Similar to English, some words in Persian feature spelling that is different from their pronunciation. Not all words in Persian have a discrepancy between spelling and pronunciation. The majority of words in Persian are pronounced according to their spelling. The following represents a summary of the main cases of divergence between spelling and pronunciation in the modern Persian of Iran.

Phonology: Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs

Written combinations (ãn) and (ãm) are pronounced oon and oom, respectively:

2. Letters and (h) are not pronounced in the middle of the word; at the end of the word, especially after a consonant; in the plural ending ; in the word also.

3. The diacritic vowel e is pronounced as the letter vowel eeas long as that does not change the meaning.

Note that in cases like the word(ke) that, the pronunciation does not change to (kee) who because the word already exists as a different word with its own specific meaning.

4. When the vowel o represented by the diacritic is followed in the next syllable by the vowel oo represented by the letter in the root of the same word, both vowels are pronounced uniformly as oo

5. The specific direct object marker is usually pronounced ro after vowels and o after consonants and the vowel

6. Combination of consonants nb is pronounced mb:

7. Miscellaneous:

Phonology: Verbs

1. The verb است is pronounced eh and, sometimes, s depending on the last letter in the word that follows.

Conjugational endings in verbs.

3. The andof the verb roots vanish during conjugation in the present tense and subjunctive.

4. The letter vanishes from the verb's root when conjugated in the present tense and subjunctive.

5. Altered verb root. The letters either vanish or become replaced with other letters.

7. Subjunctive/imperative marker prefix behis pronounced bo in the verbs whose root vowel is o. For example,