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Chapter 2 - Cerebral Autoregulation

from Section 1 - Basic and Computational Neuroscience

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2024

By
Parisa Nikrouz ,
Xingping Qin  and
Farhana Akter
Edited by
Farhana Akter ,
Nigel Emptage ,
Florian Engert  and
Mitchel S. Berger
Farhana Akter
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Nigel Emptage
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Florian Engert
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Mitchel S. Berger
Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco
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Summary

The brain and the encased skull constitute an incompressible system that encloses a volume of approximately 1450 ml. Normally, the intracranial volume is made up of 80% brain tissue, 10% cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), and 10% intravascular blood. The basic principle of physics in relation to intracranial content is described by the Monroe–Kellie doctrine. This hypothesis states that the total volume of the brain, CSF, and intracranial blood should be constant. Any increases in the volume of one of the components must be at the expense of the other two to maintain adequate brain function.

Type
Chapter
Information
Neuroscience for Neurosurgeons , pp. 51 - 58
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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References

Further Reading

Akter, F, Robba, C, Gupta, A. Multimodal monitoring in the neurocritical care unit. In Prabhakar, H, Ali, Z (eds.), Textbook of Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care. Springer, 2019.Google Scholar
Cho, Won-Sang, Ha, Eun, Ko, Sang-Bae, Yang, Seungman, Kim, Hee Chan, Kim, Jeong. New Parameters for evaluating cerebral autoregulation and pressure–volume compensatory reserve in neurocritial patients. J Neurointens Care 2018;1:7–11. https://doi.org/10.32587/jnic.2018.00038.Google Scholar
Czosnyka, M, Pickard, JD. Monitoring and interpretation of intracranial pressure. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75:813–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2003.033126. PMID: 15145991; PMCID: PMC1739058.Google Scholar
Czosnyka, M, Smielewski, P, Timofeev, I, et al. Intracranial pressure: more than a number. Neurosurg Focus 2007;22(5):E10. https://doi.org/10.3171/foc.2007.22.5.11. PMID: 17613228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ragosta, M. Textbook of Clinical Hemodynamics. 2nd ed. Elsevier, 2017.Google Scholar
Silverman, A, Petersen, NH. Physiology, cerebral autoregulation. [Updated 2022 Feb 16]. StatPearls [Internet], 2022. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553183/Google Scholar
Steiner, LA, Andrews, PJ. Monitoring the injured brain: ICP and CBF. Br J Anaesth 2006;97(1):26–38. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/ael110. Epub 2006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wymer, DT, Patel, KP, Burke, WF 3rd, Bhatia, VK. Phase-contrast MRI: physics, techniques, and clinical applications. Radiographics 2020;40(1):122–40. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2020190039. PMID: 31917664.Google Scholar

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