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18 - Molecular Chaperones as Inducers of Tumour Immunity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 August 2009

By
Pinaki P. Banerjee  and
Zihai Li
Edited by
Brian Henderson  and
A. Graham Pockley
Pinaki P. Banerjee
Affiliation:
Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.
Zihai Li
Affiliation:
Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.
Brian Henderson
Affiliation:
University College London
A. Graham Pockley
Affiliation:
University of Sheffield
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Summary

Introduction

Tumour antigens can be broadly classified into four categories: (i) those that are expressed in larger quantities in tumours than their normal counterparts (e.g., tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens) [1], (ii) onco-fetal antigens (e.g., carcinoembryonic antigen) [2], (iii) differentiation antigens (e.g., melanoma differentiation antigen) [3, 4] and (iv) tumour-specific antigens. Tumour antigens in the first three categories could serve as useful markers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Although some of these antigens are being used in immunotherapy, none can be called tumour-specific in a true sense. Only the last group includes antigens that are truly specific for tumour cells, in that they contain tumour-specific mutations that are unique for individual tumours such as the tumour-specific point mutation that is found in cyclin-dependent kinase-4. Such a mutation gives rise to a novel antigenic epitope which can be recognised by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) [5]. However, for these antigens to be of any value as therapeutic agents, they must be detected in and epitopes isolated from a large range of cancers, and this makes the general use of these antigens difficult.

In the past two decades, evidence has accumulated to support the concept that molecular chaperones or heat shock proteins can be used as a potent source of cancer vaccines [6, 7]. Molecular chaperones, particularly those derived from the Hsp70 and Hsp90 families, are now being tested in the clinical arena for therapeutic efficacy against a range of cancers (Table 18.1).

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Molecular Chaperones and Cell Signalling , pp. 300 - 318
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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  • Molecular Chaperones as Inducers of Tumour Immunity
    • By Pinaki P. Banerjee, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A., Zihai Li, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.
  • Edited by Brian Henderson, University College London, A. Graham Pockley, University of Sheffield
  • Book: Molecular Chaperones and Cell Signalling
  • Online publication: 10 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546310.019
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  • Molecular Chaperones as Inducers of Tumour Immunity
    • By Pinaki P. Banerjee, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A., Zihai Li, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.
  • Edited by Brian Henderson, University College London, A. Graham Pockley, University of Sheffield
  • Book: Molecular Chaperones and Cell Signalling
  • Online publication: 10 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546310.019
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  • Molecular Chaperones as Inducers of Tumour Immunity
    • By Pinaki P. Banerjee, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A., Zihai Li, Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.
  • Edited by Brian Henderson, University College London, A. Graham Pockley, University of Sheffield
  • Book: Molecular Chaperones and Cell Signalling
  • Online publication: 10 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546310.019
Available formats
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