Focusing largely on an extraordinary epistolary collection, this chapter discusses the relationship between Luigi Pirandello and Marta Abba and, in particular, the impact she had on his dramatic writing. The author’s acquaintance with Marta Abba, which began in 1925, arguably changed the trajectory of his work as a playwright: From that point on, he would increasingly center his plays on female characters, many of which he wrote explicitly for Abba and in her likeness. Her importance in his life can be seen in their letters, which reveal their bond, their deep respect for one another as colleagues and as experts in theatrical matters, and the extent to which he valued her perspective as he crafted his new plays. At the same time, one can glimpse in the plays how Pirandello’s unreciprocated romantic feelings for his muse and star actress shaped his conception of artistic creation as a substitute for love, desire, and procreation.