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10 - Metasurface-based THz Quantum Cascade Lasers

from Part II - Active Research Topics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2023

Dan Botez
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Mikhail A. Belkin
Affiliation:
Technische Universität München
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Summary

This chapter provides an overview of a class terahertz quantum cascade lasers based upon amplifying electromagnetic metasurfaces. The metasurface comprises two-dimensional arrays of sub-wavelength surface radiating antenna elements, in which the antennas are loaded with the quantum cascade laser gain material. Several types devices are described: (a) vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-lasers (VECSELs) in which the amplifying metasurface is paired with external optics to form a laser cavity; (b) monolithic metasurface lasers in which the metasurface array self-oscillates in a coherent supermode; and (c) metasurfaces which operate below threshold as free-space terahertz amplifiers. The metasurface approach allows the realization of large-area radiating apertures while preserving the sub-wavelength sized of the individual metallic waveguide antenna elements. This has resulted in significantly improved performance and functionality in many categories, including lasers with high-quality beam patterns, high-efficiency lasers with scalable output powers, broadband spectral tunability of single-mode emission, and free-space amplification of terahertz beams.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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