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13 - In vivo bio-optical properties of phytoplankton pigments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2012

By
Geir Johnsen ,
Annick Bricaud ,
Norman Nelson ,
Barbara B. Prézelin  and
Robert R. Bidigare
Edited by
Suzanne Roy ,
Carole A. Llewellyn ,
Einar Skarstad Egeland  and
Geir Johnsen
Suzanne Roy
Affiliation:
Université du Québec à Rimouski, Canada
Carole A. Llewellyn
Affiliation:
Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Einar Skarstad Egeland
Affiliation:
University of Nordland, Norway
Geir Johnsen
Affiliation:
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim
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Summary

Introduction

In this chapter we focus on spectral in vivo bio-optical (absorption, scattering and fluorescence) characteristics of phytoplankton. As such, the importance of measuring in vivo bio-optical properties of a culture, population or mixed community of phytoplankton is that the optical signatures provide us with important taxonomic, phylogenic and eco-physiological information. The optical signature in the PAR region (400–700 nm) of phytoplankton is central to understand the processes affecting the optical properties of the water column, the potential rate of primary production, phytoplankton community structure, and phytoplankton physiology and photo-ecology. This chapter gives important bio-optical information for interpretation of data from remote sensing and in situ monitoring of phytoplankton blooms (Chapter 14, this volume) and as an aid to study photo-acclimation processes (Chapter 11).

Light, or more precisely, a flux of photons (quanta) hitting a living phytoplankton cell can either be absorbed, scattered, transmitted, emitted as fluorescence/heat or induce photochemistry. The absorption spectrum (PAR) of phytoplankton is a composite signature of cellular photosynthetic and photoprotective pigments, with some contribution from intermediary electron transport components (e.g. flavins, quinines and cytochromes). The nature of the pigmentation varies significantly among phytoplankton groups and with environmental conditions.

Type
Chapter
Information
Phytoplankton Pigments
Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography
 , pp. 496 - 537
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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