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7 - Long-term health consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 September 2009

By
Eleni Kousta  and
Stephen Franks
Edited by
Gabor T. Kovacs  and
Robert Norman
Eleni Kousta
Affiliation:
Greece
Stephen Franks
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Gabor T. Kovacs
Affiliation:
Monash University, Victoria
Robert Norman
Affiliation:
University of Adelaide
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Summary

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder to affect women of reproductive age (Franks 1995). Although its first description occurred almost 70 years ago (Stein and Leventhal 1935), there has been no universal agreement about its definition. Recently, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ESHRE/ASRM) achieved a new consensus regarding the definition of PCOS (The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group 2004). This is now defined as the presence of any two of the following three criteria: (1) polycystic ovaries; (2) oligo- and/or anovulation; and (3) clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism. This revised definition provides an international framework for the clinical assessment of PCOS and for future research and collaboration.

The clinical and biochemical features of the syndrome are heterogeneous and the combination and degree of expression of these features vary between individuals. In the last few years, it has become clear that PCOS is not simply a combination of hyperandrogenemia and anovulation, but has important long-term health implications (Franks 1995, Dunaif 1997, The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group 2004). Although disagreement about diagnostic criteria has, up to now, made it difficult to compare epidemiological studies of long-term health risks, it is now well accepted that PCOS has been associated with metabolic disorders (hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic beta cell function and increased risk of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia) and increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome , pp. 81 - 101
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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