Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-n2sc8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-03-09T17:51:33.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 15 - Introduction to quantitative volcano seismology

Fluid-driven sources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Bernard Chouet
Edited by
Sarah A. Fagents ,
Tracy K. P. Gregg  and
Rosaly M. C. Lopes
Sarah A. Fagents
Affiliation:
University of Hawaii, Manoa
Tracy K. P. Gregg
Affiliation:
State University of New York, Buffalo
Rosaly M. C. Lopes
Affiliation:
NASA-Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Get access

Summary

Overview

Recent technological developments and increases in the seismological instrumentation of volcanoes now allow the surface effects of subterranean volcanic processes to be imaged in unprecedented detail. The wealth and accuracy of resulting seismic data have allowed the identification of oscillatory behaviors that are intimately related to magma transport dynamics. A critically important area of research in volcano seismology today is aimed at the quantification of the source properties of these oscillatory signals, which typically include Long-Period (LP) events and tremor with periods in the range 0.2−2 s, and Very-Long-Period (VLP) events with periods in the range 2−100 s (see Glossary at end of chapter). The two types of events provide information about the seismic source geometry, fluid properties at the source, and source excitation process, all of which represent critical elements in the assessment of volcanic behavior and associated hazards. To fully exploit the potential of seismic observations, however, we must learn how to translate seismic source mechanisms into quantitative information about fluid dynamics, and we also must determine the underlying physics that governs vesiculation, fragmentation, and the collapse of bubble-rich suspensions to form separate melt and vapor. Refined understanding of such processes requires multidisciplinary research involving detailed field measurements, coupled with laboratory experiments and numerical modeling.

Type
Chapter
Information
Modeling Volcanic Processes
The Physics and Mathematics of Volcanism
 , pp. 331 - 358
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, AC-9, 716–723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aki, K. and Richards, P. G. (2002). Quantitative Seismology, 2nd edn. Sausalito, CA: University Science Books.Google Scholar
Aki, K., Fehler, M. and Das, S. (1977). Source mechanism of volcanic tremor: Fluid-driven crack models and their application to the 1963 Kilauea eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2, 259–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arciniega-Ceballos, A., Chouet, B., Dawson, P. and Asch, G. (2008). Broadband seismic measurements of degassing activity associated with lava effusion at Popocatépetl Volcano, Mexico. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 170, 12–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Auger, E., D’Auria, L., Martini, M. Chouet, B. and Dawson, P. (2006). Real-time monitoring and massive inversion of source parameters of very long period seismic signals: An application to Stromboli Volcano, Italy. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L04301, doi:.
Balmforth, N. J. and Mandre, S. (2004). Dynamics of roll waves. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 514, 1–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balmforth, N. J., Craster, R. V. and Rust, A. C. (2005). Instability in flow through elastic conduits and volcanic tremor. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 527, 353–377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ben-Menahem, A. and Singh, S. J. (1981). Seismic Waves and Sources. New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biot, M. A. (1952). Propagation of elastic waves in a cylindrical bore containing a fluid. Journal of Applied Physics, 23, 997–1005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. (1986). Dynamics of a fluid-driven crack in three dimensions by the finite difference method. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91, 13 967–13 992.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. (1988). Resonance of a fluid-driven crack: Radiation properties and implications for the source of long-period events and harmonic tremor. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, 4375–4400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. (1992). A seismic source model for the source of long-period events and harmonic tremor. In IAVCEI Proceedings in Volcanology, Volume 3, ed. Gasparini, P., Scarpa, R. and Aki, K.. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 133–156.Google Scholar
Chouet, B. (1996a). Long-period volcano seismicity: its source and use in eruption forecasting. Nature, 380, 309–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. (1996b). New methods and future trends in seismological volcano monitoring. In Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards, ed. Scarpa, R.and Tilling, R. I.. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 23–97.Google Scholar
Chouet, B. (2003). Volcano seismology. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 160, 739–788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. and Julian, B. R. (1985). Dynamics of an expanding fluid-filled crack. Journal of Geophysical Research, 90, 11 187–11 198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B. A., Page, R. A., Stephens, C. D., Lahr, J. C. and Power, J. A. (1994). Precursory swarms of long-period events at Redoubt Volcano (1989–1990), Alaska: Their origin and use as a forecasting tool. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 62, 95–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B., Dawson, P.Ohminato, T. et al. (2003). Source mechanisms of explosions at Stromboli Volcano, Italy, determined from moment-tensor inversions of very-long-period data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 2019, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B., Dawson, P. and Arciniega-Ceballos, A. (2005). Source mechanism of Vulcanian degassing at Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico, determined from waveform inversions of very long period signals. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, B07301, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouet, B., Dawson, P. and Martini, M. (2008). Shallow-conduit dynamics at Stromboli Volcano, Italy, imaged from waveform inversion. In Fluid Motions in Volcanic Conduits: A Source of Seismic and Acoustic Signals, ed. Lane, S. J., and Gilbert, J. S., Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 307, 57–84.CrossRef
Chouet, B. A., Dawson, P. B., James, M. R. and Lane, S. J. (2010). Seismic source mechanism of degassing bursts at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Results from waveform inversion in the 10–50 s band. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115, B09311, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, P. B., Chouet, B. A. and Power, J. (2011). Determining the seismic source mechanism and location for an explosive eruption with limited observational data: Augustine Volcano, Alaska. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L03302, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekström, G., Nettles, M. and Abers, G. A. (2003). Glacial earthquakes. Science, 302, 622–624, doi:.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eshelby, J. D. (1957). The determination of the elastic field of an ellipsoidal inclusion and related problems. Proceedings of the Royal Society, A241, 376–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fehler, M. (1983). Observations of volcanic tremor at Mount St. Helens volcano. Journal of Geophysical Research, 88, 3476–3484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrazzini, V. and Aki, K. (1987). Slow waves trapped in a fluid-filled infinite crack: Implications for volcanic tremor. Journal of Geophysical Research, 92, 9215–9233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gil Cruz, F., and Chouet, B. A. (1997). Long-period events, the most characteristic seismicity accompanying the emplacement and extrusion of a lava dome in Galeras Volcano, Colombia, in 1991. Journal of Volcanolology and Geothermal Research, 77, 121–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, M. R., Lane, S. J., Chouet, B. and Gilbert, J. S. (2004). Pressure changes associated with the ascent and bursting of gas slugs in liquid-filled vertical and inclined conduits. Journal of Volcanolology and Geothermal Research, 129, 61–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, M. R., Lane, S. J., and Chouet, B. A. (2006). Gas slug ascent through changes in conduit diameter: Laboratory insights into a volcano-seismic source process in low-viscosity magmas. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, B05201, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, M. R., Lane, S. J. and Corder, S. B. (2008). Modelling the rapid near-surface expansion of gas slugs in low-viscosity magmas. In Fluid Motions in Volcanic Conduits: A Source of Seismic and Acoustic Signals, ed Lane, S. J., and Gilbert, J. S.. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 307, 147–167.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. B., Lees, J. M., Gerst, A., Sahagian, D. and Varley, N. (2008). Long-period earthquakes and co-eruptive dome inflation seen with particle image velocimetry. Nature, 456, 377–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jousset, P., Neuberg, J. and Sturton, S. (2003). Modelling the time-dependent frequency content of low-frequency volcanic earthquakes. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 128, 201–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jousset, P., Neuberg, J. and Jolly, A. (2004). Modelling the low-frequency volcanic earthquakes in a viscoelastic medium with topography. Geophysical Journal International, 159, 776–802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Julian, B. R. (1994). Volcanic tremor, nonlinear excitation by fluid flow. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 11 859–11 877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanamori, H. and Given, J. W. (1982). Analysis of long-period waves excited by the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens – A terrestrial monopole?Journal of Geophysical Research, 87, 5422–5432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanamori, H., and Mori, J. (1992). Harmonic excitation of mantle Rayleigh waves by the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines. Geophysical Research Letters, 19, 721–724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanamori, H., Given, J. W. and Lay, T. (1984). Analysis of seismic body waves excited by the Mount St. Helens eruption of May 18, 1980. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89, 1856–1866.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawakatsu, H. (1989). Centroid single force inversion of seismic waves generated by landslides. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, 12 363–12 374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawakatsu, H. and Yamamoto, M. (2007). Volcano seismology. In Treatise on Geophysics Volume 4, Earthquake Seismology, ed. Kanamori, H.and Schubert, G.. New York: Elsevier, pp. 389–420.Google Scholar
Kawakatsu, H., Kaneshima, S., Matsubayashi, H. et al. (2000). Aso94: Aso seismic observation with broadband instruments. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 101, 129–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knopoff, L. and Randall, M. J. (1970). The compensated linear-vector dipole: A possible mechanism for deep earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 75, 4957–4963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konstantinou, K. I. and Schlindwein, V. (2002). Nature, wavefield properties and source mechanism of volcanic tremor: a review. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 119, 161–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumagai, H. (2006). Temporal evolution of a magmatic dike system inferred from the complex frequencies of very long period seismic signals. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, B06201, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumagai, H. and Chouet, B. A. (1999). The complex frequencies of long-period seismic events as probes of fluid composition beneath volcanoes. Geophysical Journal International, 138, F7–F12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumagai, H. and Chouet, B. A. (2000). Acoustic properties of a crack containing magmatic or hydrothermal fluids. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 25 493–25 512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumagai, H., Chouet, B. A. and Nakano, M. (2002a). Temporal evolution of a hydrothermal system in Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano, Japan, inferred from the complex frequencies of long-period events. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(B10), 2236, doi:.Google Scholar
Kumagai, H., Chouet, B. A. and Nakano, M. (2002b). Waveform inversion of oscillatory signatures in long-period events beneath volcanoes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(B11), 2301, doi:.Google Scholar
Kumagai, H., Miyakawa, K., Negishi, H. et al. (2003). Magmatic dike resonances inferred from very-long-period seismic signals. Science, 299, 2058–2061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumagai, H., Chouet, B. A. and Dawson, P. B. (2005). Source process of a long-period event at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Geophysical Journal International, 161, 243–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lane, S. J., Chouet, B. A., Phillips, J. C. et al. (2001). Experimental observations of pressure oscillations and flow regimes in an analogue volcanic system. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, 6461–6476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Latter, J. H. (1979). Volcanological observations at Tongariro National Park, 2, Types and classification of volcanic earthquakes, 1976–1978. New Zealand Department of Science and Industrial Research, Geophysical Division, Wellington, Report 150.
Linde, A. T., Agustsson, K., Sacks, I. S. and Stefansson, R. (1993). Mechanism of the 1991 eruption of Hekla from continuous borehole strain monitoring. Nature, 365, 737–740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNutt, S. R. (2002). Volcano seismology and monitoring for eruptions. In International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A, Chapter 25, ed. Lee, W. H. K., Kanamori, H., Jennings, P. C.and Kisslinger, C.. New York: Academic Press, pp. 383–406.Google Scholar
McNutt, S. R. (2005). Volcanic seismology. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 32, 461–491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mogi, K. (1958). Relation between the eruptions of various volcanoes and the deformations of the ground surfaces around them. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 36, 99–134.Google Scholar
Morrissey, M. M. and Chouet, B. A. (1997). A numerical investigation of choked flow dynamics and its application to the triggering mechanism of long-period events at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 7965–7983.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murase, T. and McBirney, A. R. (1973). Properties of some common igneous rocks and their melts at high temperatures. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84, 3563–3592.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakano, M., Kumagai, H. and Chouet, B. A. (2003). Source mechanism of long-period events at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano, Japan, inferred from waveform inversion of the effective excitation functions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 122, 149–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neuberg, J., Luckett, R., Baptie, B. and Olsen, K. (2000). Models of tremor and low-frequency earthquake swarms on Montserrat. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 101, 83–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neuberg, J. W., Tuffen, H., Collier, L. et al. (2006). The trigger mechanism of low-frequency earthquakes on Montserrat. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 153, 37–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishimura, T. (1995). Source parameters of volcanic eruption earthquakes at Mount Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan, and magma ascending model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 12 465–12 473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishimura, T. and Hamaguchi, H. (1993). Scaling law of volcanic explosion earthquake. Geophysical Research Letters, 20, 2479–2482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishimura, T., Nakamichi, , H. Tanaka, S. et al. (2000). Source process of very long period seismic events associated with the 1998 activity of Iwate Volcano, northeastern Japan. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 19 135–19 147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohminato, T. and Chouet, B. A. (1997). A free-surface boundary condition for including 3D topography in the finite-difference method. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87, 494–515.Google Scholar
Ohminato, T., Chouet, B. A., Dawson, P. B. and Kedar, S. (1998). Waveform inversion of very-long-period impulsive signals associated with magmatic injection beneath Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 23 839–23 862.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohminato, T., Takeo, M., Kumagai, H. et al. (2006). Vulcanian eruptions with dominant single force components observed during the Asama 2004 volcanic activity in Japan. Earth, Planets and Space, 58, 583–593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rust, A. C., Balmforth, N. J. and Mandre, S. (2008). The feasibility of generating low-frequency volcano seismicity by flow through a deformable channel. In Fluid Motions in Volcanic Conduits: A Source of Seismic and Acoustic Signals, ed Lane, S. J.and Gilbert, J. S.. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 307, pp. 45–56.Google Scholar
Saccorotti, G., Chouet, B. and Dawson, P. (2001). Wavefield properties of a shallow long-period event and tremor at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 109, 163–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sneddon, I. N. and Lowengrub, M. (1969). Crack Problems in the Classical Theory of Elasticity. New York: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Takei, Y. and Kumazawa, M. (1994). Why have the single force and torque been excluded from seismic source models?Geophysical Journal International, 109, 163–189.Google Scholar
Uhira, K. and Takeo, M. (1994). The source of explosive eruptions of Sakurajima Volcano, Japan. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 17 775–17 789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waite, G. P., Chouet, B. A. and Dawson, P. B. (2008). Eruption dynamics at Mount St. Helens imaged from broadband seismic waveforms: Interaction of the shallow magmatic and hydrothermal systems. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, B02305, doi:.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamamoto, M. and Kawakatsu, H. (2008). An efficient method to compute the dynamic response of a fluid-filled crack. Geophysical Journal International, 174, 1174–1186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×