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13 - Pacific herring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2013

By
Walter H. Pearson ,
Ralph A. Elston ,
Karen Humphrey  and
Richard B. Deriso
Edited by
John A. Wiens
John A. Wiens
Affiliation:
PRBO Conservation Science, California and University of Western Australia, Perth
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Summary

Introduction

Following the Exxon Valdez oil spill in 1989, concern quickly arose about potential effects on Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii). As the most abundant forage fish in Prince William Sound (PWS), Pacific herring is a keystone species, consuming zooplankton and providing high-quality prey for birds, marine mammals, and other fish (Spies, 2007). Pacific herring are also commercially important, supporting five fisheries in PWS: two spring fisheries for roe (eggs as food), two spring fisheries for eggs on kelp (a delicacy), and a fall “fish” fishery for bait and food. The four spring fisheries are the first opportunity to conduct commercial fishing after the winter. These five fisheries provided landings (i.e., landed catches) worth about $12 million in the year before the spill (Brady et al., 1991a). And Pacific herring are an important subsistence food for people living in the area.

Herring life history is complex (Fig. 13.1; Blaxter, 1985; Hay, 1985; McQuinn, 1997), and multiple factors – such as ocean conditions, prey availability, predation, and competition – structure herring population dynamics in PWS and the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). Establishing whether and how the spill affected herring required separating spill-related injuries from changes caused by the complex of other factors affecting herring. Moreover, little information about several aspects of herring life history and population dynamics in PWS was available at the time of the spill. Thus, although the overall goal of scientific investigations of herring was to assess the effects of the oil spill, it was also necessary to undertake basic research to fill in the information gaps necessary to assess the spill’s effects.

Type
Chapter
Information
Oil in the Environment
Legacies and Lessons of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
 , pp. 292 - 317
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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