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Chapter 9 - An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

from Section 1 - Basic and Computational Neuroscience

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2024

By
Shun Yao ,
Ye Wu  and
Farhana Akter
Edited by
Farhana Akter ,
Nigel Emptage ,
Florian Engert  and
Mitchel S. Berger
Farhana Akter
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Nigel Emptage
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Florian Engert
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Mitchel S. Berger
Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco
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Summary

Artificial intelligence(AI), a term first coined by John McCarthy in the 1950s, is best thought of as the design of intelligent agents that can recognize and process stimuli to make decisions, similar to humans. The use of AI and artificial neural networks(ANNs) in medicine has been widely adopted to improve the efficiency of diagnostic medicine, and these include ANN-based analysis of electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, radiographs, and automated computerized systems based on ANNs for detection of cancer data.

Type
Chapter
Information
Neuroscience for Neurosurgeons , pp. 146 - 157
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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References

Further Reading

Choi, RY, Coyner, AS, Kalpathy-Cramer, J, Chiang, MF, Campbell, JP. Introduction to machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020;9(2):14. https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.9.2.14. PMID: 32704420; PMCID: PMC7347027.Google Scholar
McCulloch, WS, Pitts, W. A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bull Math Biophys 1943;5;115–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02478259Google Scholar
Rowe, M. An introduction to machine learning for clinicians. Acad Med 2019;94(10):1433–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000002792. PMID: 31094727.Google Scholar
Sidey-Gibbons, JAM, Sidey-Gibbons, CJ. Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction. BMC Med Res Methodol 2019;19(1):64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-019-0681-4. PMID: 30890124; PMCID: PMC6425557.Google Scholar

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