recognize faces we have not seen for many years, even in disguise,

recognize voices over a poor telephone line,

as babies recognize our mothers by smell,

distinguish the grapes used to make a wine, and sometimes

even recognize the vineyard and year,

identify thousands of species of flowers and

spot an approaching storm.

diagnosing diseases,

detecting abnormal cells in cervical smears,

recognizing dangerous driving conditions,

identifying types of car, aeroplane, …,

identifying suspected criminals by fingerprints and DNA profiles,

reading Zip codes (US postal codes) on envelopes,

reading hand-written symbols (on a penpad computer),

reading maps and circuit diagrams,

classifying galaxies by shape,

picking an optimal move or strategy in a game such as chess,

identifying incoming missiles from radar or sonar signals,

detecting shoals of fish by sonar,

checking packets of frozen peas for ‘foreign bodies’,

spotting fake ‘antique’ furniture,

deciding which customers will be good credit risks and

spotting good opportunities on the financial markets.