A cursory look at the recent stage of Arab politics will easily vindicate a return to the study of the military. In Egypt in 2011, the fall of Mubarak brought the army back into politics in the shape of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces; then in 2013, after an unprecedented one-year period of civilian rule, the military toppled President Morsi; since then, President/Field Marshal al-Sisi has consolidated – and even increased to an unprecedented level – the army’s role in the governance of the country. In Libya after the fall of Qaddafi through civil war, an ensuing power struggle opened up between, on the one hand, rising new elites calling themselves “revolutionaries,” namely, civilians turned militia commanders and specifically integrated in the rebuilt security sector, and on the other hand, some officers from Qaddafi’s former army, especially in the East (Cyrenaica).