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3 - Evolution of Ecosystem Science to Advance Science and Society in the Twenty-First Century

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2021

By
David C. Coleman ,
Eldor A. Paul ,
Stacy Lynn  and
Thomas Rosswall
Edited by
Robert G. Woodmansee ,
John C. Moore ,
Dennis S. Ojima  and
Laurie Richards
Robert G. Woodmansee
Affiliation:
Colorado State University
John C. Moore
Affiliation:
Colorado State University
Dennis S. Ojima
Affiliation:
Colorado State University
Laurie Richards
Affiliation:
Colorado State University
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Summary

“Leaders stand on the shoulders of those who came before them” (paraphrased from Bernard of Chartres and Isaac Newton among others) and they depend on those around them to hold them up. The evolution of ecosystem science is traced in this chapter from its conceptual beginnings in the late 1500s (and earlier) until now. The importance of “giants” in soil science, botany, chemistry, zoology, and microbiology in establishing the scientific basis for what later would become “ecology” and later yet “ecosystem science” is emphasized. As the science evolved toward the study of the structure and functioning of ecosystems, relying heavily on the systems ecology paradigm and especially as humans became recognized as integral parts thereof, research philosophy and methodology needed to change. Science needed to evolve from individual scientists (giants) with reductionist perspectives to transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary teams of scientists with leaders (often multiple leaders) having holistic, systems thinking perspectives buttressed by cadres of collaborators and technical and administrative supporters, often from many locations nationally and internationally. Now teams are beginning to include social sciences, economists, education and engagement specialists, managers, decision-makers, and other stakeholders.

Keywords

origin of ecosystem sciencehistory of ecosystem sciencesoil science and systems ecologyinterdisciplinary ecological researchinternational collaboration in ecosystem sciencesocial-ecological systemsInternational Biological Program Grassland Biome
Type
Chapter
Information
Natural Resource Management Reimagined
Using the Systems Ecology Paradigm
 , pp. 66 - 89
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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