Two horned gods, similar in their iconography yet different in their cultic significance, seem to have expressed notions of foundation and territoriality. The cult of Apollo Karneios forged a chain linking Sparta, Thera, and Cyrene and thus expressed, in Greek terms, what often eludes the observer: the Greek awareness of the ’world of Spartan colonization’. Zeus Ammon became the national god of Cyrene and his cult spread to Sparta and other Greek cities. The metaphorical perception of the ’precinct’ of this god and the locations of his cult-sites also delimited Cyrenaica, the Greek colonial territory in Libya. Libya belongs to the world of Spartan colonization in both reality and aspiration. As we have seen, in the Archaic period it was believed that Sparta had founded Thera and thus was grandmother city to Cyrene, Thera’s colony in Libya. The three cities were consistently regarded as a single chain of foundations. It has also been suggested that Sparta had an active role in the settlement of Cyrenaica, perhaps even by sending Chionis as a co-founder with Battos. Even if one rejects any real Spartan participation, Greek perceptions of Sparta’s role as a colonizer in North Africa will still seem coherent and long-lasting.