Through a close reading of primary and rare historical sources, this chapter demonstrates how diverse communities transferred, adapted, and blended botanical species and knowledges to forge innovative “Creole” landscapes and societies in Brazil and beyond. It places the African oil palm within Atlantic networks of botanical and intellectual exchange to examine its arrival and establishment in Bahia. The chapter concludes by discussing the roles of Afro-descendant people and ecologies within palm oil landscapes and cultures in Brazil.