Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T14:28:35.789Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

26 - On Migration

Personal Networks and Migration Trajectories

from IV - New Perspectives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2021

Mario L. Small
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Brea L. Perry
Affiliation:
Indiana University, Bloomington
Bernice Pescosolido
Affiliation:
Indiana University, Bloomington
Edward B. Smith
Affiliation:
Northwestern University, Illinois
Get access

Summary

Research has long explored the role that networks play in migration and post-migratory adaptation, and a large part of this scholarship uses a personal network approach. This chapter aims to review this literature and critically reflect on its advances and remaining challenges. We first introduce a few key concepts and preliminary methodological considerations for conducting personal network studies in the field of migration. Then, we discuss the empirical evidence in this field. We divide this literature in three broad sections, following its major trends over time: migration flows as network diffusion processes, network effects on individual decision-making and adaptation, and the influence of migration on personal network dynamics. Finally, we argue that research into networks and migration would benefit from a greater sensitivity to temporality, context and the internal heterogeneity of the migrant category, and a firmer knowledge base about personal network dynamics in the general population.

Type
Chapter
Information
Personal Networks
Classic Readings and New Directions in Egocentric Analysis
, pp. 675 - 695
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ager, Alastair, and Strang, Alison. 2008. “Understanding Integration: A Conceptual Framework.Journal of Refugee Studies 21(2): 166–91.Google Scholar
Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina, Georges, Annie, and Pozo, Susan. 2010. “Migration, Remittances, and Children’s Schooling in Haiti.Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 630(1): 224–44.Google Scholar
Arar, Rawan M. 2016. “How Political Migrants’ Networks Differ from Those of Economic Migrants: ‘Strategic Anonymity’ among Iraqi Refugees in Jordan.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 42(3): 519–35.Google Scholar
Bashi, Vilna F. 2007. Survival of the Knitted: Immigrant Social Networks in a Stratified World. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Beauchemin, Cris, and Amparo, González-Ferrer. 2011. “Sampling International Migrants with Origin-Based Snowballing Method: New Evidence on Biases and Limitations.Demographic Research 25: 103–34.Google Scholar
Beine, Michel, Docquier, Frédéric, and Çaǧlar, Özden. 2015. “Dissecting Network Externalities in International Migration.Journal of Demographic Economics 81(4): 379408.Google Scholar
Berlemann, Michael, and Steinhardt, Max Friedrich. 2017. “Climate Change, Natural Disasters, and Migration: A Survey of the Empirical Evidence.CESifo Economic Studies 63(4): 353–85.Google Scholar
Bidart, Claire, Degenne, Alain, and Grossetti, Michel. 2011. La Vie En Réseau: Dynamique Des Relations Sociales. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.Google Scholar
Bidart, Claire, and Lavenu, Daniel. 2005. “Evolutions of Personal Networks and Life Events.Social Networks 27(4): 359–76.Google Scholar
Bilecen, Başak, Gamper, Markus, and Lubbers, Miranda J.. 2018. “The Missing Link: Social Network Analysis in Migration and Transnationalism.Social Networks 53(1): 13.Google Scholar
Bilecen, Başak, and Sienkiewicz, Joanna J.. 2015. “Informal Social Protection Networks of Migrants: Typical Patterns in Different Transnational Social Spaces.Population, Space and Place 21: 227–43.Google Scholar
Bojarczuk, Sara, and Peter, Mühlau. 2018. “Mobilising Social Network Support for Childcare: The Case of Polish Migrant Mothers in Dublin.Social Networks 53: 101–10.Google Scholar
Boyd, Monica. 1989. “Family and Personal Networks in International Migration: Recent Developments and New Agendas.International Migration Review 23(3): 638–70.Google Scholar
Brandes, Ulrik, Lerner, Jürgen, Lubbers, Miranda J., McCarty, Christopher, Molina, José Luis, and Nagel, Uwe. 2010. “Recognizing Modes of Acculturation in Personal Networks of Migrants.Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 4: 413.Google Scholar
Cederberg, Maja. 2012. “Migrant Networks and Beyond: Exploring the Value of the Notion of Social Capital for Making Sense of Ethnic Inequalities.Acta Sociologica 55(1): 5972.Google Scholar
Chiswick, Barry R., and Miller, Paul W.. 2005. “Do Enclaves Matter in Immigrant Adjustment?City and Community 4(1): 535.Google Scholar
Coleman, James S. 1990. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Collyer, Michael. 2005. “When Do Social Networks Fail to Explain Migration? Accounting for the Movement of Algerian Asylum-Seekers to the UK.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 31(4): 699718.Google Scholar
Curran, Sara R., and Rivero-Fuentes., Estela 2003. “Engendering Migrant Networks: The Case of Mexican Migration.Demography 40(2): 289307.Google Scholar
Curry, Oliver Scott, Mullins, Daniel Austin, and Whitehouse, Harvey. 2019. “Is It Good to Cooperate? Testing the Theory of Morality-as-Cooperation in 60 Societies.Current Anthropology 60(1): 4769.Google Scholar
Dahinden, Janine. 2005. “Contesting Transnationalism? Lessons from the Study of Albanian Migration Networks from Former Yugoslavia.Global Networks 5(2): 191208.Google Scholar
Dahinden, Janine. 2009. “Are We All Transnationals Now? Network Transnationalism and Transnational Subjectivity: The Differing Impacts of Globalization on the Inhabitants of a Small Swiss City.Ethnic and Racial Studies 32: 1365–86.Google Scholar
Dahinden, Janine. 2016. “A Plea for the ‘de-Migranticization’ of Research on Migration and Integration.Ethnic and Racial Studies 39(13): 2207–25.Google Scholar
Dekker, Rianne, and Engbersen, Godfried. 2014. “How Social Media Transform Migrant Networks and Facilitate Migration.Global Networks 14(4): 401–18.Google Scholar
Engbersen, Godfried, Snel, Erik, and Esteves, Alina. 2016. “Migration Mechanisms of the Middle Range: On the Concept of Reverse Cumulative Causation,” pp. 205–30 in Beyond Networks: Feedback in International Migration, edited by Bakewell, O., Engbersen, G., Fonseca, M. L., and Horst, C.. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Epstein, Gil. 2008. “Herd and Network Effects in Migration Decision-Making.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 34(4): 567–83.Google Scholar
Esser, Hartmut. 2000. Soziologie. Spezielle Grundlagen. Band 2: Die Konstruktion Der Gesellschaft. Frankfurt and New York: Campus.Google Scholar
Faist, Thomas. 1998. “Transnational Social Spaces out of International Migration: Evolution, Significance and Future Prospects.European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie / Europäisches Archiv Für Soziologie 39(2): 213–47.Google Scholar
Olwig, Fog, Karen. 2007. Caribbean Journeys: An Ethnography of Migration and Home in Three Family Networks. Durham and London: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Fouron, Georges, and Schiller, Nina Glick. 2001. “All in the Family: Gender, Transnational Migration, and the Nation-State.Identities 7(4): 539–82.Google Scholar
Gans, Herbert J. 1992. “Ethnic Invention and Acculturation: A Bumpy-Line Approach.Journal of American Ethnic History 11: 4252.Google Scholar
Garip, Filiz. 2016. On the Move: Changing Mechanisms of Mexico-U.S. Migration. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Garip, Filiz, and Asad, Asad L.. 2016. “Network Effects in Mexico-U.S. Migration: Disentangling the Underlying Social Mechanisms.American Behavioral Scientist 60(10): 1168–93.Google Scholar
Glazer, Nathan, and Moynihan, Daniel P.. 1963. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Glick Schiller, Nina, and Ayse, Çağlar. 2016. “Displacement, Emplacement and Migrant Newcomers: Rethinking Urban Sociabilities within Multiscalar Power.Identities 23(1): 1734.Google Scholar
Glick Schiller, Nina, and Fouron, Georges E.. 1999. “Terrains of Blood and Nation: Haitian Transnational Social Fields.Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(2): 340–66.Google Scholar
Gordon, Milton M. 1964. Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion, and National Origins. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Granovetter, Mark S. 1973. “The Strength of Weak Ties.American Journal of Sociology 78(6): 1360–80.Google Scholar
Guarnizo, Luis E. 1997. “The Emergence of a Transnational Social Formation and The Mirage of Return Migration among Dominican Transmigrants.Identities 4(2): 281322.Google Scholar
Gurak, Douglas, and Caces, Fe. 1992. “Migration Networks and the Shaping of Migration Systems,” pp. 150–76 in International Migration Systems: A Global Approach, edited by Kritz, M. M., Lean Lim, L., and Zlotnix., H. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Haas, Hein de. 2010. “The Internal Dynamics of Migration Processes: A Theoretical Inquiry.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 36(10): 1587–617.Google Scholar
Hagan, Jacqueline, Leal, David, and Rodriguez, Nestor. 2015. “Deporting Social Capital: Implications for Immigrant Communities in the United States.Migration Studies 3(3): 370–92.Google Scholar
Hastrup, Kirsten, and Olwig, Karen Fog. 2012. Climate Change and Human Mobility: Challenges to the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Haug, Sonja. 2008. “Migration Networks and Migration Decision-Making.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 34(4): 585605.Google Scholar
Herz, Andreas. 2015. “Relational Constitution of Social Support in Migrants’ Transnational Personal Communities.Social Networks 40: 6474.Google Scholar
Hosnedlová, Renáta. 2017. “Embedded Settlement Intentions: The Case of Ukrainians in Madrid.Social Networks 49: 4866.Google Scholar
Kalish, Yuval, and Robins, Garry. 2006. “Psychological Predispositions and Network Structure: The Relationship between Individual Predispositions, Structural Holes and Network Closure.Social Networks 28(1): 5684.Google Scholar
Kloosterman, Robert C., and Rath, Jan. 2018. “Mixed Embeddedness Revisited: A Conclusion to the Symposium.Sociologica 12(2): 103–14.Google Scholar
Kloosterman, Robert, Der Van Leun, Joanne, and Rath, Jan. 1999. “Mixed Embeddedness: (In)Formal Economic Activities and Immigrant Businesses in the Netherlands.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 23(2): 252–66.Google Scholar
Komito, Lee. 2011. “Social Media and Migration: Virtual Community 2.0.Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62(6): 1075–86.Google Scholar
Korinek, Kim, Entwistle, Barbara, and Jampaklay, Aree. 2005. “Through Thick and Thin: Layers of Social Ties and Urban Settlement among Thai Migrants.American Sociological Review 70: 779800.Google Scholar
Krissmann, Fred. 2005. “Sin Coyote Ni Patrón: Why the ‘Migrant Network’ Fails to Explain International Migration.International Migration Review 39(1): 444.Google Scholar
Lamont, Michèle, and Pierson, Paul. 2019. “Inequality Generation and Persistence as Multidimensional Processes: An Interdisciplinary Agenda.Daedalus 148(3): 518.Google Scholar
Lášticová, Barbara. 2014. “New Media, Social Capital and Transnational Migration: Slovaks in the UK.Human Affairs 24(4): 406–22.Google Scholar
León, Jason De. 2015. The Land of Open Graves: Living and Dying on the Migrant Trail. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Lerner, Jürgen, Lubbers, Miranda J., Molina, José Luis, and Brandes, Ulrik. 2014. “Social Capital Companion: Capturing Personal Networks as They Are Lived.Grafo Working Papers 3: 1837.Google Scholar
Light, Ivan, and Elsa, von Scheven. 2008. “Mexican Migration Networks in the United States, 1980–2000.International Migration Review 42(3): 704–28.Google Scholar
Lin, Nan. 2001. Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lubbers, Miranda J., Verdery, Ashton M., and Molina, José Luis. 2020. “Social Networks and Transnational Social Fields: A Review of Quantitative and Mixed-Methods Approaches.International Migration Review 54(1): 177204.Google Scholar
Lubbers, Miranda J., Molina, José Luis, Lerner, Jürgen, Brandes, Ulrik, Ávila, Javier, and McCarty, Christopher M.. 2010. “Longitudinal Analysis of Personal Networks. The Case of Argentinean Migrants in Spain.Social Networks 32(1): 91104.Google Scholar
Lubbers, Miranda J., Molina, José Luis, and Christopher, McCarty. 2007. “Personal Networks and Ethnic Identifications: The Case of Migrants in Spain.International Sociology 22(6): 721–41.Google Scholar
Lubbers, Miranda J., Molina, José Luis, and Christopher, McCarty. In press. “How Do Migrants’ Processes of Social Embedding Unfold Over Time?” Global Networks. https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12297Google Scholar
MacDonald, John S., and MacDonald, Leatrice D.. 1964. “Chain Migration, Ethnic Neighborhood Formation and Social Networks.The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 42(1): 82.Google Scholar
Mahler, Sarah J. 1995. American Dreaming: Immigrant Life on the Margins. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mandić, Danilo. 2017. “Trafficking and Syrian Refugee Smuggling: Evidence from the Balkan Route.Social Inclusion 5(2): 2838.Google Scholar
Marin, Alexandra, and Hampton, Keith N.. 2019. “Network Instability in Times of Stability.Sociological Forum 34(2): 313–36.Google Scholar
Martinovic, Borja, Van Tubergen, Frank, and Maas, Ineke. 2015. “A Longitudinal Study of Interethnic Contacts in Germany: Estimates from a Multilevel Growth Curve Model.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41(1): 83100.Google Scholar
Massey, Douglas S. 1987. “The Ethnosurvey in Theory and Practice.International Migration Review 21(4): 1498–522.Google Scholar
Massey, Douglas S. 1990. “Social Structure, Household Strategies, and the Cumulative Causation of Migration.Population Index 56(1): 326.Google Scholar
Massey, Douglas S., Arango, Joaquin, Hugo, Graeme, Kouaouci, Ali, Pellegrino, Adela, and Edward Taylor, J.. 1993. “Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal.Population and Development Review 19(3): 431–66.Google Scholar
Massey, Douglas S., Goldring, Luin, and Durand, Jorge. 1994. “Continuities in Transnational Migration: An Analysis of Nineteen Mexican Communities.American Journal of Sociology 99(6): 1492–533.Google Scholar
Mauss, Marcel. 1990 [1923]. The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mazzucato, Valentina. 2011. “Reverse Remittances in the Migration-Development Nexus: Two-Way Flows between Ghana and the Netherlands.Population, Space and Place 17(5): 454–68.Google Scholar
Mazzucato, Valentina, Dankyi, Ernestina, and Poeze, Miranda. 2017. “Mapping Transnational Networks of Care from a Multi-Actor and Multi-Sited Perspective,” pp. 269–84 in Situating Children of Migrants across Borders and Origins: A Methodological Overview, edited by Bolzman, C., Bernardi, L., and Le Goff, J-M. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
McPherson, Miller, Smith-Lovin, Lynn, and Brashears, Matthew E.. 2006. “Social Isolation in America: Changes in Core Discussion Networks over Two Decades.American Sociological Review 73(6): 353–75.Google Scholar
Meeteren, Masja van, and Pereira, Sonia. 2018. “Beyond the ‘Migrant Network’? Exploring Assistance Received in the Migration of Brazilians to Portugal and the Netherlands.Journal of International Migration and Integration 19(4): 925–44.Google Scholar
Menjívar, Cecilia. 2000. Fragmented Ties: Salvadoran Immigrant Networks in America. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Molina, José Luis, Martínez-Cháfer, Luis, Molina-Morales, Francesc Xavier, and Lubbers, Miranda J.. 2018. “Industrial Districts and Migrant Enclaves: A Model of Interaction.European Planning Studies 26(6): 1160–80.Google Scholar
Morgan, David L., Neal, Margaret B., and Carder, Paula. 1997. “The Stability of Core and Peripheral Networks over Time.Social Networks 19: 925.Google Scholar
Mouw, Ted, Chavez, Sergio, Edelblute, Heather, and Verdery, Ashton. 2014. “Binational Social Networks and Assimilation: A Test of the Importance of Transnationalism.Social Problems 61(3): 329–59.Google Scholar
Pathirage, Jagath, and Collyer, Michael. 2011. “Capitalizing Social Networks: Sri Lankan Migration to Italy.Ethnography 12(3): 315–33.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro. 1998. “Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology.Annual Review of Sociology 24(1): 124.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Sensenbrenner, Julia. 1993. “Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the Social Determinants of Economic Action.American Journal of Sociology 98(6): 1320–50.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Zhou, Min. 1993. “The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and Its Variants.Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530: 7496.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1993. Making Democracy Work. Civil Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Rainee, Lee, and Wellman, Barry. 2012. Networked: The New Social Operating System. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Real, Deisy Del. 2019. “Toxic Ties: The Reproduction of Legal Violence within Mixed-Status Intimate Partners, Relatives, and Friends.International Migration Review 53(2): 548–70.Google Scholar
Ritchey, P. Neal. 1976. “Explanations of Migration.Annual Review of Sociology 2(1): 363404.Google Scholar
Rouse, R. 1992. “Making Sense of Settlement: Class Transformation, Cultural Struggle, and Transnationalism among Mexican Migrants in the United States.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 645: 2552.Google Scholar
Ryan, Louise. 2018. “Differentiated Embedding: Polish Migrants in London Negotiating Belonging over Time.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(2): 233–51.Google Scholar
Ryan, Louise, Sales, Rosemary, Tilki, Mary, and Siara, Bernadetta. 2008. “Social Networks, Social Support and Social Capital: The Experiences of Recent Polish Migrants in London.Sociology 42(4): 672–90.Google Scholar
Small, Mario L. 2009. Unanticipated Gains: Origins of Network Inequality in Everyday Life. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Small, Mario L., and Adler, Laura. 2019. “The Role of Space in the Formation of Social Ties.Annual Review of Sociology 45(1): 111–32.Google Scholar
Smith, Robert C. 2005. Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Spencer, Sarah. 2011. The Migration Debate. Bristol: The Policy Press.Google Scholar
Spyratos, Spyratos., Vespe, Michele, Rango, Michele, Zagheni, Emilio, Weber, Ingmar, and Natale, Fabrizio. 2018. “Migration Data Using Social Media: A European Perspective.” Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2760/964282Google Scholar
Stepick, Alex, and Stepick, Carol Dutton. 2010. “The Complexities and Confusions of Segmented Assimilation.Ethnic and Racial Studies 33(7): 1149–67.Google Scholar
Strang, Alison B., and Quinn, Neil. 2019. “Integration or Isolation? Refugees’ Social Connections and Wellbeing.” Journal of Refugee Studies 40: 126.Google Scholar
Tillema, Taede, Dijst, Martin, and Schwanen, Tim. 2010. “Face-to-Face and Electronic Communications in Maintaining Social Networks: The Influence of Geographical and Relational Distance and of Information Content.New Media and Society 12 (6): 965–83.Google Scholar
Tilly, Charles. 1998. Durable Inequality. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Tilly, Charles, and Harold Brown, C.. 1967. “On Uprooting, Kinship and the Auspices of Migration.International Journal of Comparative Sociology 8(2): 139–64.Google Scholar
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2019. “International Migrant Stock 2019.” Available at: www.unmigration.orgGoogle Scholar
Vacca, Raffaele, Solano, Giacomo, Lubbers, Miranda J., Molina, José Luis, and McCarty, Christopher. 2018. “A Personal Network Approach to the Study of Immigrant Structural Assimilation and Transnationalism.Social Networks 53: 7289.Google Scholar
Hugo, Valenzuela García, Molina, José Luis, Macías, Alejandro García, Lubbers, Miranda J., Pampalona, Judith, and Lerner, Jürgen. 2014. “On Heterogeneous and Homogenous Networks in a Multilayered Reality. Clashing Interests in the Ethnic Enclave of Lloret de Mar.Societies 4: 85104.Google Scholar
Vertovec, Steven. 2007a. “Super-Diversity and Its Implications”. Ethnic and Racial Studies 30(6): 1024–54.Google Scholar
Vertovec, Steven. 2007b. “Migrant Transnationalism and Modes of Transformation,” pp. 149–80 in Rethinking Migration: New Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives, edited by Portes, A. and DeWind, J.. New York: Berghahn Books.Google Scholar
Wessendorf, Susanne, and Phillimore, Jenny. 2019. “New Migrants’ Social Integration, Embedding and Emplacement in Superdiverse Contexts.Sociology 53(1): 123–38.Google Scholar
Wilson, Tamar Diana. 1998. “Weak Ties, Strong Ties: Network Principles in Mexican Migration.Human Organization 57(4): 394403.Google Scholar
Wimmer, Andreas, and Schiller, Nina Glick. 2002. “Methodological Nationalism and Beyond: Nation-State Building, Migration and the Social Sciences.Global Networks 2(4): 301–34.Google Scholar
Wissink, Marieke, and Mazzucato, Valentina. 2018. “In Transit: Changing Social Networks of Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Turkey and Greece.Social Networks 53: 3041.Google Scholar
Woolcock, Michael. 1998. “Social Capital and Economic Development: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis and Policy Framework.Theory and Society 27(2): 151208.Google Scholar
Wrzus, Cornelia, Hänel, Martha, Wagner, Jenny, and Neyer, Franz J.. 2013. “Social Network Changes and Life Events across the Life Span: A Meta-Analysis.Psychological Bulletin 139(1): 5380.Google Scholar
Zhou, Min. 2014. “Segmented Assimilation and Socio-Economic Integration of Chinese Immigrant Children in the USA.Ethnic and Racial Studies 37(7): 1172–83.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×