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Chapter 23 - Pediatric Vascular Malformations

from Section 2 - Clinical Neurosurgical Diseases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2024

By
Alaa Montaser  and
Edward R. Smith
Edited by
Farhana Akter ,
Nigel Emptage ,
Florian Engert  and
Mitchel S. Berger
Farhana Akter
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Nigel Emptage
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Florian Engert
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Mitchel S. Berger
Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco
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Summary

Pediatric vascular malformations are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can generally be categorized into structural lesions and arteriopathies. The most common structural lesions encountered in pediatric neurosurgery include high-flow malformations involving abnormal connections between arteries and veins and low-flow malformations of aberrant capillary development(cavernous malformations). The term “moyamoya” is used to encompass a diverse group of arteriopathies characterized by the shared finding of progressive stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid arteries resulting in stroke. Here we will define these lesions, discuss epidemiology to put the scope of the disease in context, and then review the pathobiology in detail, with current genetic screening recommendations.

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Neuroscience for Neurosurgeons , pp. 314 - 325
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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