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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 August 2019
In this chapter, Alfano connects the Nietzschean constructs of instinct, drive, and type. He argues that a drive is a disposition to engage in a characteristic pattern of actions and evaluations. Drives are distinguished from preferences and desires in that preferences and desires aim at outcomes whereas drives aim at activity. As such, drive-motivated behaviors can lead to consequences that the agent does not prefer. Instincts, according to Alfano, are innate drives, but not all drives are instinctual. A person's type, in the Nietzschean framework, is the full constellation of her instincts and other drives. Different people embody different types, which turns out in the next chapter to be crucial to understanding Nietzsche's person-type-relative unity of virtue thesis.
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