist Transition?Russia and Euro-Asia Bulletin, 5 (12): 1–8
Holmes, Leslie. 1998. The Democratic State or State Democracy? Problems of Post-Communist Transition. Jean Monnet Chair Papers, no. 48. Florence: European University Institute
Holmes, Stephen. 1995. Conceptions of Democracy in the Draft Constitutions of Post-Communist Countries. 71–81 in Beverly Crawford (ed.), Markets, States and Democracy. Boulder, CO: Westview
Holmes, Stephen. 1996. Cultural Legacies or State Collapse? 22–76 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Holmes, Stephen. 1997. What Russia Teaches Us Now: How Weak States Threaten Freedom. American Prospect, 33: 30–9
Holtbrügge, Dirk. 1996. Weißrußland. Munich: Beck
Hua, Shiping. 1992. All Roads Lead to Democracy: A Critical Analysis of the Writings of Three Chinese Reformist Intellectuals. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, 24: 43–58Google Scholar
Hughes, J. 2000. Transition Models and Democratisation in Russia. 21–49 in M. Bowker and C. Ross (eds.), Russia after the Cold War. London: Longman
Hunter, Shireen. 1993. Azerbaijan: Search for Identity and New Partners. 225–60 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Huntington, Samuel. 1991. The Third Wave. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press
Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon and Schuster
Huskey, Eugene. 1999. Presidential Power in Russia. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe
Ionescu, Ghita. 1964. Communism in Romania: 1944–1962. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Isaac, Jeffrey. 1994. Oases in the Desert: Hannah Arendt on Democratic Politics. American Political Science Review, 88 (1): 156–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isiyama, John T., and Velten, Matthew. 1998. Presidential Power and Democratic Development in Post-Communist Politics. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 31: 217–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janos, Andrew C. 1995. Europe, East Central. 442–51 in Seymour Martin Lipset (ed.), Encyclopedia of Democracy, vol. Ⅱ. London: Routledge
Jenner, William J. F. 1992. The Tyranny of History: The Roots of China's Crisis. Harmondsworth: Penguin
Johnson, James. 1991. Rational Choice as a Reconstructive Theory. 113–42 in Kristin Monroe (ed.), The Economic Approach to Politics. New York: HarperCollins
Jones, Stephen F. 1993. Georgia: A Failed Democratic Transition. 288–310 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Jones, Stephen F. 1997. Georgia: The Trauma of Statehood. 505–43 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Jones, Stephen F. 2000. Democracy from below: Interest Groups in Georgian Society. Slavic Review, 59 (1): 42–73CrossRef
Jowitt, Ken. 1992. New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction. Berkeley: University of California Press
Kaldor, Mary, and Vejvoda, Ivan. 1997. Democratization in Central and East European Countries. International Affairs, 73: 59–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaldor, Mary, and Ivan Vejvoda. (eds.). 1999. Democratization in Central and Eastern Europe. London: Frances Pinter
Karasimeonov, Georgi. 1998. Bulgaria. 335–64 in Berglund, Hellén, and Aarebrot, 1998
Karatnycky, Adrian. 1995. Ukraine at the Crossroads. Journal of Democracy, 6 (1): 117–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karl, Terry Lynn, and Schmitter, Philippe. 1995. From an Iron Curtain to a Paper Curtain: Grounding Transitologists or Students of Postcommunism?Slavic Review, 54 (4): 965–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kavan, Zdeněk and Martin Palouš. 1999. Democracy in the Czech Republic. 78–92 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Kettle, Steve. 1995. Of Money and Morality. Transition, 1 (3): 36–9Google Scholar
King, Charles. 2000. The Moldovans: Romania, Russia and the Politics of Culture. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press
Kirschbaum, Stanislav. 1995. A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival. London: Macmillan
Kitschelt, Herbert, Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radslaw Markowski, and Gábor Tóka. 1999. Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation and Inter-Party Cooperation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Kitzinger, Celia. 1986. Introducing and Developing Q as a Feminist Methodology. 151–72 in Sue Wilkinson (ed.), Feminist Social Psychology. Milton Keynes: Open University Press
Kolarova, Rumyana. 1999. Democratization in Bulgaria: Recent Trends. 150–61 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Konrád, George [György]. 1984. Antipolitics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Kopecky, Petr, and Mudde, Cas. 2000. What Has Eastern Europe Taught Us about the Democratisation Literature (and Vice Versa)?European Journal of Political Research, 37: 517–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korbonski, Andrzej. 1994. From Annus Mirabilis to Annus Horribilis? Poland 1989–1993. 219–33 in Joan Serafin (ed.), East-Central Europe in the 1990s. Boulder, CO: Westview
Krawchenko, Bohdan. 1993. Ukraine: The Politics of Independence. 75–98 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Król, Marcin. 1999. Democracy in Poland. 67–77 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Kuzio, Taras, and Andrew Wilson. 1994. Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence. London: Macmillan
Lang, David. 1962. A Modern History of Georgia. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
Lang, David. 1970. Armenia: Cradle of Civilisation. London: Allen and Unwin
Lei, Guang. 1996. Elusive Democracy: Conceptual Change and the Chinese Democracy Movement, 1978–9 to 1989. Modern China, 22 (4): 417–47Google Scholar
Lewis, Paul G. 1995. Poland's New Parties in the Post-Communist Political System. 29–47 in Gordon Wightman (ed.), Party Formation in East-Central Europe: Post-Communist Politics in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Lijphart, Arend. 1984. Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Linz, Juan J., and Alfred E. Stepan. 1996. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1959. Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy. American Political Science Review, 53 (1): 69–105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Stein Rokkan. 1967. Cleavage Structures, Party Systems and Voter Alignments: An Introduction. 1–64 in Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan (eds.), Party Systems and Voter Alignments. New York: Free Press
Lydall, Harold. 1986. Yugoslav Socialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Macintyre, Alasdair. 1973. Is a Science of Comparative Politics Possible? 171–88 in A. Ryan (ed.), The Philosophy of Social Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Mandelbaum, Michael (ed.). 1996. Post-Communism: Four Perspectives. New York: Council on Foreign Relations
Markus, Ustina. 1995a. Heading off an Energy Disaster. Transition, 1 (5): 10–13Google Scholar
Markus, Ustina. 1995b. Still Coming to Terms with Independence. Transition, 1 (2): 47–52
Marples, David. 1993. Belarus: The Illusion of Stability. Post-Soviet Affairs, 9 (3): 253–77Google Scholar
Marples, David. 1999. Belarus: A Denationalized Nation. Amsterdam: Horwood
Marsh, Christopher. 2000. Social Capital and Democracy in Russia. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 33 (2): 183–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mihajlovic, Srecko, et al. 1991. Od izbornih rituala do slobodnih izbora [From election rituals to free elections]. Belgrade: Univerzitet u Beogradu IDN
Miháliková, Silvia. 1996. The Painful Birth of Slovak Democratic Political Culture. Slovak Sociological Review, 1: 51–68Google Scholar
Mihalisko, Kathleen J. 1997. Belarus: Retreat to Authoritarianism. 223–81 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Mihut, Liliana. 1994. The Emergence of Political Pluralism in Romania. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 27 (4): 411–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miklos, Ivan, 1998. Privatization. 117–26 in Martin Bútora and Thomas W. Skladony (eds.), Slovakia 1996–1997: A Global Report on the State of Society. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs
Miller, Arthur H., Erb, Gwyn, Reisinger, William M., and Hesli, Vicki L.. 2000. Emerging Party Systems in Post-Soviet Societies: Fact or Fiction?Journal of Politics, 62 (2): 455–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Nicholas J. 1997. A Failed Transition: The Case of Serbia. 146–88 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997a
Miller, William, Stephen White, and Paul Heywood. 1998. Values and Political Change in Postcommunist Europe. New York: St. Martin's Press
Mitev, Petar-Emil. 1997. Party Manifestos for the Bulgarian 1994 Elections. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 13 (1): 64–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Barrington. 1967. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Harmondsworth: Penguin
Mueller, John. 1996. Democracy, Capitalism, and the End of Transition. 102–67 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Munck, Geraldo L., and Leff, Carol Skalnik. 1997. Modes of Transition and Democratization: South America and Eastern Europe in Comparative Perspective. Comparative Politics, 29: 343–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murrell, Peter. 1993. What Is Shock Therapy? What Did It Do in Poland and Russia?Post-Soviet Affairs, 9 (2): 111–40Google Scholar
Musil, Jiří (ed.). 1995. The End of Czechoslovakia. Budapest: Central European University Press
Nagy-Talavera, Nicolas. 1967. The Green Shirts and Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Romania. Berkeley: University of California Press
Nathan, Andrew. 1985. Chinese Democracy. New York: Knopf
Nathan, Andrew, and Shi, Tianjian. 1993. Cultural Requisites for Democracy in China: Findings from a Survey. Daedalus, 122: 95–123Google Scholar
Nelson, Lynn, and Amonashvili, Paata. 1992. Voting and Political Attitudes in Soviet Georgia. Soviet Studies, 44 (4): 687–97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nodia, Ghia. 1995. Georgia's Identity Crisis. Journal of Democracy, 6 (1): 104–16CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo. 1994. Delegative Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 5 (1): 55–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo, and Philippe Schmitter. 1986. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Offe, Claus. 1991. Capitalism by Democratic Design: Democratic Theory Facing the Triple Transition in East Central Europe. Social Research, 58: 865–92Google Scholar
Oi, Jean. 1992. Fiscal Reform and the Economic Foundations of Local State Corporatism in China. World Politics, 45 (1): 99–126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
OSCE. 1997. Human Rights and Democratization in Slovakia. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, September
Ost, David. 1993. The Politics of Interest in Post-Communist Eastern Europe. Theory and Society, 22: 453–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1970. Participation and Democratic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Peng, Yali. 1996. The Politics of Tobacco: Relations between Farmers and Local Governments in China's Southwest. China Journal, 36: 67-82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, Yali. 1998. Democracy and Chinese Political Discourses. Modern China, 24: 408–44CrossRef
Pesic, Vesna. 1996. The War for Nation States. 3–59 in Popov, 1996
Pickel, Andreas. 1993. Authoritarianism or Democracy? Marketization as a Political Problem. Policy Sciences, 26: 139–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickvance, Chris. 1999. Democratisation and the Decline of Social Movements: The Effects of Regime Change on Collective Action in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe and Latin America. Sociology, 33 (2): 353–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pippidi, Alina Mungiu. 1999. Romania: From Procedural Democracy to European Integration. 135–49 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Plasser, Fritz, Peter A. Ulram, and Harald Waldrauch. 1998. Democratic Consolidation in East-Central Europe. Houndmills: Macmillan
Plichtová, Jana, and Erös, Ferenc. 1997. Meaning of Some Political and Economic Terms in Relation to Experience of Two Slovak and Hungarian Generations. Sociológica, 29: 723–37Google Scholar
Popov, Nebojsa (ed.). 1996. Srpska strana rata. [The Serbian side of the war]. Belgrade: Republika
Powell, G. Bingham. 1982. Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Powers, Denise. 1998. Authenticating Democratic Transitions: Bringing the Demos (back) in. Unpublished typescript, University of Iowa
Prizel, Ilya. 1997. Ukraine between Proto-Democracy and “Soft” Authoritarianism. 330–69 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Prybyla, Jan S. 1989. Why China's Economic Reforms Fail. Asian Survey, 29: 1017–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Przeworski, Adam. 1991. Democracy and the Market: Political and Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam, Michael E. Alvarez, Jose Antonio Cheibub, and Fernando Limongi. 2000. Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam, and Limongi, Fernando. 1997. Modernization: Theories and Facts. World Politics, 49 (2): 155–83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Pye, Lucian. 1966. Aspects of Political Development. Boston, MA: Little Brown
Pye, Lucian. 1985. Asian Power and Politics: The Cultural Dimensions of Authority. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Rady, Martyn. 1992. Romania in Turmoil. London: Tauris
Ramet, Sabrina. 1997. Democratization in Slovenia: The Second Stage. 189–225 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997c
Ratesh, Nestor. 1991. Romania: The Entangled Revolution. New York: Praeger
Remington, Thomas F. 1997. Democratization and the New Political Order in Russia. 69–129 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Remington, Thomas F. 2000. Putin's Third Way: Russia and the “Strong State” Ideal. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2), online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/feature/strongstate.html
Renmin ribao [People's Daily], September 7, 1994
Renmin ribao, haiwai ban [People's Daily, overseas edition], October 5, 1995
Rose, Richard. 2000a. How Floating Parties Frustrate Democratic Accountability: A Supply-Side View of Russia's Elections. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2), online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/feature/supplyside.htmlGoogle Scholar
Rose, Richard. 2000b. Uses of Social Capital in Russia: Modern, Pre-Modern, and Anti-Modern. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (1): 33–57
Rose, Richard, and William Mishler. 1993. Reacting to Regime Change in Eastern Europe. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde Studies in Public Policy, No. 210
Rose, Richard, William Mishler, and Christian Haerpfer. 1998. Democracy and Its Alternatives: Understanding Post-Communist Societies. Cambridge: Polity
Rostow, Walter. 1971. Politics and the Stages of Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyn Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens. 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Rupnik, Jacques. 1981. The Restoration of the Party-State in Czechoslovakia since 1968. 105–24 in Leslie Holmes (ed.), The Withering Away of the State: Party and State under Communism. London: Sage
Rusinow, Dennison. 1977. The Yugoslav Experiment 1948–1974. London: Hurst
Rutland, Peter. 1994. Democracy and Nationalism in Armenia. Europe–Asia Studies, 46 (5): 839–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabbat-Swidlicka, Anna. 1993. The Polish Elections: The Church, the Right and the Left. RFE/RL Research Report, 2 (40): 24–30Google Scholar
Sakwa, Richard. 1999. Postcommunism. Buckingham: Open University Press
Sakwa, Richard, and Webber, Mark. 1999. The Commonwealth of Independent States, 1991–1998: Stagnation and Survival. Europe–Asia Studies, 51 (3): 379–415CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandel, Michael J. 1996. Democracy's Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Sartori, Giovanni. 1976. Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Sartori, Giovanni. 1991. Rethinking Democracy: Bad Polity and Bad Politics. International Social Science Journal, 129: 437–50
Schedler, A. 1998. What Is Democratic Consolidation?Journal of Democracy, 9: 91–107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitter, Philippe, and Karl, Terry Lynn. 1994. The Conceptual Travels of Transitologists and Consolidologists: How Far to the East Should They Attempt to Go?Slavic Review, 53 (1): 173–85CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, Eberhard. 1997. Begriffe und theoretische Konzepte zur politischen Transformation. 17–25 in Höhmann, 1997
Schöpflin, George. 1993. Politics in Eastern Europe. Oxford: Blackwell
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1942. Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper
Schwartz, Karl-Peter. 1993. Tschechen und Slowaken: Der lange Weg zur friedlichen Trennung. Vienna: Europaverlag
Seidel, Gill. 1985. Political Discourse Analysis. 43–60 in Teun A. van Dijk (ed.), Handbook of Discourse Analysis, vol. Ⅳ. London: Academic
Seleny, Anna. 1999. Old Political Rationalities and New Democracies: Compromise and Confrontation in Hungary and Poland. World Politics, 51 (4): 484–519CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sher, G. 1977. Praxis. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
Shevtsova, Lilia, and Bruckner, Scott. 1997. Where Is Russia Headed? Toward Stability or Crisis?Journal of Democracy, 8 (1): 12–26Google Scholar
Shue, Vivienne. 1992. China: Transition Postponed?Problems of Communism, 41: 157–65Google Scholar
Shulhyn, A. 1963. The Period of the Central Rada (Council). 725–46 in Volodymyr Kubijovič (ed.), Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia, vol. Ⅰ. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Šimečka, Martin. 1997. Slovakia's Lonely Independence. Transitions, 4 (3): 14–21Google Scholar
Šimečka, Martin, and Stefan Hríb. 1999. Slovensko nie je dierou na mape Európy [Slovakia is not a hole on the map of Europe; an interview with Madeleine Albright]. Domino Fórum, January 20–27, 1999
Skilling, H. Gordon. 1976. Czechoslovakia's Interrupted Revolution. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Skilling, H. Gordon. 1981. Charter 77 and Human Rights in Czechoslovakia. London: George Allen and Unwin
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Sowards, Steven. 1996. Lecture 12: Bosnia-Hercegovina and the Failure of Reform in Austria-Hungary. On-line at http://www.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lect12htm
Stepan, Alfred, and Skach, Cindy. 1993. Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: Parliamentarism vs. Presidentialism. World Politics, 46 (1): 1–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephenson, William. 1953. The Study of Behavior: Q Technique and Its Methodology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Stokes, Gail. 1989. The Social Origins of East European Politics. 210–51 in Chirot, 1989b
Stone, Daniel Z. 1990. Democratic Thought in Eighteenth-Century Poland. 55–72 in M. B. Biskupski and James S. Pula (eds.), Polish Democratic Thought from the Renaissance to the Great Emigration. New York: Columbia University Press
Subtelny, Orest. 1998. Ukraine: A History. 2nd edn. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Sunstein, Cass R. 1988. Beyond the Republican Revival. Yale Law Journal, 97 (8): 1539–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suny, Ronald. 1989. The Making of the Georgian Nation. London: Tauris
Suny, Ronald. 1993. Looking toward Ararat: Armenia in Modern History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
Suny, Ronald. 2000. Review of Joseph R. Masih and Robert O. Krikorian, Armenia: At the Crossroads. Europe–Asia Studies, 52: 726–7
Suster, Zeljan E. 1998. Development of Political Democracy and Political Party Pluralism in Serbia 1903–1914. East European Quarterly, 31 (4): 435–48Google Scholar
Szomolányi, Sona. 1997. Slovakia: Problems of Democratic Consolidation and the Struggle for the Rules of the Game. Bratislava: Slovak Political Science Association and Friedrich Ebert Foundation
Tétrault, Mary Ann, and Robin L. Teske. 1997. The Struggle to Democratize the Slovak Republic. Current History, March: 135–9
Tigrid, Pavel. 1975. The Prague Coup of 1948: The Elegant Takeover. 399–432 in Thomas Hammond (ed.), The Anatomy of Communist Takeovers. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Tilly, Charles. 1993. European Revolutions, 1492–1992. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Timmermann, Heinz, and Alexander Ott. 1997. Restauration und Reaktion in Belarus. 94–105 in Höhmann, 1997
Tismaneanu, Vladimir. 1998. Fantasies of Salvation: Democracy, Nationalism, and Myth in Post-Communist Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Tismaneanu, Vladimir. 1999. Understanding National Stalinism: Reflections on Ceauşescu's Socialism. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (2): 155–73CrossRef
Todorova, Maria. 1997. Imagining the Balkans. New York: Oxford University Press
Tolz, Vera. 1998. Forging the Nation: National Identity and Nation Building in Post-Communist Russia. Europe–Asia Studies, 50 (6): 993–1022CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tolz, Vera, and Busygina, Irina. 1997. Regional Governors and the Kremlin: The Ongoing Battle for Power. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30 (4): 401–26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tompson, W. 2000. Putin's Power Plays. World Today, 56 (7): 14–16Google Scholar
Toulmin, Stephen. 1958. The Uses of Argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Unger, Roberto M., and Cui, Zhiyuan. 1994. China in the Russian Mirror. New Left Review, 208: 78–87Google Scholar
Urban, Michael, with Vyacheslav Igrunov and Sergei Mitrokhin. 1997. The Rebirth of Politics in Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Urban, Michael, and Jan Zaprudnik. 1993. Belarus: A Long Road to Nationhood. 99–120 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Utechin, Sergei. 1964. Russian Political Thought: A Concise History. New York: Praeger
Vachudová, Milada, and Snyder, Tim. 1997. Are Transitions Transitory? Two Types of Political Change in Eastern Europe since 1989. East European Politics and Societies, 11: 1–35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. 1991. National Ideology under Socialism: Identity and Cultural Politics in Ceauşescu's Romania. Berkeley: University of California Press
Verheijen, Tony. 1995. Constitutional Pillars for New Democracies: The Cases of Bulgaria and Romania. Leiden: DSWO Press
Walicki, Andrzej. 1989. The Enlightenment and the Birth of Modern Nationhood: Polish Political Thought from Noble Republicanism to Tadeusz Kościuszko. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1974. The Modern World System. New York: Academic Press
Wheaton, Bernard, and Zdeněk Kavan. 1992. The Velvet Revolution. Boulder, CO: Westview
White, Gordon. 1994. Democratization and Economic Reform in China. Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 31: 73–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, Stephen, Judy Batt, and Paul Lewis (eds.). 1993. Developments in East European Politics. London: Macmillan
White, Stephen, Alex Pravda, and Zvi Gitelman (eds.). 1994. Developments in Russian and Post-Soviet Politics. London: Macmillan
Wightman, Gordon. 1993. The Czech and Slovak Republics. 51–65 in White, Batt and Lewis, 1993
Wilson, Andrew. 1997. Ukraine: Two Presidents and Their Powers. 67–105 in Ray Taras (ed.), Postcommunist Presidents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Wilson, Andrew, and Bilous, Artur. 1993. Political Parties in Ukraine. Europe–Asia Studies, 45 (4): 693–703CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wise, Charles R., and Brown, Trevor L.. 1999. The Separation of Powers in Ukraine. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (1): 23–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolchik, Sharon. 1992. Czechoslovakia. 119–63 in Held, 1992
Wolchik, Sharon. 1995. The Politics of Transition and the Break-Up of Czechoslovakia. 225–44 in Musil, 1995
Wolinetz, Steven B. (ed.). 1998. Party Systems. Aldershot: Ashgate
Yenal, Oktay. 1990. Chinese Reforms, Inflation and the Allocation of Investment in a Socialist Economy. World Development, 18: 707–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Žák, Václav. 1995. The Velvet Divorce: Institutional Foundations. 245–68 in Musil, 1995
Zakaria, Fareed. 1997. The Rise of Illiberal Democracy. Foreign Affairs, 76 (6): 22–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaprudnik, Jan. 1993. Belarus: At a Crossroads in History. Boulder, CO: Westview
Zhang, Mingshu. 1994. Zhongguo “zhengzhi ren” (The Chinese “political man”). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe
Zhu, , Jianhua, , Zhao, Xinshu, and Li, Hairong. 1990. Public Political Consciousness in China: An Empirical Profile. Asian Survey, 30: 992–1006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ágh, Attila. 1993. The “Comparative Revolution” and the Transition in Central and Southern Europe. Journal of Theoretical Politics, 5 (2): 231–52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ágh, Attila 1999. Processes of Democratization in the East Central European and Balkan States: Sovereignty-Related Conflicts in the Context of Europeanization. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (3): 263–79CrossRef
Alker, Hayward R. Jr., and David Sylvan. 1986. Political Discourse Analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC
Anonymous. 1999. Constitution Watch: Belarus. East European Constitutional Review Online, 8 (4) online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol8num4/constitutionwatch/belarus.html
Anonymous. 2000. Constitution Watch: Moldova. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2) online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/constitutionwatch/moldova.html
Arato, Andrew. 1993. Interpreting 1989. Social Research, 60: 609–46Google Scholar
Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Ascherson, Neal. 1982. The Polish August: The Self-Limiting Revolution. New York: Viking
Auer, Stefan. 2000. Nationalism in Central Europe: A Chance or a Threat for the Emerging Liberal Democratic Order?East European Politics and Societies, 14 (2): 213–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avineri, Shlomo. 1997. State Weakness as an Obstacle to Democratization. East European Constitutional Review, 6 (1): 94–9Google Scholar
Bankowicz, Marek. 1994a. Bulgaria: The Continuing Revolution. 219–37 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Bankowicz, Marek. 1994b. Czechoslovakia: From Masaryk to Havel. 142–68 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London: Sage
Beck, Ulrich, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash. 1994. Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Cambridge: Polity
Bell, John D. 1991. Modernization through Secularization in Bulgaria. 15–32 in Gerasimos Augustinos (ed.), Diverse Paths to Modernity in Southeastern Europe. New York: Greenwood
Bell-Fialkoff, Andrew. 1993. A Brief History of Ethnic Cleansing. Foreign Affairs, 72 (3): 110–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berglund, Sten, and Jan Åke Dellenbrant (eds.). 1994. The New Democracies in Eastern Europe: Party Systems and Political Cleavages, 2nd edn. Aldershot: Edward Elgar
Berglund, Sten, Tomas Hellén, and Frank Aarebrot (eds.). 1998. The Handbook of Political Change in Eastern Europe. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Bernhard, Michael. 1996. Civil Society after the First Transition: Dilemmas of Post-Communist Democratization in Poland and beyond. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 29 (3): 309–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertsch, Gary. 1973. The Revival of Nationalisms. Problems of Communism, 22 (6): 1–15Google Scholar
Bielasiak, Jack. 1997. Substance and Process in the Development of Party Systems in East Central Europe. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30 (1): 23–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binder, Leonard, et al. 1971. Crises and Sequences in Political Development. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Birch, Sarah, and Wilson, Andrew. 1999. The Ukrainian Parliamentary Elections of 1998. Electoral Studies, 18 (2): 276–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Block, Fred. 1977. The Ruling Class Does Not Rule: Notes on the Marxist Theory of the State. Socialist Revolution, 7: 6–28Google Scholar
Bollen, Kenneth. 1980. Issues in the Comparative Measurement of Political Democracy. American Sociological Review, 45 (3): 370–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1990. In Other Words. Cambridge: Polity
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1993. The Field of Cultural Production. New York: Columbia University Press
Bowles, Paul, and Dong, Xiao-yuan. 1994. Current Success and Future Challenge in China's Economic Reforms. New Left Review, 208: 49-76Google Scholar
Bremmer, Ian, and Ray Taras (eds.). 1993. Nations and Politics in the Soviet Successor States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Bremmer, Ian, and Ray Taras (eds.). 1997. New States, New Politics: Building the Post-Soviet Nations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
, Breslauer, , George, Brada, Josef, Gaddy, Clifford, Ericson, Richard, Saivetz, Carol, and Winston, Victor. 2000. Russia at the End of Yel'tsin's Presidency. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (1): 1–32Google Scholar
Brown, Archie. 1999. Russia and Democratization. Problems of Post-Communism, 46 (5): 3–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Archie 2000. Transnational Influences in the Transition from Communism. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (2): 177–200
Brown, James F. 1994. Hopes and Shadows: Eastern Europe After Communism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
Brown, Steven R. 1980. Political Subjectivity: Applications of Q Methodology in Political Science. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Brown, Steven R. 1986. Q Technique and Method: Principles and Procedures. 57–76 in William D. Berry and Michael S. Lewis-Beck (eds.), New Tools for Social Scientists. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
Brubaker, Rogers. 1996. Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Brucan, Silviu. 1992. Democracy at Odds with the Market in Post-Communist Societies. 19–25 in Michael Keren and Gur Ofer (eds.), Trials of Transition: Economic Reform in the Former Soviet Bloc. Boulder, CO: Westview
Bryant, Christopher, and Edmund Mokrzycki. 1994. Introduction: Theorizing the Changes in East-Central Europe. 1–13 in Christopher Bryant and Edmund Mokrzycki (eds.), The New Great Transformation? Change and Continuity in East-Central Europe. London: Routledge
Brzezinski, Zbigniew. 1993. The Great Transformation. National Interest, 33: 3–13Google Scholar
Bunce, Valerie. 1995a. Paper Curtains and Paper Tigers. Slavic Review, 54 (4): 979–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunce, Valerie 1995b. Should Transitologists be Grounded?Slavic Review, 54 (1): 111–27CrossRef
Bunce, Valerie 1999a. The Political Economy of Postsocialism. Slavic Review, 58 (4): 756–93CrossRef
Bunce, Valerie 1999b. Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destruction of Socialism and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Bútora, Martin. 1999. The Present State of Democracy in Slovakia. 93–104 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Campbell, Adrian. 1996. Local Government and the Centre in Romania and Moldova. 73–112 in Gibson and Hanson, 1996
Canovan, Margaret E. 1987. Republicanism. 433–6 in David Miller (ed.), The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Carassava, Anthee. 2000. A Greek Tragedy. Time Europe. April 10
Carpenter, Michael. 1997. Slovakia and the Triumph of Nationalistic Populism. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30: 205–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CCTV (China Central TV). 1988. He shang [River elegy]. June
Chirot, Daniel (ed.). 1989a. Causes and Consequences of Backwardness. 1–14 in Chirot 1989b
Chirot, Daniel 1989b. The Origins of Backwardness in Eastern Europe: Economics and Politics from the Middle Ages until the Early Twentieth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press
Cohen, Lenard. 1995. Broken Bonds. Boulder, CO: Westview
Commisso, Ellen. 1997. Is the Glass Half Full or Half Empty? Reflections on Five Years of Competitive Politics in Eastern Europe. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30: 1–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crampton, Richard. 1997. A Concise History of Bulgaria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Crowther, William. 1997a. Moldova: Caught between Nation and Empire. 316–49 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Crowther, William. 1997b. The Politics of Democratization in Postcommunist Moldova. 282–329 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Cumings, Bruce. 1999. Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American–East Asian Relations at the End of the Century. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997a. The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997b. Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dawisha, Karen, and Bruce Parrott (eds.). 1997c. Politics, Power, and the Struggle for Democracy in South-East Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
de Winter, Lieven, and Huri Türsan (eds.). 1998. Regionalist Parties in Western Europe. London: Routledge
Dellenbrant, Jan Åke. 1994. Romania: The Slow Revolution. 203–18 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Di Palma, Giuseppe. 1990. To Craft Democracies. Berkeley: University of California Press
Di Palma, Giuseppe. 1993. Why Democracy Can Work in Eastern Europe. 257–67 in Larry Diamond and Marc Plattner (eds.), The Global Resurgence of Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Dimitrijevic, Vojin. 1994. The 1974 Constitution as a Factor in the Collapse of Yugoslavia or as a Sign of Decaying Totalitarianism. Working Paper, RSC No. 94/9. Florence: European University Institute
Dimitrijevic, Vojin. 1996. Sukobi oko ustava iz 1974 [Conflicts over the 1974 Constitution]. 447–71 in Popov, 1996
Dimitrov, Georgi, Petya Kabakchieva, and Zheko Kiossev. 1996. Russia and Bulgaria: Farewell Democracy. Sofia: LIK Publishing House
Dinkic, Mladjen. 1995. Ekonomija destrukcije: velika pljacka naroda [The economy of destruction: great robbery of the nation]. Belgrade: Vin
Dittmer, Lowell. 1987. Public and Private Interests and the Participatory Ethic in China. 18–27 in Victor C. Falkenheim (ed.), Citizens and Groups in Contemporary China. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan
Djordjevich, Dusan. 1999. Report on South-Eastern Europe: Concepts, Histories, Boundaries. Report on a conference held at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London, June 19. Online at http://www.ssees.ac.uk/concrept.htm
Dryzek, John S. 1994. Australian Discourses of Democracy. Australian Journal of Political Science, 29: 221–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dryzek, John S. 1996a. Democracy in Capitalist Times: Ideals, Limits and Struggles. New York: Oxford University Press
Dryzek, John S. 1996b. Political Inclusion and the Dynamics of Democratization. American Political Science Review, 90 (3): 475–87CrossRef
Dryzek, John S., and Berejikian, Jeffrey. 1993. Reconstructive Democratic Theory. American Political Science Review, 87 (1): 48–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dryzek, John S., and Holmes, Leslie. 2000. The Real World of Civic Republicanism: Making Democracy Work in Poland and the Czech Republic. Europe–Asia Studies, 52 (6): 1043–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudwick, Nora. 1997. Armenia: Paradise Lost? 471–504 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Dunlop, John. 1993. Russia: Confronting a Loss of Empire. 43–72 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Elster, Jon, Claus Offe, and Ulrich Preuss (with others). 1998. Institutional Design in Post-Communist Societies: Rebuilding the Ship at Sea. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Encarnación, Omar. 2000. Beyond Transition: The Politics of Democratic Consolidation. Comparative Politics, 32 (4): 479–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
European Commission. 1997. Agenda 2000: Commission Opinion on Slovakia's Application for Membership of the European Union. Brussels: European Union
Evans, Geoffrey, and Stephen Whitefield. 1996. Cleavage Formation in Transitional Societies: Russia, Ukraine and Estonia. Unpublished paper presented at the 1996 Annual Conference of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco
Fischer-Galati, Stephen. 1991. Twentieth-Century Romania. New York: Columbia University Press
Fish, M. Steven. 1998. Democratization's Requisites: The Postcommunist Experience. Post-Soviet Affairs, 14 (3): 212–47Google Scholar
Fish, M. Steven. 1999. Postcommunist Subversion: Social Science and Democratization in East Europe and Eurasia. Slavic Review, 58 (4): 794–823CrossRef
Fitzmaurice, John. 1998. Politics and Government in the Visegrad Countries. London: Macmillan
Flers, René. 1984. Socialism in One Family. Survey, 28 (4): 165–75Google Scholar
Frentzel-Zagorska, Janina. 1989. Semi-Free Elections in Poland. Unpublished paper presented at the Australasian Political Studies Association Annual Conference, Sydney
Fukuyama, Francis. 1989. The End of History? National Interest, Summer: 3–18
Fukuyama, Francis. 1992. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: Free Press
Gallagher, Tom. 1995a. Democratization in the Balkans: Challenges and Prospects. Democratization, 2 (3): 337–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallagher, Tom. 1995b. Romania after Ceauşescu: The Politics of Intolerance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Ganev, Venelin I. 1997. Bulgaria's Symphony of Hope. Journal of Democracy, 8 (4): 125–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnett, , Sherman, , and Lebenson, Rachel. 1998. Ukraine Joins the Fray: Will Peace Come to Trans-Dniestria?Problems of Post-Communism, 45 (6): 22–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasiorowski, Mark J. 2000. Democracy and Macroeconomic Performance in Underdeveloped Countries. Comparative Political Studies, 33 (3): 319–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gati, Charles. 1990. East-Central Europe: The Morning After. Foreign Affairs, 69 (5): 129–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gati, Charles. 1996. If Not Democracy, What? Leaders, Laggards and Losers in the Post-Communist World. 168–98 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Gibson, John, and Philip Hanson (eds.). 1996. Transformation from Below: Local Power and the Political Economy of Post-Communist Transition. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Gilberg, Trond. 1990. Nationalism and Communism in Romania: The Rise and Fall of Ceauşescu's Personal Dictatorship. Boulder, CO: Westview
Gitelman, Zvi. 1994. Nationality and Ethnicity in Russia and the Post-Soviet Republics. 237–65 in White, Pravda, and Gitelman, 1994
Glenny, Misha. 1993. The Fall of Yugoslavia. London: Penguin
Green, A. T., and , C. Skalnik Leff. 1997. The Quality of Democracy: Mass–Elite Linkages in the Czech Republic. Democratization, 4: 63-87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grzybowski, Marian. 1994. Poland: Towards Overdeveloped Pluralism. 36–73 in Berglund and Dellenbrant, 1994
Habermas, Jürgen. 1979. Communication and the Evolution of Society. Boston: Beacon Press
Hadzhiiski, Ivan. 1997. Optimistichna teoria za nashya narod. Sofia: Otechestvo
Halbach, Uwe. 1997. Präkare Transformation: Reform und Stabilitätswahrung in Kaukasien und Zentralasien. 105–15 in Höhmann, 1997
Havel, Václav, et al. 1985. The Power of the Powerless: Citizens against the State. Armonk, NY: Sharpe
Held, Joseph (ed.). 1992. Columbia History of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. New York: Columbia University Press
Hellén, Tomas, Berglund, Sten, and Aarebrot, Frank. 1998. From Transition to Consolidation. 365–77 in Berglund, Hellén, and Aarebrot, 1998
Hill, Ronald J. 1994. Parties and the Party System. 88–108 in White, Pravda, and Gitelman, 1994
Hindess, Barry. 2000. Representation Ingrafted upon Democracy. Democratization, 7 (2): 1–18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Höhmann, Hans-Hermann (chief ed.). 1997. Der Osten Europas im Prozeß der Differenzierung: Fortschritte und Miß erfolge der Transformation. Munich: Carl Hanser Verlag
Holmes, Leslie. 1993. The End of Communist Power: Anti-Corruption Campaigns and Legitimation Crisis. New York: Oxford University Press
Holmes, Leslie. 1996. Poland and Hungary: Two Approaches to Post-Communist Transition?Russia and Euro-Asia Bulletin, 5 (12): 1–8
Holmes, Leslie. 1998. The Democratic State or State Democracy? Problems of Post-Communist Transition. Jean Monnet Chair Papers, no. 48. Florence: European University Institute
Holmes, Stephen. 1995. Conceptions of Democracy in the Draft Constitutions of Post-Communist Countries. 71–81 in Beverly Crawford (ed.), Markets, States and Democracy. Boulder, CO: Westview
Holmes, Stephen. 1996. Cultural Legacies or State Collapse? 22–76 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Holmes, Stephen. 1997. What Russia Teaches Us Now: How Weak States Threaten Freedom. American Prospect, 33: 30–9
Holtbrügge, Dirk. 1996. Weißrußland. Munich: Beck
Hua, Shiping. 1992. All Roads Lead to Democracy: A Critical Analysis of the Writings of Three Chinese Reformist Intellectuals. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, 24: 43–58Google Scholar
Hughes, J. 2000. Transition Models and Democratisation in Russia. 21–49 in M. Bowker and C. Ross (eds.), Russia after the Cold War. London: Longman
Hunter, Shireen. 1993. Azerbaijan: Search for Identity and New Partners. 225–60 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Huntington, Samuel. 1991. The Third Wave. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press
Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon and Schuster
Huskey, Eugene. 1999. Presidential Power in Russia. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe
Ionescu, Ghita. 1964. Communism in Romania: 1944–1962. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Isaac, Jeffrey. 1994. Oases in the Desert: Hannah Arendt on Democratic Politics. American Political Science Review, 88 (1): 156–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isiyama, John T., and Velten, Matthew. 1998. Presidential Power and Democratic Development in Post-Communist Politics. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 31: 217–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janos, Andrew C. 1995. Europe, East Central. 442–51 in Seymour Martin Lipset (ed.), Encyclopedia of Democracy, vol. Ⅱ. London: Routledge
Jenner, William J. F. 1992. The Tyranny of History: The Roots of China's Crisis. Harmondsworth: Penguin
Johnson, James. 1991. Rational Choice as a Reconstructive Theory. 113–42 in Kristin Monroe (ed.), The Economic Approach to Politics. New York: HarperCollins
Jones, Stephen F. 1993. Georgia: A Failed Democratic Transition. 288–310 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Jones, Stephen F. 1997. Georgia: The Trauma of Statehood. 505–43 in Bremmer and Taras, 1997
Jones, Stephen F. 2000. Democracy from below: Interest Groups in Georgian Society. Slavic Review, 59 (1): 42–73CrossRef
Jowitt, Ken. 1992. New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction. Berkeley: University of California Press
Kaldor, Mary, and Vejvoda, Ivan. 1997. Democratization in Central and East European Countries. International Affairs, 73: 59–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaldor, Mary, and Ivan Vejvoda. (eds.). 1999. Democratization in Central and Eastern Europe. London: Frances Pinter
Karasimeonov, Georgi. 1998. Bulgaria. 335–64 in Berglund, Hellén, and Aarebrot, 1998
Karatnycky, Adrian. 1995. Ukraine at the Crossroads. Journal of Democracy, 6 (1): 117–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karl, Terry Lynn, and Schmitter, Philippe. 1995. From an Iron Curtain to a Paper Curtain: Grounding Transitologists or Students of Postcommunism?Slavic Review, 54 (4): 965–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kavan, Zdeněk and Martin Palouš. 1999. Democracy in the Czech Republic. 78–92 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Kettle, Steve. 1995. Of Money and Morality. Transition, 1 (3): 36–9Google Scholar
King, Charles. 2000. The Moldovans: Romania, Russia and the Politics of Culture. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press
Kirschbaum, Stanislav. 1995. A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival. London: Macmillan
Kitschelt, Herbert, Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radslaw Markowski, and Gábor Tóka. 1999. Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation and Inter-Party Cooperation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Kitzinger, Celia. 1986. Introducing and Developing Q as a Feminist Methodology. 151–72 in Sue Wilkinson (ed.), Feminist Social Psychology. Milton Keynes: Open University Press
Kolarova, Rumyana. 1999. Democratization in Bulgaria: Recent Trends. 150–61 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Konrád, George [György]. 1984. Antipolitics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Kopecky, Petr, and Mudde, Cas. 2000. What Has Eastern Europe Taught Us about the Democratisation Literature (and Vice Versa)?European Journal of Political Research, 37: 517–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korbonski, Andrzej. 1994. From Annus Mirabilis to Annus Horribilis? Poland 1989–1993. 219–33 in Joan Serafin (ed.), East-Central Europe in the 1990s. Boulder, CO: Westview
Krawchenko, Bohdan. 1993. Ukraine: The Politics of Independence. 75–98 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Król, Marcin. 1999. Democracy in Poland. 67–77 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Kuzio, Taras, and Andrew Wilson. 1994. Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence. London: Macmillan
Lang, David. 1962. A Modern History of Georgia. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
Lang, David. 1970. Armenia: Cradle of Civilisation. London: Allen and Unwin
Lei, Guang. 1996. Elusive Democracy: Conceptual Change and the Chinese Democracy Movement, 1978–9 to 1989. Modern China, 22 (4): 417–47Google Scholar
Lewis, Paul G. 1995. Poland's New Parties in the Post-Communist Political System. 29–47 in Gordon Wightman (ed.), Party Formation in East-Central Europe: Post-Communist Politics in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Lijphart, Arend. 1984. Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Linz, Juan J., and Alfred E. Stepan. 1996. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1959. Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy. American Political Science Review, 53 (1): 69–105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Stein Rokkan. 1967. Cleavage Structures, Party Systems and Voter Alignments: An Introduction. 1–64 in Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan (eds.), Party Systems and Voter Alignments. New York: Free Press
Lydall, Harold. 1986. Yugoslav Socialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Macintyre, Alasdair. 1973. Is a Science of Comparative Politics Possible? 171–88 in A. Ryan (ed.), The Philosophy of Social Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Mandelbaum, Michael (ed.). 1996. Post-Communism: Four Perspectives. New York: Council on Foreign Relations
Markus, Ustina. 1995a. Heading off an Energy Disaster. Transition, 1 (5): 10–13Google Scholar
Markus, Ustina. 1995b. Still Coming to Terms with Independence. Transition, 1 (2): 47–52
Marples, David. 1993. Belarus: The Illusion of Stability. Post-Soviet Affairs, 9 (3): 253–77Google Scholar
Marples, David. 1999. Belarus: A Denationalized Nation. Amsterdam: Horwood
Marsh, Christopher. 2000. Social Capital and Democracy in Russia. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 33 (2): 183–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mihajlovic, Srecko, et al. 1991. Od izbornih rituala do slobodnih izbora [From election rituals to free elections]. Belgrade: Univerzitet u Beogradu IDN
Miháliková, Silvia. 1996. The Painful Birth of Slovak Democratic Political Culture. Slovak Sociological Review, 1: 51–68Google Scholar
Mihalisko, Kathleen J. 1997. Belarus: Retreat to Authoritarianism. 223–81 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Mihut, Liliana. 1994. The Emergence of Political Pluralism in Romania. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 27 (4): 411–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miklos, Ivan, 1998. Privatization. 117–26 in Martin Bútora and Thomas W. Skladony (eds.), Slovakia 1996–1997: A Global Report on the State of Society. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs
Miller, Arthur H., Erb, Gwyn, Reisinger, William M., and Hesli, Vicki L.. 2000. Emerging Party Systems in Post-Soviet Societies: Fact or Fiction?Journal of Politics, 62 (2): 455–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Nicholas J. 1997. A Failed Transition: The Case of Serbia. 146–88 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997a
Miller, William, Stephen White, and Paul Heywood. 1998. Values and Political Change in Postcommunist Europe. New York: St. Martin's Press
Mitev, Petar-Emil. 1997. Party Manifestos for the Bulgarian 1994 Elections. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 13 (1): 64–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Barrington. 1967. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Harmondsworth: Penguin
Mueller, John. 1996. Democracy, Capitalism, and the End of Transition. 102–67 in Mandelbaum, 1996
Munck, Geraldo L., and Leff, Carol Skalnik. 1997. Modes of Transition and Democratization: South America and Eastern Europe in Comparative Perspective. Comparative Politics, 29: 343–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murrell, Peter. 1993. What Is Shock Therapy? What Did It Do in Poland and Russia?Post-Soviet Affairs, 9 (2): 111–40Google Scholar
Musil, Jiří (ed.). 1995. The End of Czechoslovakia. Budapest: Central European University Press
Nagy-Talavera, Nicolas. 1967. The Green Shirts and Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Romania. Berkeley: University of California Press
Nathan, Andrew. 1985. Chinese Democracy. New York: Knopf
Nathan, Andrew, and Shi, Tianjian. 1993. Cultural Requisites for Democracy in China: Findings from a Survey. Daedalus, 122: 95–123Google Scholar
Nelson, Lynn, and Amonashvili, Paata. 1992. Voting and Political Attitudes in Soviet Georgia. Soviet Studies, 44 (4): 687–97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nodia, Ghia. 1995. Georgia's Identity Crisis. Journal of Democracy, 6 (1): 104–16CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo. 1994. Delegative Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 5 (1): 55–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo, and Philippe Schmitter. 1986. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
Offe, Claus. 1991. Capitalism by Democratic Design: Democratic Theory Facing the Triple Transition in East Central Europe. Social Research, 58: 865–92Google Scholar
Oi, Jean. 1992. Fiscal Reform and the Economic Foundations of Local State Corporatism in China. World Politics, 45 (1): 99–126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
OSCE. 1997. Human Rights and Democratization in Slovakia. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, September
Ost, David. 1993. The Politics of Interest in Post-Communist Eastern Europe. Theory and Society, 22: 453–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1970. Participation and Democratic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Peng, Yali. 1996. The Politics of Tobacco: Relations between Farmers and Local Governments in China's Southwest. China Journal, 36: 67-82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, Yali. 1998. Democracy and Chinese Political Discourses. Modern China, 24: 408–44CrossRef
Pesic, Vesna. 1996. The War for Nation States. 3–59 in Popov, 1996
Pickel, Andreas. 1993. Authoritarianism or Democracy? Marketization as a Political Problem. Policy Sciences, 26: 139–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickvance, Chris. 1999. Democratisation and the Decline of Social Movements: The Effects of Regime Change on Collective Action in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe and Latin America. Sociology, 33 (2): 353–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pippidi, Alina Mungiu. 1999. Romania: From Procedural Democracy to European Integration. 135–49 in Kaldor and Vejvoda, 1999
Plasser, Fritz, Peter A. Ulram, and Harald Waldrauch. 1998. Democratic Consolidation in East-Central Europe. Houndmills: Macmillan
Plichtová, Jana, and Erös, Ferenc. 1997. Meaning of Some Political and Economic Terms in Relation to Experience of Two Slovak and Hungarian Generations. Sociológica, 29: 723–37Google Scholar
Popov, Nebojsa (ed.). 1996. Srpska strana rata. [The Serbian side of the war]. Belgrade: Republika
Powell, G. Bingham. 1982. Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Powers, Denise. 1998. Authenticating Democratic Transitions: Bringing the Demos (back) in. Unpublished typescript, University of Iowa
Prizel, Ilya. 1997. Ukraine between Proto-Democracy and “Soft” Authoritarianism. 330–69 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Prybyla, Jan S. 1989. Why China's Economic Reforms Fail. Asian Survey, 29: 1017–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Przeworski, Adam. 1991. Democracy and the Market: Political and Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam, Michael E. Alvarez, Jose Antonio Cheibub, and Fernando Limongi. 2000. Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam, and Limongi, Fernando. 1997. Modernization: Theories and Facts. World Politics, 49 (2): 155–83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Pye, Lucian. 1966. Aspects of Political Development. Boston, MA: Little Brown
Pye, Lucian. 1985. Asian Power and Politics: The Cultural Dimensions of Authority. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Rady, Martyn. 1992. Romania in Turmoil. London: Tauris
Ramet, Sabrina. 1997. Democratization in Slovenia: The Second Stage. 189–225 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997c
Ratesh, Nestor. 1991. Romania: The Entangled Revolution. New York: Praeger
Remington, Thomas F. 1997. Democratization and the New Political Order in Russia. 69–129 in Dawisha and Parrott, 1997b
Remington, Thomas F. 2000. Putin's Third Way: Russia and the “Strong State” Ideal. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2), online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/feature/strongstate.html
Renmin ribao [People's Daily], September 7, 1994
Renmin ribao, haiwai ban [People's Daily, overseas edition], October 5, 1995
Rose, Richard. 2000a. How Floating Parties Frustrate Democratic Accountability: A Supply-Side View of Russia's Elections. East European Constitutional Review, 9 (1–2), online at http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol9num_onehalf/feature/supplyside.htmlGoogle Scholar
Rose, Richard. 2000b. Uses of Social Capital in Russia: Modern, Pre-Modern, and Anti-Modern. Post-Soviet Affairs, 16 (1): 33–57
Rose, Richard, and William Mishler. 1993. Reacting to Regime Change in Eastern Europe. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde Studies in Public Policy, No. 210
Rose, Richard, William Mishler, and Christian Haerpfer. 1998. Democracy and Its Alternatives: Understanding Post-Communist Societies. Cambridge: Polity
Rostow, Walter. 1971. Politics and the Stages of Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyn Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens. 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Rupnik, Jacques. 1981. The Restoration of the Party-State in Czechoslovakia since 1968. 105–24 in Leslie Holmes (ed.), The Withering Away of the State: Party and State under Communism. London: Sage
Rusinow, Dennison. 1977. The Yugoslav Experiment 1948–1974. London: Hurst
Rutland, Peter. 1994. Democracy and Nationalism in Armenia. Europe–Asia Studies, 46 (5): 839–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabbat-Swidlicka, Anna. 1993. The Polish Elections: The Church, the Right and the Left. RFE/RL Research Report, 2 (40): 24–30Google Scholar
Sakwa, Richard. 1999. Postcommunism. Buckingham: Open University Press
Sakwa, Richard, and Webber, Mark. 1999. The Commonwealth of Independent States, 1991–1998: Stagnation and Survival. Europe–Asia Studies, 51 (3): 379–415CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandel, Michael J. 1996. Democracy's Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Sartori, Giovanni. 1976. Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Sartori, Giovanni. 1991. Rethinking Democracy: Bad Polity and Bad Politics. International Social Science Journal, 129: 437–50
Schedler, A. 1998. What Is Democratic Consolidation?Journal of Democracy, 9: 91–107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitter, Philippe, and Karl, Terry Lynn. 1994. The Conceptual Travels of Transitologists and Consolidologists: How Far to the East Should They Attempt to Go?Slavic Review, 53 (1): 173–85CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, Eberhard. 1997. Begriffe und theoretische Konzepte zur politischen Transformation. 17–25 in Höhmann, 1997
Schöpflin, George. 1993. Politics in Eastern Europe. Oxford: Blackwell
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1942. Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper
Schwartz, Karl-Peter. 1993. Tschechen und Slowaken: Der lange Weg zur friedlichen Trennung. Vienna: Europaverlag
Seidel, Gill. 1985. Political Discourse Analysis. 43–60 in Teun A. van Dijk (ed.), Handbook of Discourse Analysis, vol. Ⅳ. London: Academic
Seleny, Anna. 1999. Old Political Rationalities and New Democracies: Compromise and Confrontation in Hungary and Poland. World Politics, 51 (4): 484–519CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sher, G. 1977. Praxis. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
Shevtsova, Lilia, and Bruckner, Scott. 1997. Where Is Russia Headed? Toward Stability or Crisis?Journal of Democracy, 8 (1): 12–26Google Scholar
Shue, Vivienne. 1992. China: Transition Postponed?Problems of Communism, 41: 157–65Google Scholar
Shulhyn, A. 1963. The Period of the Central Rada (Council). 725–46 in Volodymyr Kubijovič (ed.), Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia, vol. Ⅰ. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Šimečka, Martin. 1997. Slovakia's Lonely Independence. Transitions, 4 (3): 14–21Google Scholar
Šimečka, Martin, and Stefan Hríb. 1999. Slovensko nie je dierou na mape Európy [Slovakia is not a hole on the map of Europe; an interview with Madeleine Albright]. Domino Fórum, January 20–27, 1999
Skilling, H. Gordon. 1976. Czechoslovakia's Interrupted Revolution. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Skilling, H. Gordon. 1981. Charter 77 and Human Rights in Czechoslovakia. London: George Allen and Unwin
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Sowards, Steven. 1996. Lecture 12: Bosnia-Hercegovina and the Failure of Reform in Austria-Hungary. On-line at http://www.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lect12htm
Stepan, Alfred, and Skach, Cindy. 1993. Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: Parliamentarism vs. Presidentialism. World Politics, 46 (1): 1–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephenson, William. 1953. The Study of Behavior: Q Technique and Its Methodology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Stokes, Gail. 1989. The Social Origins of East European Politics. 210–51 in Chirot, 1989b
Stone, Daniel Z. 1990. Democratic Thought in Eighteenth-Century Poland. 55–72 in M. B. Biskupski and James S. Pula (eds.), Polish Democratic Thought from the Renaissance to the Great Emigration. New York: Columbia University Press
Subtelny, Orest. 1998. Ukraine: A History. 2nd edn. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Sunstein, Cass R. 1988. Beyond the Republican Revival. Yale Law Journal, 97 (8): 1539–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suny, Ronald. 1989. The Making of the Georgian Nation. London: Tauris
Suny, Ronald. 1993. Looking toward Ararat: Armenia in Modern History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
Suny, Ronald. 2000. Review of Joseph R. Masih and Robert O. Krikorian, Armenia: At the Crossroads. Europe–Asia Studies, 52: 726–7
Suster, Zeljan E. 1998. Development of Political Democracy and Political Party Pluralism in Serbia 1903–1914. East European Quarterly, 31 (4): 435–48Google Scholar
Szomolányi, Sona. 1997. Slovakia: Problems of Democratic Consolidation and the Struggle for the Rules of the Game. Bratislava: Slovak Political Science Association and Friedrich Ebert Foundation
Tétrault, Mary Ann, and Robin L. Teske. 1997. The Struggle to Democratize the Slovak Republic. Current History, March: 135–9
Tigrid, Pavel. 1975. The Prague Coup of 1948: The Elegant Takeover. 399–432 in Thomas Hammond (ed.), The Anatomy of Communist Takeovers. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
Tilly, Charles. 1993. European Revolutions, 1492–1992. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Timmermann, Heinz, and Alexander Ott. 1997. Restauration und Reaktion in Belarus. 94–105 in Höhmann, 1997
Tismaneanu, Vladimir. 1998. Fantasies of Salvation: Democracy, Nationalism, and Myth in Post-Communist Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Tismaneanu, Vladimir. 1999. Understanding National Stalinism: Reflections on Ceauşescu's Socialism. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (2): 155–73CrossRef
Todorova, Maria. 1997. Imagining the Balkans. New York: Oxford University Press
Tolz, Vera. 1998. Forging the Nation: National Identity and Nation Building in Post-Communist Russia. Europe–Asia Studies, 50 (6): 993–1022CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tolz, Vera, and Busygina, Irina. 1997. Regional Governors and the Kremlin: The Ongoing Battle for Power. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30 (4): 401–26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tompson, W. 2000. Putin's Power Plays. World Today, 56 (7): 14–16Google Scholar
Toulmin, Stephen. 1958. The Uses of Argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Unger, Roberto M., and Cui, Zhiyuan. 1994. China in the Russian Mirror. New Left Review, 208: 78–87Google Scholar
Urban, Michael, with Vyacheslav Igrunov and Sergei Mitrokhin. 1997. The Rebirth of Politics in Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Urban, Michael, and Jan Zaprudnik. 1993. Belarus: A Long Road to Nationhood. 99–120 in Bremmer and Taras, 1993
Utechin, Sergei. 1964. Russian Political Thought: A Concise History. New York: Praeger
Vachudová, Milada, and Snyder, Tim. 1997. Are Transitions Transitory? Two Types of Political Change in Eastern Europe since 1989. East European Politics and Societies, 11: 1–35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. 1991. National Ideology under Socialism: Identity and Cultural Politics in Ceauşescu's Romania. Berkeley: University of California Press
Verheijen, Tony. 1995. Constitutional Pillars for New Democracies: The Cases of Bulgaria and Romania. Leiden: DSWO Press
Walicki, Andrzej. 1989. The Enlightenment and the Birth of Modern Nationhood: Polish Political Thought from Noble Republicanism to Tadeusz Kościuszko. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1974. The Modern World System. New York: Academic Press
Wheaton, Bernard, and Zdeněk Kavan. 1992. The Velvet Revolution. Boulder, CO: Westview
White, Gordon. 1994. Democratization and Economic Reform in China. Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 31: 73–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, Stephen, Judy Batt, and Paul Lewis (eds.). 1993. Developments in East European Politics. London: Macmillan
White, Stephen, Alex Pravda, and Zvi Gitelman (eds.). 1994. Developments in Russian and Post-Soviet Politics. London: Macmillan
Wightman, Gordon. 1993. The Czech and Slovak Republics. 51–65 in White, Batt and Lewis, 1993
Wilson, Andrew. 1997. Ukraine: Two Presidents and Their Powers. 67–105 in Ray Taras (ed.), Postcommunist Presidents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Wilson, Andrew, and Bilous, Artur. 1993. Political Parties in Ukraine. Europe–Asia Studies, 45 (4): 693–703CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wise, Charles R., and Brown, Trevor L.. 1999. The Separation of Powers in Ukraine. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 32 (1): 23–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolchik, Sharon. 1992. Czechoslovakia. 119–63 in Held, 1992
Wolchik, Sharon. 1995. The Politics of Transition and the Break-Up of Czechoslovakia. 225–44 in Musil, 1995
Wolinetz, Steven B. (ed.). 1998. Party Systems. Aldershot: Ashgate
Yenal, Oktay. 1990. Chinese Reforms, Inflation and the Allocation of Investment in a Socialist Economy. World Development, 18: 707–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Žák, Václav. 1995. The Velvet Divorce: Institutional Foundations. 245–68 in Musil, 1995
Zakaria, Fareed. 1997. The Rise of Illiberal Democracy. Foreign Affairs, 76 (6): 22–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaprudnik, Jan. 1993. Belarus: At a Crossroads in History. Boulder, CO: Westview
Zhang, Mingshu. 1994. Zhongguo “zhengzhi ren” (The Chinese “political man”). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe
Zhu, , Jianhua, , Zhao, Xinshu, and Li, Hairong. 1990. Public Political Consciousness in China: An Empirical Profile. Asian Survey, 30: 992–1006CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • John S. Dryzek, Australian National University, Canberra, Leslie Templeman Holmes, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Post-Communist Democratization
  • Online publication: 22 September 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492112.024
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • John S. Dryzek, Australian National University, Canberra, Leslie Templeman Holmes, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Post-Communist Democratization
  • Online publication: 22 September 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492112.024
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • John S. Dryzek, Australian National University, Canberra, Leslie Templeman Holmes, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Post-Communist Democratization
  • Online publication: 22 September 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511492112.024
Available formats
×